猕猴注射黄曲霉素B和乙型肝炎病毒后丝裂霉素诱发SCE的研究

丝裂霉素C(MMC)是一种抗癌的双功能烷化剂,能诱发染色体畸变和使姐妹染色单体互换率显著增高,本实验以弥猴为实验材料,探讨强烈致癌因子黄曲霉素D(AFB_1),乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)和MMC在诱发SCE时的相互关系。 四只2—3年龄的猕猴(Macaca mulatta),一只雄性猕猴按公斤体重100微克剂量肌肉注射AFB_1(溶剂为二甲亚砜),另一只雄性猕猴静脉注射乙型肝炎患者血清0.2毫升。半个月后再次静脉注射患者的全血0.5毫升。一只雌性猕猴在注射AFB_1后再按上法注射乙型肝炎患者的血清和全血。另一只雄性猕猴为对照。最后一次注射的次日,抽取静脉     

电刺激大鼠尾核头部对丘脑腹后外侧核痛相关神经元电活动的影响

丘脑腹后外侧核的神经元对伤害性刺激的反应形式主要为以下三种类型:痛兴奋神经元、痛抑制神经元和痛无关神经元。痛相关神经元的放电活动可被吗啡类药物所抑制。电刺激尾核头部对痛相关神经元主要产生抑制作用,尾核头部背侧的作用强于腹侧,且受不同刺激参数的影响。本文就以上结果在镇痛中的意义进行了讨论。     

牛磺酸的营养作用

许多证据表明人、猴和猫合成牛磺酸的能力低,在很大程度上依赖膳食供应。当膳食中长期缺少牛磺酸时会造成机体牛磺酸缺乏,血浆中含量及尿中排出量减低。在猫和猴有视网膜变性、超微结构改变及电生理反应异常。近年来也有关于婴幼儿缺乏牛磺酸引起视网膜功能障碍的报道。目前,有些国家已开始用牛磺酸强化婴儿配方奶制品。     

Tetrazolium Reduction by Guard Cells in Abaxial Epidermis of Vicia faba: Blue Light Stimulation of a Plasmalemma Redox System

The stomata in the abaxial epidermis of Vicia faba were examined for the location of redox systems using tetrazolium salts. Three distinct redox systems could be demonstrated: chloroplast, mitochondrial, and plasmalemma. The chloroplast activity required light and NADP. Mitochondrial activity required added NADH and was suppressed by preincubation with KCN. The plasmalemma redox system in guard cells also required NADH, but was insensitive to KCN and was stimulated by blue light. The involvement of an NADH dehydrogenase in the blue light stimulated redox system in guard cells was suggested by the sensitivity to plantanetin, an inhibitor of NADH dehydrogenase. The redox system of mitochondria was the most active followed by that of plasmalemma. The activity of chloroplasts was the least among the three redox systems. The plasmalemma mediated tetrazolium reduction was stimulated by exogenous flavins and suppressed by Kl or phenylacetate, inhibitors of flavin excitation. We therefore conclude that an NADH-dependent, flavin mediated electron transport system, sensitive to blue light, operates in the plasmalemma of guard cells.     

Maintenance of photosynthesis at low leaf water potential in wheat : role of potassium status and irrigation history

The interaction of low water potential effects on photosynthesis, and leaf K⁺ levels in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants was studied. Plants were grown at three K⁺ fertilization levels; 0.2, 2, and 6 millimolar. With well watered plants, 2 millimolar K⁺ supported maximal photosynthetic rates; 0.2 millimolar K⁺ was inhibitory, and 6 millimolar K⁺ was superoptimal (i.e. rates were no greater than at 2 millimolar K⁺). Photosynthesis was monitored at high (930 parts per million) and low (330 parts per million) external CO₂ throughout a series of water stress cycles. Plants subjected to one stress cycle were considered nonacclimated; plants subjected to two successive cycles were considered acclimated during the second cycle. Sensitivity of photosynthesis to declining leaf water potential was affected by K⁺ status; 6 millimolar K⁺ plants were less sensitive, and 0.2 millimolar K⁺ plants were more sensitive than 2 millimolar K⁺ plants to declining water potential. This occurred with nonacclimated and acclimated plants at both high and low assay CO₂. It was concluded that the K⁺ effect on photosynthesis under stress was not mediated by treatment effects on stomatal resistance. Differences between the K⁺ treatments were much less pronounced, however, when photosynthesis of nonacclimated and acclimated plants was plotted at a function of declining relative water content during the stress cycles. These results suggest that K⁺ effects on the relationship between relative water content and water potential in stressed plants was primarily responsible for the bulk of the K⁺-protective effect on photosynthesis in stressed plants. In vitro experiments with chloroplasts and protoplasts isolated from 2 millimolar K⁺ and 6 millimolar K⁺ plants indicated that upon dehydration, K⁺ efflux from the chloroplast stroma into the cytoplasm is less pronounced in 6 millimolar K⁺ protoplasts.