苜蓿中华根瘤菌(Sinorhizobium meliloti)LuxR家族转录因子ExpR调节motC操纵子的表达

目前已知苜蓿中华根瘤菌(S.meliloti)Rm1021 ExpR 突变导致胞外多糖Ⅱ(EPSⅡ)的过量表达,而胞外多糖是根瘤菌成功侵染宿主植物形成有效根瘤必需的物质。软琼脂板实验发现ExpR 突变株运动能力有缺陷。但是鞭毛染色实验并没有检测到突变株的鞭毛与野生型有什么不同。通过启动子-lacZ融合子进一步研究突变株中基因表达的差异发现,ExpR以细胞密度依赖的方式调节motC操纵子的表达。由此可见,在苜蓿中华根瘤菌中,ExpR同时参与了胞外多糖Ⅱ的合成和细胞运动能力的调节。     

Analysis of the downstream region of nodD3 P1 promoter by deletion and complementation tests in Sinorhizobium meliloti

Rhizobia specifically interacts with the host, leguminous plants, leading to the formation of nitrogen-fixing root nodules. The Rhizobium genes essential for nodule formation are called nodulation genes (nod or nol). The expression of nod genes requires the presence of host signals, generally flavonoids, and the product of regulatory nodD gene, NodD[1,2]. The expression of nod genes results in the synthesis of Nod factors, which serve as the signal molecules to elicit root cor-tical cells di…     

地衣芽孢杆菌谷氨酸脱氢酶基因的克隆和特性

克隆了地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillus licheniformis)谷氨酸脱氢酶基因(gdhA), 并研究其表达和功能. 发现野生型IRC-3 GDH-菌株和突变型IRC-8 GDH+菌株的gdhA基因都能互补大肠杆菌谷氨酸缺陷型菌Q100 GDH-的缺陷性状, 但突变型IRC-8 GDH+菌株的gdhA基因不能互补野生型IRC-3 GDH-菌株的谷氨酸缺陷性状. 经测序发现两者的核苷酸序列完全一致. gdhA基因在野生型IRC-3和突变型IRC-8中都能正常表达, 在野生型IRC-3细胞中未发现有抑制GDH活性的物质存在. 推测由于GDH翻译后调节的差异导致GDH表型的不同. 根据序列分析, 地衣芽孢杆菌GDH属于六聚体GDH中的家族Ⅰ, 而枯草芽孢杆菌GDH则属于家族Ⅱ, 两者间亲缘关系相距甚远.     

苜蓿根瘤菌固氮酶基因启动子P1转录起始点下游顺序(DS)的特性

自生状态的苜蓿根瘤菌(Rhizobium meliloti)nifHDK操纵子的启动子P1能被微氧诱导而呈高水平表达,而fixABCX操纵子的启动子P2则呈微弱的表达.P1和 P2的 DNA顺序从转录起始点到上游-160处具有 85％的同源性,但从转录起始点到翻译起始点的核苷酸顺序则完全不同.用P1转录起始点下游从+17到+61核苷酸的DNA片段(DS)取代P2区的相应的DNA顺序,在自生状态微氧诱导条件下能提高P2的表达水平,在大肠杆菌中有NifA存在时P2亦呈高水平表达,说明P1和P2区的DS顺序是决定P1和P2自生状态微氧诱导条件下表达或异源表达差异的根本原因.在共生状态下P2的表达不依赖启动子下游顺序.采用引物延伸法测定 P2的转录起始点,发现 P2区当引入 P1区的 DS后不改变它的转录起始点.由于P2不论有DS的插入与否均不影响其在根瘤菌共生状态的正常表达,因此P2在自生状态的根瘤菌中与共生状态时的表达调节将有所不同.     

Cloning and characterization of the glutamate dehydrogenase gene inBacillus licheniformis

The gdhA genes of IRC-3 GDH strain and IRC-8 GDH strain were cloned, and they both successfully complemented the nutritional lesion of an E. coli glutamate auxotroph, Q100 GDH". However, the gdhA gene from the mutant IRC-8 GDH strain failed to complement the glutamate deficiency of the wild type strain IRC-3. The gdhA genes of the wild type and mutant origin were sequenced separately. No nucleotide difference was detected between them. Further investigations indicated that the gdhA genes were actively expressed in both the wild type and the mutant. Additionally, no GDH inhibitor was found in the wild type strain IRC-3. It is thus proposed that the inactivity of GDH in wild type is the result of the deficiency at the post-translational level of the gdhA expression. Examination of the deduced amino acid sequence of Bacillus licheniformis GDH revealed the presence of the motifs characteristic of the family I -type hexameric protein, while the GDH of Bacillus subtilis belongs to family II.     

苜蓿根瘤菌(Sinorhizobium meliloti)nodD3P1启动子下游序列的缺失和互补分析

在苜蓿根瘤菌中,nodD3基因的转录由两个彼此分离的启动子P1和P2控制. 在P1下游是一段由660 bp组成的序列, 接着是nodD3的编码区. 由P1下游序列3′末端开始缺失得到的一系列缺失突变体的遗传分析指出, P1下游＋1~＋125 nt序列对P1的表达是必须的. 互补分析和结瘤试验指出, ORF2自我抑制P1的表达, 而＋1~＋125 nt序列可对抗ORF2对P1的抑制作用.     

NifA中心结构域多聚功能结构基础的突变分析

肺炎克氏杆菌(Klebsiella pneumonia,Kp)NifA中心结构域C3区的点突变型(Thr-290® Val)丧失了激活nif基因转录的功能,说明这个Thr残基对NifA中心结构域的转录激活功能是关键的.该点突变型蛋白被用于部分二倍体实验以检测NifA中心结构域的多聚功能.实验结果表明,NifA中心结构域含有决定NifA蛋白单体间聚合的聚合决定子.通过构建NifA蛋白的一系列缺失突变型以确定中心结构域中对单体间聚合起关键作用的区域,证明252~453氨基酸残基序列参与了Kp NifA中心结构域的多聚功能.