棕背昼夜活动节律的研究

1　引　　言棕背鼠平 (Clethrionomysrufocanus)是我国北方森林小型哺乳动物的重要成分 ,也是主要的林木害鼠之一 .目前 ,国内外对该鼠的生态学已有许多研究 ,太田嘉四夫[6] 在活动节律研究方面有所报道 .作者在室内不同食物条件下 ,对棕背鼠平昼夜活动节律进行了观察研究 ,现将初步结果做一报道 .2　材料与方法2 1　供试动物2 0 0 1年 8～ 10月在黑龙江省海林市林区捕获棕背鼠平带回实验室驯养 .单鼠饲养于 35cm× 30cm× 2 0cm铁丝笼中 ,供给小鼠用颗粒饲料、胡萝卜和水 ,提供棉花供鼠做巢 ,实验室温度为 2 0～ 2 5℃ ,自然光照 .2 2　…     

一个被人遗忘的发现者——自然选择理论另一位提出者的悲剧

自然选择理论,是由英国伟大的博物学家查尔斯·达尔文提出的,这一思想,贯穿于其广博的进化理论,对后世及当时社会产生了重大影响。与达尔文同时提出这一理论的学者华莱士也为人所知。但是,很少人知道,早在《物种起源》发表前二十几年,就有一个人开始用自然选择的思想来考虑物种进化问题了,他最明白,最清楚地达到了达尔文在二十几年后提出的观点,这个人就是苏格兰人帕特里克·马修(1790—1874)。     

棕背(鼠平)昼夜活动节律的研究

The diurnal activity rhythm of Clethrionomys rufocanus was studied under three different food conditions in a laboratory. The activity occurred both in the daytime and at night, but mainly at night (19:00～4:00). The mice fed with Mouse food exhibited six small peaks in their daily activity, and those fed with grass or hay exhibited seven, but the peak of the out nest night activity was 2～3 hours earlier.The activity amount of out nest was 30518.0 ±3694.9 s for those fed with grass, the next was 21811.7± 2288.0 s for those fed with hay, and the least was 15038.0±666.0 s for those fed with mouse food. The activity amount of feeding was 10867.3±1612.1 s for those fed with grass, much more than those fed with mouse food and hay. The activity amount for drinking was 988.5±79.1 s (fed with hay),568.9±60.9 s (fed with mouse food) and 139.3±47.2 s (fed with grass).     

棕背Ping昼夜活动节律的研究

The diurnal activity rhythm of Clethrionomys rufocanus was studied under three different food conditions in a laboratory. The activity occurred both in the daytime and at night, but mainly at night (19:00--4:00). The mice fed with Mouse food exhibited six small peaks in their daily activity, and those fed with grass or hay exhib-ited seven, but the peak of the out-nest night activity was 2 ～ 3 hours earlier. The activity amount of out-nest was 30 518.0 ± 3 694.9 s for those fed with grass, the next was 21 811.7 ± 2 288.0 s for those fed with hay,and the least was 15 038.0 ± 666.0 s for those fed with mouse food. The activity amount of feeding was 10867.3± 1 612.1 s for those fed with grass, much more than those fed with mouse food and hay. The activity amount for drinking was 988.5 ± 79.1 s (fed with hay), 568.9 ± 60.9 s (fed with mouse food) and 139.3 ±47.2 s (fed with grass).     

当代基因伦理研究问题探析

基因伦理研究是生命伦理学的一个重要分支。围绕着基因中心文化现象、基因检测技术、生物样本库建设以及基因增强带来的伦理问题,既关注＂我们应该做什么＂的实质伦理学研究,也进行＂我们应该怎样做＂的程序伦理学研究,探讨中国文化背景和社会转型下基因伦理研究的重要工作,为下一步的基因伦理研究提供启示。