Gastrodin Alleviates Cerebral Ischaemia/Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting Pyroptosis by Regulating the lncRNA NEAT1/miR-22-3p Axis

Cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury-induced irreversible brain injury is a major cause of mortality and functional impairment in ageing people. Gastrodin (GAS), derived from the traditional Chinese herbal medicine Tianma, has been reported to inhibit the progression of stroke, but the mechanism whereby GAS modulates the progression of cerebral I/R remains unclear. The middle cerebral artery occlusion method was used as a model of I/R in vivo. Rats were pretreated with GAS by intraperitoneal injection 7 days before I/R surgery and were then treated with GAS for 7 days after I/R surgery. Additionally, an oxygen–glucose deprivation/reoxygenation model using neuronal cells was established in vitro to simulate I/R injury. 2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride and Nissl staining were used to evaluate infarct size and neuronal damage, respectively. Lactate dehydrogenase release and cell counting kit-8 assays were used to assess neuronal cell viability. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, qPCR, flow cytometry and western blotting were performed to analyse the expression levels of inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-18), lncRNA NEAT1, miR-22-3p, NLRP3 and cleaved caspase-1. Luciferase reporter experiments were performed to verify the association between lncRNA NEAT1 and miR-22-3p. The results indicated that GAS could significantly improve the neurological scores of rats and reduce the area of cerebral infarction. Meanwhile, GAS inhibited pyroptosis by downregulating NLRP3, inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-18) and cleaved caspase-1. In addition, GAS attenuated I/R-induced inflammation in neuronal cells through the modulation of the lncRNA NEAT1/miR-22-3p axis. GAS significantly attenuated cerebral I/R injury via modulation of the lncRNA NEAT1/miR-22-3p axis. Thus, GAS might serve as a new agent for the treatment of cerebral I/R injury.

     

Predictive power of splenic thickness for post-hepatectomy liver failure in HBV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma patients

Background

The purpose of this case series is to investigate the relationship between splenic thickness (ST) and postoperative outcomes after hepatic resection in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients.

Methods

The clinical data of 320 patients with HBV-associated HCC who had undergone liver resection were retrospectively analyzed. The value of ST in predicting postoperative outcomes was evaluated.

Results

A total of 320 patients were enrolled in the study. An increase in ST was significantly associated with an increase in portal vein diameter (PVD), indocyanine green retention rate 15 min (ICG R15), and total bilirubin (TBIL); however, it was negatively correlated with platelet count (PLT). Post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) occurred in 35 (10.9%) patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that ST was an independent predictor of morbidity and mortality after hepatectomy. Meanwhile, ST was associated with an almost sixfold increased risk for developing perioperative complications (OR 5.678; 95% CI 2.873 to 11.224; P?<?0.001) and almost 13-fold increased risk for mortality after hepatectomy (OR 13.007; 95% CI 1.238 to 136.627; P?=?0.033).The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) of ST for predicting the incidence of PHLF was 0.754 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.667 to 0.841; P?<?0.001), with a sensitivity of 57.1% and a specificity of 82.5%, which were significantly greater than those of the ICG R15 level (AUC 0.670; 95% CI 0.560 to 0.779; P?<?0.001). The critical value of ST was 43.5 mm.

Conclusions

ST, which is an easy, inexpensive, and routinely available perioperative marker, showed a favorable predictive value for postoperative outcomes in HBV-associated HCC patients.

     

3.2%高效氯氰菊酯·甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐微乳剂对十字花科蔬菜主要害虫的控制作用

田间药效试验结果表明,3.2%高效氯氰菊酯·甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐微乳剂对十字花科蔬菜主要害虫甜菜夜蛾Spodoptera exigua(Hbner)、小菜蛾Plutella xylostella(L.)、菜青虫Pieris rapae(L.)和斜纹夜蛾Spodoptera litura(Fabricius)均具有优良的防治效果,并有较好的速效性和持效性。3.2%高效氯氰菊酯.甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐微乳剂20,25和30g/667m23个处理药后1d对甜菜夜蛾、小菜蛾、菜青虫和斜纹夜蛾的防治效果为60.67%～77.41%,药后3d的防治效果达81.82%～97.77%,药后7d的防治效果达83.74%～99.25%。3.2%高效氯氰菊酯.甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐微乳剂可以作为防治蔬菜主要害虫的有效药剂推广使用,推荐使用剂量为25～30g/667m2(12～14.4gai/hm2)。     

RAPD 技术在药用植物绞股蓝鉴别中的初步研究

运用RAPD技术对绞股蓝(Gynostemma pentaphyllum)及其伪品进行DNA指纹图谱的鉴别研究.采用改进的CTAB法提取七叶绞股蓝、五叶绞股蓝、乌蔹莓(Cayratia japonica)3种植物的总DNA,主要以七叶绞股蓝DNA为模板,采用随机引物WGS001进行PCR扩增,对反应体系包括模板、Mg2 、Taq酶、牛血清白蛋白(BSA)、退火温度进行优化.优化的反应体系总体积25 μL ,含MgCl2 2 mmol/L、dNTP 0.2 mmol/L、引物 0.4 μmol/L、模板60 ng、Taq 酶1 U、BSA 2 μg/μL,退火温度58℃.用10条含20个碱基的随机引物对以上3种植物总DNA作PCR扩增,进行引物筛选.筛选得到的两条随机引物(WGS001、WGS004)可扩增得到识别这些物种基因组DNA的多态性片段.这些片段可以有效地鉴别绞股蓝和乌蔹莓.     

Effects of abamectin selection on the genetic differentiation within Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) based on amplified fragment length polymorphism

Abstract Diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) is one of the most serious insect pests for its remarkable ability to develop resistance to virtually every insecticide that has been used against it. In the present study, amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) is used to study the genetic differentiation as well as the effects of abamectin-selection on population genetic differentiation for P. xylostella. A dendrogram was constructed from the matrix of genetic distances using the STATISTICA software (Version 4.5) and unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic averages (UPGMA). The data demonstrated that compared to the susceptible strain (ABM-s), the heterozygosity in the abamectin-resistant strain (ABM-r) decreased with the increased selection pressure and resistant level. When the resistance ratio was below 4.3, there was no significant differentiation at the genome DNA level. When the resistance ratio reached 5.8, a fairly significant differentiation began to appear, and when the resistance ratio reached and exceeded 8.1, there appeared a significant genetic differentiation. The results suggest that abamectin selection is associated with increased genetic polymorphism in P. xylostella.