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排序方式: 共有72条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Timothy D. Smith Ethan S. Kentzel Jayna M. Cunningham Amanda E. Bruening Kathryn D. Jankord Sara J. Trupp Christopher J. Bonar Susan J. Rehorek Valerie B. DeLeon 《American journal of physical anthropology》2014,154(3):424-435
Midfacial reduction in primates has been explained as a byproduct of other growth patterns, especially the convergent orbits. This is at once an evolutionary and developmental explanation for relatively short snouts in most modern primates. Here, we use histological sections of perinatal nonhuman primates (tamarin, tarsier, loris) to investigate how orbital morphology emerges during ontogeny in selected primates compared to another euarchontan (Tupaia glis). We annotated serial histological sections for location of osteoclasts or osteoblasts, and used these to create three‐dimensional “modeling maps” showing perinatal growth patterns of the facial skeleton. In addition, in one specimen we transferred annotations from histological sections to CT slices, to create a rotatable 3D volume that shows orbital modeling. Our findings suggest that growth in the competing orbital and neurocranial functional matrices differs among species, influencing modeling patterns. Distinctions among species are observed in the frontal bone, at a shared interface between the endocranial fossa and the orbit. The medial orbital wall is extensively resorptive in primates, whereas the medial orbit is generally depositional in Tupaia. As hypothesized, the orbital soft tissues encroach on available interorbital space. However, eye size cannot, by itself, explain the extent of reduction of the olfactory recess. In Loris, the posterior portion of medial orbit differed from the other primates. It showed evidence of outward drift where the olfactory bulb increased in cross‐sectional area. We suggest the olfactory bulbs are significant to orbit position in strepsirrhines, influencing an expanded interorbital breadth at early stages of development. Am J Phys Anthropol 154:424–435, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
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Breloy I Pacharra S Ottis P Bonar D Grahn A Hanisch FG 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2012,287(22):18275-18286
The terminal modification of glycans by β4 addition of N-acetylgalactosamine to N-acetylglucosamine with formation of the N,N-diacetyllactosediamine (LacdiNAc) moiety has been well documented for a number of N-linked glycoproteins and peptides, like neurohormones. Much less is known about O-glycoproteins in this regard because only human zona pellucida glycoprotein 3 (ZP3) and bovine proopiomelanocortin were reported to be LacdiNAc-modified. In searching for mammalian proteins modified with O-linked LacdiNAc we identified six positive species among nine endogenous and recombinant O-glycoproteins, which were extracellular matrix, or matrix-related proteins. These are ZP3 and the five novel LacdiNAc-positive species ECM1, AMACO, nidogen-1, α-dystroglycan, and neurofascin. The mass spectrometric analyses revealed a core 2-based tetrasaccharide as the common structural basis of O-linked LacdiNAc that could be further modified, similar to the type 2 LacNAc termini, with fucose, sialic acid, or sulfate. Here, we provide structural evidence for a novel type of mucin-type O-glycans that is strictly specific for LacdiNAc termini: sugar phosphorylation with formation of GalNAcβ1-4(phospho-)GlcNAc. The structural details of the phosphatase-labile compound were elucidated by MS(2) analysis of tetralysine complexes and by MS(n) measurements of the permethylated glycan alditols. Phospho-LacdiNAc was detected in human HEK-293 as well as in mouse myoblast cells and in bovine brain tissue. 相似文献
5.
Conclusion As the interactions between marine invertebrates and their bacterial commensals and symbionts are better understood, the application of biotechnology will enhance both environmental and economic benefit. In the immediate future, marine bacteria, either selected or genetically engineered, will play a significant role in enhancing the development of selected invertebrates in aquaculture and in the field. Luck may also favor discovery of mechanisms to suppress the development of biofouling species, perhaps by making it possible to coat submerged surfaces with bacterial films designed to repell larvae and/or interfere with larval morphogenesis. In any case, the future is appealing. 相似文献
6.
Shashi Shrivastav Yousuf Sharief John Day Charles F. Reich Robert A. Bonar 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》1981,17(12):1117-1124
Summary A new cell line, SS78, was established from a primary renal cell carcinoma of a Caucasian male. The tissue was dispersed with
collagenase, and viable cells were separated by flotation on a Ficoll-Hypaque gradient. In culture, the SS78 cells retained
a distinct epithelial morphology, and no fibroblastlike cells were seen. The cultured cells were aneuploid with a modal chromosome
number of 80 and had several marker chromosomes. Inoculation of the cultured cells into athymic nude mice caused tumors at
the sites of inoculation.
This research was supported in part by Grants CA 15972 and CA 14930 from the National Cancer Institute through the National
Bladder Cancer Project and by the Medical Research Service of the Veterans Administration. 相似文献
7.
Bonar E Dubin A Bierczyńska-Krzysik A Noga M Silberring J Stalińska K Koj A 《Cytokine》2006,33(2):111-117
Interleukin-1 (IL-1) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) are principal proinflammatory cytokines inducing the acute phase response of various tissues, including liver. Cultured human hepatoma HepG2 cells were stimulated with IL-1 (10 ng/ml) and IL-6 (10 ng/ml). After 24 h the cells were collected and disrupted by sonication in a lysis buffer containing 8M urea. The extracted cellular proteins were separated by 2D polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The gels were stained with Coomassie Brilliant Blue R-250 and the protein spots showing different intensities in comparison to control (unstimulated) cells were excised and subjected to analysis by LC-MS/MS. Alternatively, proteins were stained with SYPRO Ruby. These differentially expressed proteins include seven up-regulated and two down-regulated intracellular proteins of various functions. The identification of three cytokine-responsive proteins was confirmed by biosynthetic labeling with [35S]methionine after incubation of HepG2 cells, and by western blot with specific antisera. 相似文献
8.
Rat brain proteome in morphine dependence 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Bierczynska-Krzysik A Bonar E Drabik A Noga M Suder P Dylag T Dubin A Kotlinska J Silberring J 《Neurochemistry international》2006,49(4):401-406
The aim of this study was to reveal potential markers associated with drug dependence, using the proteomic approach. Gels containing samples derived from morphine-treated and control animals were compared and analyzed. Inspection of protein profiles, following TCA/acetone precipitation and the use of nano-scale liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry, allowed for identification of eleven potential dependence markers, mainly cytoplasmic and mitochondrial enzymes, e.g. proteins that belong to GTPase and GST superfamilies, ATPase, asparaginase or proteasome subunit p27 families. 相似文献
9.
Smith TD Rossie JB Cooper GM Schmieg RM Bonar CJ Mooney MP Siegel MI 《American journal of physical anthropology》2011,144(3):392-410
In anthropoid primates, it has been hypothesized that the magnitude of maxillary sinus growth is influenced by adjacent dental and soft tissue matrices. Relatively, little comparative evidence exists for the perinatal period when secondary pneumatization is at its earliest stages in some primates. Here, dental and midfacial variables were studied in a perinatal sample of four anthropoid primates, including three callitrichines (Leontopithecus, Saguinus, and Callithrix) and Saimiri boliviensis. In the latter species, the maxillary recess (the ontogenetic precursor to a "true" maxillary sinus) does not undergo secondary pneumatization. Using histological methods and micro-computed tomography, midfacial and dental dimensions and radiographic hydroxyapatite density of tooth cusps were measured. The distribution of osteoclasts and osteoblasts was also documented. Kruskal-Wallis's one-way analysis of variance tests indicates significant (P < 0.05) differences among groups for dental and midfacial measurements. In particular, the posterior maxillary dentition is relatively larger and more mineralized in Saimiri compared to the callitrichines. At posterior dental levels, Saimiri has the lowest palatonasal index [interdental (palatal) width/width of the nasal cavity] and highest bizygomatic-interorbital index. Distribution of osteoclasts indicates that the inferomedial surfaces of the orbits are resorptive in perinatal Saimiri, whereas, in all callitrichines, these surfaces are depository. Taken together, these findings suggest that pneumatization in Saimiri is suppressed by an inward growth trajectory of the orbits, relatively large posterior dentition, and a correspondingly compressed nasal region. 相似文献
10.
Dominique F. Bonafoux Sheri L. Bonar Michael Clare Ann M. Donnelly Jeanette L. Glaenzer Julia A. Guzova He Huang Nandidni N. Kishore Francis J. Koszyk Patrick J. Lennon Adam Libby Sumathy Mathialagan David S. Oburn Sharon A Rouw Cynthia D. Sommers Catherine S. Tripp Lori J. Vanella Richard Weier Serge G. Wolfson Horng-Chih Huang 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry》2010,18(1):403-414
Series of aminopyridinecarboxamide-based inhibitors were synthesized and tested against human recombinant IKK-2 and in IL-1β stimulated synovial fibroblasts. The 2-amino-5-chloropyridine-4-carboxamides were identified as the most potent inhibitors with improved cellular activity. 相似文献