内蒙古欧李果肉和果仁中营养成分分析

对内蒙古欧李果肉及果仁中营养成分进行研究,结果表明,欧李中维生素、矿物质、蛋白质等营养成分丰富,其中VC的质量分数为590.1 mg.kg-1,远远高于苹果、草莓、葡萄、柑橘、西红柿等水果的VC含量;矿物质元素Ca质量分数在果肉中达428.1 mg.kg-1,是其它水果Ca含量的2~10倍;果仁中达3.743 g.kg-1,其含量与杏仁中相当;蛋白质含量丰富,氨基酸种类齐全,必需氨基酸在果肉和果仁中所占比例达氨基酸总量的1/3以上,为以后的研究开发利用提供了理论依据。     

木薯雌雄花分化形态结构观察及生理调控研究

本研究以木薯品种新选048为试验材料,观察和测定木薯花分化各时期的形态结构、内源激素及碳氮化合物含量,并开展木薯雌雄花分化的外源激素调控研究,揭示木薯花分化规律,初步探究木薯花分化的生理机制.试验结果表明:木薯从花芽分化开始到完成开花的全过程需要30 d,分化出的花序主要有全雄花序和雌少雄多花序两种类型,木薯性别分化前...     

SCoT分子标记在割手密遗传图谱构建中的应用

本研究以割手密GXS85-30×GXS87-16的杂交后代为材料,应用目标起始密码子多态性(SCoT)分子标记对杂交后代进行杂种鉴定,获得由157个单株组成的F1杂种群,同时对比SCoT、AFLP和SSR分子标记在割手密基因组多态性分析和获得分离标记的效果,证实SCoT在扩增DNA多态性上优于SSR分子标记,在获取分离标记上优于AFLP分子标记,验证了SCoT分子标记技术在割手密遗传分析中的应用效果,为割手密遗传分析和遗传图谱构建提供了一种新型高效的目的基因分子标记技术。     

盐碱地生境中丛枝菌根真菌多样性与功能变化特征

丛枝菌根(AM)真菌广泛分布于土壤生态系统中,是土壤生物重要的功能组分,对促进土壤演化、保持土壤健康与可持续生产力具有不可替代的作用.盐碱地属于特殊生境之一,在人类活动对自然界的影响、硫和氮沉降增大、臭氧增加、温室效应增强、气候异常、外来生物入侵等一系列因素影响下,盐碱土壤的盐渍化、土壤生物多样性与功能也必然随之变化,进而影响到农林牧业生产和生态系统生产力的可持续发展.在简要介绍全球变化背景下盐碱地面积与次生盐渍化变化特点的基础上,重点综述了盐碱地生境中AM真菌多样性及其功能的变化特征;分析了影响AM真菌多样性与功能的因子及其变化特点,旨在为进一步探讨全球变化背景下盐碱地生境中AM真菌的地位、角色和作用,为有效修复盐碱地农田生态系统提供新的思路和途径.     

寄生取食Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白的粘虫幼虫对伞裙追寄蝇寄生率及生长发育的影响

【Aim】 To demonstrate the effect of transgenic Bt-crop on the bionomics of the tachinid fly Exorista civilis Rondani, the parasitism rate and life history parameters of E. civilis developed from larvae of the oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata (Walker), fed on artificial diets with Cry1Ab toxin were investigated in laboratory. 【Methods】 M. separata larvae were fed on diets containing 0, 3.125, 6.25, 12.5 and 25 μg/g of Cry1Ab toxin, respectively, and used as the host for E. civilis. The parameters related to the parasitism and the growth and development of E. civilis on the host were observed and recorded. 【Results】 The results showed that the parasitism rate and fecundity of the fly on M. separata larvae feeding on diets containing various doses of Cry1Ab protein were insignificantly different (P≥0.05), suggesting that host selective behavior of the E. civilis is not affected by the dose of Bt-toxin in the caterpillar. The developmental period (egg-larva, pupa, adult oviposition and generation), emergence rate, sex ratio, and fecundity of E. civilis developed from M. separata larvae treated by various concentrations of Cry1Ab toxin were insignificantly different (P≥0.05). However, the survival rate of the maggots in the host feeding on diet containing 3.125 μg/g of Cry1Ab toxin was significantly greater than that of the control and the rest treatments (P<0.05), while insignificantly different among the remained 4 treatments (P≥0.05). The pupal weight significantly declined as the concentration of Cry1Ab toxin fed by their hosts increased (P<0.05). The pupal weight in the control group was 49.8 mg, while that in treatment groups of 6.25 and 25 μg/g Cry1Ab toxin was only 41.0 and 36.7 mg, respectively. 【Conclusion】 These results indicate that parasitizing host M. separata larvae fed with Cry1Ab toxin has no dramatically negative effect on parasitoid E. civilis. This study provides a basis for the evaluation of the risk of transgenic Bt-crops on the tachinid parasitoids in fields.     

丛枝菌根真菌对紫薇耐盐性的影响

于盆栽条件下对紫薇(Lagerstroemia indica)接种Funneliformis mosseae,并施加不同浓度盐(0、0.15%、0.30%和0.45%NaCl)处理后,测定菌根侵染率、菌根依赖性、生长指标、根系参数、生理指标和耐盐系数。结果表明,接种F.mosseae显著提高盐胁迫下紫薇的株高、鲜重、干重、根长、根尖数、平均直径以及总长度,进而增大了紫薇根系的总表面积与总体积,促进了紫薇根系的生长;增加了叶片N、P、K和叶片叶绿素含量,其中0.15%NaCl胁迫下,接种处理紫薇叶片N含量比对照提高最大,为对照的1.5倍。0.45%NaCl胁迫下,接种处理后紫薇叶片P、K和叶绿素含量比对照提高最大,分别为对照的1.5、1.3和2.4倍;接种能显著降低盐胁迫下紫薇叶片Na+和Cl-含量,其中0.15%NaCl胁迫下,接种处理的Na+和Cl-含量比未接种降低幅度最大,分别为对照的59%和74%;降低盐胁迫下紫薇叶片丙二醛含量和膜透性,其中0.30%NaCl胁迫下,接种处理紫薇叶片的丙二醛含量和膜透性分别比未接种的降低33%和12%;接种F.mosseae后紫薇叶片脯氨酸含量显著降低,可溶性糖含量显著提高,且随盐浓度的增大,呈逐渐下降趋势;接种F.mosseae的紫薇耐盐系数比未接种处理提高27%。这些结果表明接种F.mosseae提高了紫薇的耐盐性。