DNMT3b SUMOylation Mediated MMP-2 Upregulation Contribute to Paclitaxel Induced Neuropathic Pain

Neurochemical Research - Paclitaxel is a common chemotherapeutic agent in cancer treatment, while it often causes chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN), which...     

Composition Engineering in Doctor‐Blading of Perovskite Solar Cells

Organic–inorganic halide perovskite (OIHP) solar cells with efficiency over 18% power conversion efficiency (PCE) have been widely achieved with lab scale spin‐coating method which is however not scalable for the fabrication of large area solar panels. The PCEs of OIHP solar cells made by scalable deposition methods, such as doctor‐blading or slot‐die coating, have been lagging far behind than spin‐coated devices. In this study the authors report composition engineering in doctor‐bladed OIHP solar cells with p–i–n planar heterojunction structure to enhance their efficiency. Phase purer OIHP thin films are obtained by incorporating a small amount of cesium (Cs⁺) and bromine (Br^?) ions into perovskite precursor solution, which also reduces the required film formation temperature. Pinhole free OIHP thin films with micrometer‐sized grains have been obtained assisted by a secondary grain growth with added methylammonium chloride into the precursor solution. The OIHP solar cells using these bladed thin films achieved PCEs over 19.0%, with the best stabilized PCE reaching 19.3%. This represents a significant step toward scalable manufacture of OIHP solar cells.     

Up-Regulation of CX3CL1 via STAT3 Contributes to SMIR-Induced Chronic Postsurgical Pain

Chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) often occurs after surgery and has a strong impact on patients’ daily lives. However, the underlying mechanism of CPSP remains unknown. Here, we used a skin/muscle incision and retraction (SMIR) model to investigate the role of CX3CL1 in SMIR-induced pain and its underlying mechanism. We found that up-regulation of CX3CL1 in the spinal dorsal horn contributed to SMIR-induced mechanical allodynia. The use of a CX3CL1-neutralizing antibody to block CX3CL1 attenuated mechanical allodynia induced by SMIR surgery. We also found that phospho-STAT3 co-localizes with CX3CL1 in spinal neurons after SMIR surgery and that this contributes to SMIR-induced mechanical allodynia. Intrathecal administration of the STAT3 inhibitor S3I-201 suppressed up-regulation of CX3CL1 at both the protein and mRNA levels after SMIR surgery. Chromatin immunoprecipitation further demonstrated that SMIR promotes the recruitment of STAT3 to the cx3cl1 gene promoter (??1032/??1022). These findings suggest that activation of STAT3 after SMIR mediates the up-regulation of CX3CL1, leading to mechanical allodynia, and that this upregulation may partly be due to the enhanced recruitment of STAT3 to the cx3cl1 gene promoter after SMIR.     

A Novel Method to Establish a Rat ED Model Using Internal Iliac Artery Ligation Combined with Hyperlipidemia

Objective

To investigate a novel method, namely using bilateral internal iliac artery ligation combined with a high-fat diet (BCH), for establishing a rat model of erectile dysfunction (ED) that, compared to classical approaches, more closely mimics the chronic pathophysiology of human ED after acute ischemic insult.

Materials and Methods

Forty 4-month-old male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly placed into five groups (n = 8 per group): normal control (NC), bilateral internal iliac artery ligation (BIIAL), high-fat diet (HFD), BCH, and mock surgery (MS). All rats were induced for 12 weeks. Copulatory behavior, intracavernosal pressure (ICP), ICP/mean arterial pressure, hematoxylin-eosin staining, Masson''s trichrome staining, serum lipid levels, and endothelial and neuronal nitric oxide synthase immunohistochemical staining of the cavernous smooth muscle and endothelium were assessed. Data were analyzed by SAS 8.0 for Windows.

Results

Serum total cholesterol and triglyceride levels were significantly higher in the HFD and BCH groups than the NC and MS groups. High density lipoprotein levels were significantly lower in the HFD and BCH groups than the NC and MS groups. The ICP values and mount and intromission numbers were significantly lower in the BIIAL, HFD, and BCH groups than in the NC and MS groups. ICP was significantly lower in the BCH group than in the BIIAL and HFD groups. Cavernous smooth muscle and endothelial damage increased in the HFD and BCH groups. Cavernous smooth muscle to collagen ratio, nNOS and eNOS staining decreased significantly in the BIIAL, HFD, and BCH groups compared to the NC and MS groups.

Conclusions

The novel BCH model mimics the chronic pathophysiology of ED in humans and avoids the drawbacks of traditional ED models.     

‘杨氏金红50号’猕猴桃的离体快繁研究

为建立‘杨氏金红50号’猕猴桃的离体快繁体系,该研究以其带腋芽茎段为外植体,采用组织培养的方法进行离体培养,并建立了两种离体再生途径:途径I为直接诱导茎段腋芽出芽;途径Ⅱ为茎段基部先产生愈伤组织,再分化不定芽。结果表明:‘杨氏金红50号’猕猴桃带腋芽茎段的最佳灭菌方式为75%酒精30 s+15%Ca(Cl O)_25 min+0.1%升汞8 min;在途径I中,诱导茎段腋芽出芽的最优培养基为MS+4.0 mg·L~(-1)6-BA+0.1 mg·L~(-1)NAA;在途径Ⅱ中,诱导茎段基部产生愈伤组织并产生不定芽的最优培养基为MS+3.0 mg·L~(-1)6-BA+0.3 mg·L~(-1)NAA;培养丛生芽的最佳植物生长调节剂组合为MS+4.0 mg·L~(-1)6-BA+0.4 mg·L~(-1)NAA;不定芽生根培养的最佳植物生长调节剂组合为1/2 MS+0.9 mg·L~(-1)IBA,20 d左右分化出不定根,40 d左右获得完整植株;生根后的组培苗在田园土∶细沙=1∶1的基质中能达到96%的移栽成活率。     

Scalable Fabrication of Efficient Perovskite Solar Modules on Flexible Glass Substrates

Perovskite materials are good candidates for flexible photovoltaic applications due to their strong absorption and low‐temperature processing, but efficient flexible perovskite modules have not yet been realized. Here, a record efficiency flexible perovskite solar module is demonstrated by blade coating high‐quality perovskite films on flexible Corning Willow Glass using additive engineering. Ammonium chloride (NH₄Cl) is added into the perovskite precursor solution to retard the nucleation which prevents voids formation at the interface of perovskite and glass. The addition of NH₄Cl also suppresses the formation of PbI₂ and reduces the trap density in the perovskite films. The implementation of NH₄Cl enables the fabrication of single junction flexible perovskite solar devices with an efficiency of 19.72% on small‐area cells and a record aperture efficiency of 15.86% on modules with an area of 42.9 cm². This work provides a simple way to scale up high‐efficiency flexible perovskite modules for various applications.     

氮钙对香石竹多酚氧化酶、过氧化物酶和叶斑病的影响

1　引　　言近几年安徽省香石竹鲜切花生产得到迅速发展 ,但每年6月至 10月间叶斑病均有较严重发生 ,药物也很难从根本上防止叶斑病的发生和蔓延 ,影响香石竹的生产 .由于多数香石竹生产基地长期只注重用销铵、尿素等Ｎ肥 ,而忽视施用含Ｃａ2 + 肥料和Ｃａ2 + 的生理作用 ,导致栽培基质Ｎ(ＮＯ-3 )、Ｃａ2 + 失去平衡 ,植株对病害抵抗能力降低 .本试验着重研究Ｎ(ＮＯ-3 )、Ｃａ2 + 营养浓度对与抗病性有关的多酚氧化酶、过氧化物酶活性和植株发生叶斑病程度的关系 ,为合理施肥减轻叶斑病对香石竹危害程度提供理论依据 .2　材料与方法2 1　…