排序方式: 共有38条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
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Casartelli Alberto Melino Vanessa J. Baumann Ute Riboni Matteo Suchecki Radoslaw Jayasinghe Nirupama S. Mendis Himasha Watanabe Mutsumi Erban Alexander Zuther Ellen Hoefgen Rainer Roessner Ute Okamoto Mamoru Heuer Sigrid 《Plant molecular biology》2019,99(4-5):477-497
Plant Molecular Biology - Degradation of nitrogen-rich purines is tightly and oppositely regulated under drought and low nitrogen supply in bread wheat. Allantoin is a key target metabolite for... 相似文献
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Metabolic and transcriptomic signatures of rice floral organs reveal sugar starvation as a factor in reproductive failure under heat and drought stress 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2 下载免费PDF全文
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Zuther K Mayser P Hettwer U Wu W Spiteller P Kindler BL Karlovsky P Basse CW Schirawski J 《Molecular microbiology》2008,68(1):152-172
Tryptophan is a precursor for many biologically active secondary metabolites. We have investigated the origin of indole pigments first described in the pityriasis versicolor-associated fungus Malassezia furfur . Some of the identified indole pigments have properties potentially explaining characteristics of the disease. As M. furfur is not amenable to genetic manipulation, we used Ustilago maydis to investigate the pathway leading to pigment production from tryptophan. We show by high-performance liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance analysis that the compounds produced by U. maydis include those putatively involved in the etiology of pityriasis versicolor. Using a reverse genetics approach, we demonstrate that the tryptophan aminotransferase Tam1 catalyses pigment biosynthesis by conversion of tryptophan into indolepyruvate. A forward genetics approach led to the identification of mutants incapable of producing the pigments. These mutants were affected in the sir1 gene, presumably encoding a sulphite reductase. In vitro experiments with purified Tam1 showed that 2-oxo 4-methylthio butanoate serves as a substrate linking tryptophan deamination to sulphur metabolism. We provide the first direct evidence that these indole pigments form spontaneously from indolepyruvate and tryptophan without any enzymatic activity. This suggests that compounds with a proposed function in M. furfur -associated disease consist of indolepyruvate-derived spontaneously generated metabolic by-products. 相似文献
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Raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFO) have been implicated as protective agents in the cellular dehydration tolerance, especially of many plant seeds. However, their efficacy in stabilizing membranes during dehydration has never been systematically investigated. We have analyzed the effects of sucrose, raffinose, stachyose, and verbascose on liposome stability during air-drying. With increasing degree of polymerization (DP), the RFO were progressively better able to stabilize liposomes against leakage of aqueous content and against membrane fusion after rehydration. Indeed, there was a very tight linear correlation between fusion and leakage for all RFO. These data indicate that increased protection of liposomes against leakage with increasing DP is due to better protection against fusion. This is in accord with the higher glass transition temperature of the longer chain oligosaccharides. Further evidence for the influence of glass transitions on membrane stability in the dry state was provided by experiments testing the temperature dependence of membrane fusion. During incubation at temperatures up to 95 °C for 2 h, fusion increased less with temperature in the presence of higher DP sugars. This indicates that RFO with a higher glass transition temperature are better able to protect dry membranes at elevated temperatures. In addition, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy showed a reduction of the gel to liquid-crystalline phase transition temperature of dry liposomes in the presence of all investigated sugars. However, the RFO became slightly less effective with increasing chain length, again pointing to a decisive role for preventing fusion. A direct interaction of the RFO with the lipids was indicated by a strong effect of the sugars on the phosphate asymmetric stretch region of the infrared spectrum. 相似文献
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Monika Hilker Jens Schwachtje Margarete Baier Salma Balazadeh Isabel Bäurle Sven Geiselhardt Dirk K. Hincha Reinhard Kunze Bernd Mueller‐Roeber Matthias C. Rillig Jens Rolff Tina Romeis Thomas Schmülling Anke Steppuhn Joost van Dongen Sarah J. Whitcomb Susanne Wurst Ellen Zuther Joachim Kopka 《Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society》2016,91(4):1118-1133
Experience and memory of environmental stimuli that indicate future stress can prepare (prime) organismic stress responses even in species lacking a nervous system. The process through which such organisms prepare their phenotype for an improved response to future stress has been termed ‘priming’. However, other terms are also used for this phenomenon, especially when considering priming in different types of organisms and when referring to different stressors. Here we propose a conceptual framework for priming of stress responses in bacteria, fungi and plants which allows comparison of priming with other terms, e.g. adaptation, acclimation, induction, acquired resistance and cross protection. We address spatial and temporal aspects of priming and highlight current knowledge about the mechanisms necessary for information storage which range from epigenetic marks to the accumulation of (dormant) signalling molecules. Furthermore, we outline possible patterns of primed stress responses. Finally, we link the ability of organisms to become primed for stress responses (their ‘primability’) with evolutionary ecology aspects and discuss which properties of an organism and its environment may favour the evolution of priming of stress responses. 相似文献
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Host specificity of Sporisorium reilianum is tightly linked to generation of the phytoalexin luteolinidin by Sorghum bicolor 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Zuther K Kahnt J Utermark J Imkampe J Uhse S Schirawski J 《Molecular plant-microbe interactions : MPMI》2012,25(9):1230-1237
The smut fungus Sporisorium reilianum occurs in two varieties (S. reilianum f. sp. reilianum and S. reilianum f. sp. zeae) that cause head smut disease on sorghum and maize, respectively. Prior to plant infection, compatible haploid sporidia of S. reilianum fuse to form infectious dikaryotic hyphae that penetrate the leaf surface, spread throughout the plant, and reach the inflorescences, in which spore formation occurs. To elucidate the basis of host specificity of the two S. reilianum varieties, we compared disease etiology of S. reilianum f. sp. reilianum and S. reilianum f. sp. zeae on sorghum and maize. Both varieties could penetrate and multiply in both hosts. However, red spots appeared on inoculated leaves after sorghum infection with S. reilianum f. sp. zeae. Using matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization time of flight analysis of leaf extracts, we show that sorghum reacts with the production of the red and orange phytoalexins luteolinidin and apigeninidin upon colonization by S. reilianum f. sp. zeae but not by S. reilianum f. sp. reilianum. Using in vitro growth assays, we demonstrate that luteolinidin but not apigeninidin slows vegetative growth of both S. reilianum f. sp. zeae and S. reilianum f. sp. reilianum. However, the phytoalexin biosynthesis gene SbDFR3 is only induced in sorghum after infection with S. reilianum f. sp. zeae, as shown by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. This suggests that regulation of luteolinidin biosynthesis determines infection success of S. reilianum on sorghum. 相似文献