黄瓜子叶扩张与细胞分裂素的关系

BA(benzyl adenine)专一性地促进离体黄瓜子叶的扩张。为了研究 BA 的作用机理,我们采用间接 EIISA 和 HPLC 的方法测定了子叶扩张过程中内源玉米素(Z)和玉米素核苷(ZR)含量的变化。离体黄瓜(Cucumis sativus,津研4号)子叶用10mg/l 的 BA 培养,72小时之后,处理子叶鲜重的增加比对照高70%。Z+ZR 在 BA 处理的子叶中有大量的积累。结果表明 BA 可能诱发了黄瓜子叶中的细胞分裂素生物合成和代谢的某些基因。     

Marinifaba aquimaris gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel chitin‐degrading gammaproteobacterium in the family Alteromonadaceae isolated from seawater of the Mariana Trench

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek - A novel Gram-negative, rod-shaped, aerobic, oxidase-positive and catalase-negative bacterium, designated strain SM1970T, was isolated from a seawater sample collected from...     

Over-expression of miR166a inhibits cotyledon formation in somatic embryos and promotes lateral root development in seedlings of Larix leptolepis

Somatic embryo (SE) regeneration is an ideal experimental system to realize rapid propagation of excellent clones and genetic improvement for perennial gymnosperms. In the present study, genes encoding the miRNA166 precursor were identified and LamiR166a was successfully transformed into the gymnosperm Larix leptolepis (L. leptolepis) and five LamiR166a over-expressed embryonic cell lines were screened out as stable embryo masses. As expected, the targets of miR166a, LaHDZ31-34, were all down-regulated in transgenic lines according to qRT-PCR results. The results showed that the percentage of normal SEs with 4–7 cotyledons was 77.0?% in wild type (WT) lines, but was reduced to 60.3?% in the pSuper::MIR166a lines with “cup-shaped” embryos comprised 7.0?% of WT and 20.7?% of transgenic embryos. Microscopic observation further showed that the intermediate region surrounded by the cotyledons was larger than in the control, with no upward bulge of the shoot apical meristem (SAM). The expression pattern of the two meristem marker genes CLAVATA (CLV) and WUSCHEL-related homeobox (WOX) were investigated. The results showed that the expression levels of WOX were three times higher in transgenic lines than in WT samples, which suggest that miR166a may indirectly regulate SAM development by directly affecting WOX expression. Besides, overexpression of LamiR166a clearly increased the rooting rate and promoted lateral root formation in L. leptolepis seedlings. These results may provide new insights into the regulatory role of miR166 in gymnosperms, and also new applications for forestry production in practice.     

降钙素基因相关肽对LPS诱导肺泡巨噬细胞分泌MMP-9的影响

目的：探讨降钙素基因相关肽（CGRP）对经脂多糖（LPS）诱导大鼠肺泡巨噬细胞分泌基质金属蛋白酶-9（MMP-9）的影响及其机制。方法：对经LPS诱导的大鼠肺泡巨噬细胞给予不同浓度的CGRP干预,并同时设置对照,分别收集上清液,采用明胶酶谱法测定LPS、CGRP或二者联合干预后大鼠肺泡巨噬细胞分泌MMP-9的变化。结果：①正常肺泡巨噬细胞仅分泌少量MMP-9,各浓度CGRP对其分泌无影响,但经LPS诱导后MMP-9的分泌均明显升高（P〈0．01）;②不同浓度的CGRP干预呈剂量依赖方式降低LPS诱导的肺泡巨噬细胞MMP-9的分泌（P〈0.01）。③CGRP下调LPS诱导的肺泡巨噬细胞MMP-9分泌的作用可为蛋白激酶C阻断剂H-7及钙调蛋白阻断剂W-7部分逆转（P〈0.05）。结论：CGRP可明显下调LPS诱导的大鼠肺泡巨噬细胞MMP-9活性,其机制与蛋白激酶C及钙调蛋白信号途径有关。     

Lead and cadmium-induced oxidative stress impacting mycelial growth of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Oudemansiella radicata</Emphasis> in liquid medium alleviated by microbial siderophores

In this study, the effects of siderophores produced by six bacteria on mycelium growth, Cd and Pb accumulation, lipid peroxidation, protein content and antioxidant enzyme in Oudemansiella radicata were investigated in Cd and Pb-containing liquid medium. The results showed that inoculation with siderophore-containing filtrates (SCF) partly enhanced the growth of O. radicata after 15 days, with 0.8–32.4% biomass increase for Cd and 0.7–20.8% for Pb compared to control(s), which lacked siderophore. The maximum enhancement for accumulation were found to be confined to Bacillus sp. FFQ2(s) (26.5%) for Cd and Pseudomonas sp. CY63(s) (158.9%) for Pb. A significant decrease in MDA content indicated that lipid peroxidation in O. radicata was alleviated by siderophores. Besides, antioxidant enzyme SOD and POD activities also displayed obviously decrease in SCF-treated mycelium compared to control(s) treatment, while CAT activity did not present significant change. Protein level in O. radicata treated by SCF increased from 0.3 to 138.0% for Cd and from 10.9 to 107.1% for Pb compared to control(s). Therefore, the present work suggests that microbial siderophores can reduce the toxicity of metals to mycelium and then alleviate heavy metals-inducing oxidative stress in O. radicata.     

猪内源性反转录病毒5′端非编码区的克隆及结构分析

通过五指山猪内源性反转录病毒5′端非编码区(5′UTR)cDNA的克隆,分析其一级结构和调控元件,为进一步研究其在PERV复制、转录中的调控机制奠定基础。本研究采用cDNA末端快速扩增技术(RACE)获得全长约1035bp的PERV 5′UTR。通过NCBI公共数据库BLASTn序列进行同源性分析,并应用KEGG数据库对该转录调控区进行顺式作用元件定位分析,结果发现PERV 5′UTR与GenBank公布的部分PERV 5′UTR相比较,同源性在82.6~94.8%之间。一级结构分析发现PERV 5′UTR由U3、R、U5区、引物结合区(PBS)及前导序列组成,可能的核心启动子序列与具有增强子作用的39bp重复序列分别位于U3区的-67~ 1与-97~-59区段。在5′UTR转录调控区(-428~ 507)鉴定出31个有效的顺式作用元件位点,其中NF-Y、TBP、Oct-1、HSF、GATA-1和GATA-2等与PERV的转录、调控密切相关。     

岷山毛建草挥发油化学成分分析

利用气相色谱 质谱联用技术对岷山毛建草的挥发油成分进行分析 ,共鉴定出 6 1种组分。其中主要成分为十六烷酸、十六烷酸乙酯、3 ,5 双烯 豆甾烷、N ,N 二苯基 [1,1 联苯 ] 4,4′肼、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、二十七烷、二十九烷、三十二烷、十八烷酸乙酯、二十二烷酸乙酯等 ,其中十六烷酸和十六烷酸乙酯的含量较高 ,占挥发油成分总量的 14 2 %。检出成分占挥发油成分的 6 3 3%。     

土壤盐分对Bt棉铃壳中Bt蛋白含量和氮代谢生理的影响

为探讨土壤盐分对转Bt基因抗虫棉棉铃抗虫性的影响,以2个Bt棉品种‘新棉33B’(盐敏感)和‘中07’(耐盐)为试验材料,设置5个土壤盐分水平(0、0.15%、0.30%、0.45%和0.60%),采用盆栽法研究了不同土壤盐分下Bt棉盛铃期铃壳Bt蛋白含量变化及氮代谢生理特征.结果表明: 铃壳中Bt蛋白含量随土壤盐分的升高而降低,与对照相比(0%),盐敏感型品种在土壤盐分0.15%、耐盐型品种在0.30%以上时,铃壳中Bt蛋白含量显著下降.相同土壤盐分水平下,花后30 d(DPA)铃壳Bt蛋白含量下降幅度明显大于10 DPA.在铃壳Bt杀虫蛋白含量下降显著时,其可溶性蛋白含量明显下降,硝酸还原酶(NR)和谷氨酸丙酮酸转氨酶(GPT)活性显著下降;游离氨基酸含量、蛋白酶和肽酶活性在土壤盐分0.30%以上时显著增加.以上结果说明,土壤盐分影响铃壳的氮代谢,从而引起Bt蛋白合成减弱,中度以上土壤盐分水平会引起Bt蛋白分解加强,从而导致杀虫蛋白表达水平进一步下降.     

The Relationship between the Effects of Cytokinin on the Expension and Metabolism of Excised Cucumber Cotyledons and Water Stress

Excised cucumber (Cucumis sativus, var. Jin-ian No. 4) cotyledons were incubated with 10 ppm of BA (benzyladenine) or water for 1 h, then thouroughly rinsed with water and grown in darkness on filter paper saturated with different concentrations of mannitol solution. Up to 24 h, the fresh weight, carotenoid, RNA, DNA and lipid contents of cotyledons were determined. Although mannitol solution reduced the effectiveness of BA treatment, in the same condition of osmotic potential, the increases of fresh weight, carotenoid, RNA and DNA contents, as well as the decrease of lipid per cotyledon were always much higher in BA treated tissues. BA enhanced the rate of water uptake by the cotyledons. The fresh weight of BA and 0.2 M mannitol treated cotyledons was equal to that of water control, but the increases of carotenoid and nucleic acid contents and the decrease of lipid were much higher in tho former than the latter. 0.3 M and 0.5 M mannitol solu- tions almost interrupted the water uptake of water and BA treated cotyledons respectively. However, the increases of carotenoid and nucleic acid contents as well as decrease of lipid were still occurred in these conditions. The different osmotic potential did nearly not affect the ratio of the increases of carotenoid and nucleic acid contents between BA treatment and control. It means the effectiveness of BA was almost the same under different osmotic potential It is evident that BA stimulated simultaneously the water uptake and metabolism of the cotyledons. They are probably different processes but closely related to each other.