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Sayed Sifat Bin Nain Zulkar Khan Md. Shakil Ahmed Abdulla Faruq Tasmin Rubaia Adhikari Utpal Kumar 《International journal of peptide research and therapeutics》2020,26(4):2089-2107
International Journal of Peptide Research and Therapeutics - Lassa virus (LASV) is responsible for a type of acute viral haemorrhagic fever referred to as Lassa fever. Lack of adequate treatment... 相似文献
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Background
Flower colour is of great importance in various fields relating to floral biology and pollinator behaviour. However, subjective human judgements of flower colour may be inaccurate and are irrelevant to the ecology and vision of the flower''s pollinators. For precise, detailed information about the colours of flowers, a full reflectance spectrum for the flower of interest should be used rather than relying on such human assessments.Methodology/Principal Findings
The Floral Reflectance Database (FReD) has been developed to make an extensive collection of such data available to researchers. It is freely available at http://www.reflectance.co.uk. The database allows users to download spectral reflectance data for flower species collected from all over the world. These could, for example, be used in modelling interactions between pollinator vision and plant signals, or analyses of flower colours in various habitats. The database contains functions for calculating flower colour loci according to widely-used models of bee colour space, reflectance graphs of the spectra and an option to search for flowers with similar colours in bee colour space.Conclusions/Significance
The Floral Reflectance Database is a valuable new tool for researchers interested in the colours of flowers and their association with pollinator colour vision, containing raw spectral reflectance data for a large number of flower species. 相似文献3.
Renu Kumari Deepak Kumar Samir K. Brahmachari Achal K. Srivastava Mohammed Faruq Mitali Mukerji 《Journal of genetics》2018,97(3):589-609
Cerebellar ataxias are a group of rare progressive neurodegenerative disorders with an average prevalence ranges from 4.8 to 13.8 in 100,000 individuals. The inherited disorders affect multiple members of the families, or a community that is endogamous or consanguineous. Presence of more than 3000 mutations in different genes with overlapping clinical symptoms, genetic anticipation and pleiotropy, as well as incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity due to modifiers pose challenges in genotype–phenotype correlation. Development of a diagnostic algorithm could reduce the time as well as cost in clinicogenetic diagnostics and also help in reducing the economic and social burden of the disease. In a unique research collaboration spanning over 20 years, we have been able to develop a paradigm for studying cerebellar ataxias in the Indian population which would also be relevant in other rare diseases. This has involved clinical and genetic analysis of thousands of families from diverse Indian populations. The extensive resource on ataxia has led to the development of a clinicogenetic algorithm for cost-effective screening of ataxia and a unique ataxia clinic in the tertiary referral centre in All India Institute of Medical Sciences. Utilizing a population polymorphism scanning approach, we have been able to dissect the mechanisms of repeat instability and expansion in many ataxias, and also identify founders, and trace the mutational histories in the Indian population. This provides information for genetic testing of at—risk as well as protected individuals and populations. To dissect uncharacterized cases which comprises more than 50% of the cases, we have explored the potential of next-generation sequencing technologies coupled with the extensive resource of baseline data generated in-house and other public domains. We have also developed a repository of patient-derived peripheral blood mononuclear cells, lymphoblastoid cell lines and neuronal lineages (derived from iPSCs) for ascribing functionality to novel genes/mutations. Through integrating these technologies, novel genes have been identified that has broadened the diagnostic panel, increased the diagnostic yield to over 75%, helped in ascribing pathogenicity to novel mutations and enabled understanding of disease mechanisms. It has also provided a platform for testing novel molecules for amelioration of pathophysiological phenotypes. This review through a perspective on CAs suggests a generic paradigm from diagnostics to therapeutic interventions for rare disorders in the context of heterogeneous Indian populations. 相似文献
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Bin Lin Faruq Ahmed Huanmin Du Zhe Li Yuchen Yan Yuhan Huang Meng Cui Yonghao Yin Bang Li Miaomiao Wang Chunxiao Meng Zhengquan Gao 《Journal of applied phycology》2018,30(3):1549-1561
Microalgae are photosynthetic organisms with the ability to produce a variety of high-value compounds such as polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), proteins, pigments, and lipids. The high cost of microalgae production is one of the biggest obstacles for their commercialization. Plant growth regulators might be an ideal choice since they could potentially induce microalgae to produce lipids and other high-value secondary metabolites thereby reducing production cost. This study investigated the effects of eight plant growth regulators (PGRs), namely, salicylic acid (SA); 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA); gibberellin (GA3); 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA); 2,4-epibrassinolide (EBR); abscisic acid (ABA); ethephon (ETH); and spermidine (SPD) on the induction of lipids, proteins, carotenoids, and unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) in Chlorella vulgaris. Moreover, the expression profiles of seven fatty acid biosynthethis genes were studied in the PGR-treated biomass. All PGRs used in the study caused significant increases in total lipid contents in non-dose-dependent manners when compared to control. However, lipid productivities were increased due to four of the eight PGRs (ABA, 6-BA, NAA, and ETH). Similar to lipids, total carotenoid contents were significantly higher in all of the PGR-treated microalgal biomass except ABA. However, soluble protein contents were not affected by the PGR treatments except SA at 10 mg L?1. Furthermore, 6-BA, NAA, ABA, and ETH treatments resulted in significant increases in UFAs especially DHA, linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, and EPA which were confirmed by the upregulation of fatty acid biosynthesis genes including stearoyl-ACP-desaturase, ω-3 fatty acid desaturase, biotin carboxylase, and acyl-acyl carrier protein. Our findings, therefore, indicate that the treatment with PGR used in this study could be a useful tool to produce biodiesel and other high-value metabolites from microalgal biomass. 相似文献
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Zulkar Nain Faruq Abdulla M. Mizanur Rahman Mohammad Minnatul Karim Md. Shakil Ahmed Khan Sifat Bin Sayed 《Journal of biomolecular structure & dynamics》2020,38(16):4850-4867
AbstractElizabethkingia anophelis is an emerging human pathogen causing neonatal meningitis, catheter-associated infections and nosocomial outbreaks with high mortality rates. Besides, they are resistant to most antibiotics used in empirical therapy. In this study, therefore, we used immunoinformatic approaches to design a prophylactic peptide vaccine against E. anophelis as an alternative preventive measure. Initially, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL), helper T-lymphocyte (HTL), and linear B-lymphocyte (LBL) epitopes were predicted from the highest antigenic protein. The CTL and HTL epitopes together had a population coverage of 99.97% around the world. Eventually, six CTL, seven HTL, and two LBL epitopes were selected and used to construct a multi-epitope vaccine. The vaccine protein was found to be highly immunogenic, non-allergenic, and non-toxic. Codon adaptation and in silico cloning were performed to ensure better expression within E. coli K12 host system. The stability of the vaccine structure was also improved by disulphide bridging. In addition, molecular docking and dynamics simulation revealed strong and stable binding affinity between the vaccine and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) molecule. The immune simulation showed higher levels of T-cell and B-cell activities which was in coherence with actual immune response. Repeated exposure simulation resulted in higher clonal selection and faster antigen clearance. Nevertheless, experimental validation is required to ensure the immunogenic potency and safety of this vaccine to control E. anophelis infection in the future.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma 相似文献
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Anna P. Andreou Maria Efthymiou Yao Yu Helena R. Watts Faruq H. Noormohamed Daqing Ma David A. Lane James TB Crawley 《PloS one》2015,10(4)
Ischaemic stroke is caused by occlusive thrombi in the cerebral vasculature. Although tissue-plasminogen activator (tPA) can be administered as thrombolytic therapy, it has major limitations, which include disruption of the blood-brain barrier and an increased risk of bleeding. Treatments that prevent or limit such deleterious effects could be of major clinical importance. Activated protein C (APC) is a natural anticoagulant that regulates thrombin generation, but also confers endothelial cytoprotective effects and improved endothelial barrier function mediated through its cell signalling properties. In murine models of stroke, although APC can limit the deleterious effects of tPA due to its cell signalling function, its anticoagulant actions can further elevate the risk of bleeding. Thus, APC variants such as APC(5A), APC(Ca-ins) and APC(36-39) with reduced anticoagulant, but normal signalling function may have therapeutic benefit. Human and murine protein C (5A), (Ca-ins) and (36-39) variants were expressed and characterised. All protein C variants were secreted normally, but 5-20% of the protein C (Ca-ins) variants were secreted as disulphide-linked dimers. Thrombin generation assays suggested reductions in anticoagulant function of 50- to 57-fold for APC(36-39), 22- to 27-fold for APC(Ca-ins) and 14- to 17-fold for APC(5A). Interestingly, whereas human wt APC, APC(36-39) and APC(Ca-ins) were inhibited similarly by protein C inhibitor (t½ - 33 to 39 mins), APC(5A) was inactivated ~9-fold faster (t½ - 4 mins). Using the murine middle cerebral artery occlusion ischaemia/repurfusion injury model, in combination with tPA, APC(36-39), which cannot be enhanced by its cofactor protein S, significantly improved neurological scores, reduced cerebral infarct area by ~50% and reduced oedema ratio. APC(36-39) also significantly reduced bleeding in the brain induced by administration of tPA, whereas wt APC did not. If our data can be extrapolated to clinical settings, then APC(36-39) could represent a feasible adjunctive therapy for ischaemic stroke. 相似文献
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Lars Chittka Samia Faruq Peter Skorupski Annette Werner 《Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology》2014,200(6):435-448
Colour constancy is the perceptual phenomenon that the colour of an object appears largely unchanged, even if the spectral composition of the illuminating light changes. Colour constancy has been found in all insect species so far tested. Especially the pollinating insects offer a remarkable opportunity to study the ecological significance of colour constancy since they spend much of their adult lives identifying and choosing between colour targets (flowers) under continuously changing ambient lighting conditions. In bees, whose colour vision is best studied among the insects, the compensation provided by colour constancy is only partial and its efficiency depends on the area of colour space. There is no evidence for complete ‘discounting’ of the illuminant in bees, and the spectral composition of the light can itself be used as adaptive information. In patchy illumination, bees adjust their spatial foraging to minimise transitions between variously illuminated zones. Modelling allows the quantification of the adaptive benefits of various colour constancy mechanisms in the economy of nature. We also discuss the neural mechanisms and cognitive operations that might underpin colour constancy in insects. 相似文献
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Jack X. Q. Pang Scott Zimmer Sophia Niu Pam Crotty Jenna Tracey Faruq Pradhan Abdel Aziz M. Shaheen Carla S. Coffin Steven J. Heitman Gilaad G. Kaplan Mark G. Swain Robert P. Myers 《PloS one》2014,9(4)