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1.
D. Haferburg R. Hommel H.-P. Kleber S. Kluge G. Schuster H.-J. Zschiegner 《Engineering in Life Science》1987,7(4):353-356
A rhamnolipid released by Pseudomonas aeruginosa 196 Aa into the culture medium reduced the number of local lesions induced by tobacco mosaic virus on leaves of the hypersensitive host Nicotiana glutinosa L. by up to 90%. The content of potato virus X in the systemically infected host Nicotiana tabacum L. ‘Samsun’ is decreased in inoculated as well as in secondarily infected leaves by up to 50%. In a smaller degree red clover mottle virus is influenced in the systemic host Pisum sativumconvar.speciosum (Dierb.) Alef ‘Nadja’. 相似文献
2.
The effects of an extracellular microbial glycolipid, the interfacial active lactonic sophoroselipid, and of Triton X-100 on strains of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus are compared. Sophoroselipid diminished growth rates on n-heptadecane. Both surfactants led to the excretion of enzyme activities into the culture medium. Sophoroselipid increased the release of cytoplasmic malate dehydrogenase whereas in presence of Triton X-100 the quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase was also excreted in large amounts. 相似文献
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Formation and physiological role of biosurfactants produced by hydrocarbon-utilizing microorganisms 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
Rolf K. Hommel 《Biodegradation》1990,1(2-3):107-119
Microbial growth on water-insoluble carbon sources such as hydrocarbons is accompanied by metabolic and structural alterations of the cell. The appearance of surface-active compounds (biosurfactants) in the culture medium or attached to the cell boundaries is often regarded as a prerequisite for initial interactions of hydrocarbons with the microbial cell. Under this point of view, biosurfactants produced by hydrocarbon-utilizing microorganisms, their structures and physico-chemical properties are reviewed. The production of such compounds is mostly connected with growth limitation in the late logarithmic and the stationary growth phase, in which specific enzymes are induced or derepressed. Addition of purified biosurfactants to microbial cultures resulted in inhibitory as well as in stimulatory effects on growth. Therefore, a more differentiated view of microbial production of surface-active compounds is proposed. Biosurfactants should not only be regarded as prerequisites of hydrocarbon uptake, but also as secondary metabolic products. 相似文献
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Max Häggblom Juha Apajalahti Mirja Salkinoja-Salonen 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》1986,24(5):397-404
Summary A polychlorophenol degrader, Rhodococcus chlorophenolicus, was shown to metabolize five different chlorinated guaiacols, namely tetrachloroguaiacol, 3,4,6-trichloroguaiacol, 3,5,6-trichloroguaiacol, 3,5-dichloroguaiacol and 3,6-dichloroguaiacol. Seven different intermediate metabolites, each with three hydroxyl or methoxyl groups, were identified. Four of these metabolites were also dehalogenation products, three carrying one chlorine atom less than the parent compound, and one metabolite from tetrachloroguaiacol where two chlorine atoms had been removed. Tetrachloroguaiacol was shown to undergo reductive dehalogenation. Demethylation of guaiacol to catechol was observed with the dichloroguaiacols, but not with polychloroguaiacols.Abbreviations DCG
dichloroguaiacol
- TCG
trichloroguaiacol
- TeCG
tetrachloroguaiacol
- DCC
dichlorocatechol
- TCC
trichlorocatechol
- TeCC
tetrachlorocatechol
- TCP
trichlorophenol
- TeCP
tetrachlorophenol
- PCP
pentachlorophenol. An example of numeration
- 346-TCG
3,4,6-trichloroguaiacol
- GLC
gas liquid chromatography 相似文献
8.
Juha H. A. Apajalahti Mirja S. Salkinoja-Salonen 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》1986,25(1):62-67
Summary An actinomycete, Rhodococcus chlorophenolicus, isolated from a pentachlorophenol-degrading mixed bacterial culture is a polychlorophenol degrader. It was shown to oxidize pentachlorophenol into carbon dioxide and to metabolize also 2,3,4,5-,2,3,4,6-, and 2,3,5,6-tetrachlorophenol, 2,3,4-, 2,3,5-, 2,3,6-, 2,4,6-, and 2,4,5-trichlorophenol, 2,5-, and 2,6-dichlorophenol and tetrachloro-p-hydroquinone in an inducible manner. Pentachlorophenol set on the synthesis of enzymes required for the metabolism of all these chlorophenols and of tetrachloro-p-hydroquinone. 2,4,5-, and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol and 2,5-, and 2,6-dichlorophenol were degraded by R. chlorophenolicus cells only if these had previous contact to pentachlorophenol. Other chlorophenols mentioned were able to set on the synthesis of enzymes for their own degradation. 2,3,4,5-, and 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol, and 2,3,5-, 2,4,5-, and 3,4,5-trichlorophenol were more toxic to R. chlorophenolicus than the other chlorophenols, but nevertheless 2,3,4,5-, and 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol and 2,3,5-trichlorophenol were readily degraded by the bacteria.Abbreviations DCP
dichlorophenol
- TCP
trichlorophenol
- TeCP
tetrachlorophenol
- PCP
pentachlorophenol
- TeCH
tetrachloro-p-hydroquinone
An example of numeration: 2345-TeCP, 2,3,4,5-tetrachlorophenol 相似文献
9.
E Hommel H H Parving E Mathiesen B Edsberg M Damkjaer Nielsen J Giese 《BMJ (Clinical research ed.)》1986,293(6545):467-470
The influence of angiotensin II on kidney function in diabetic nephropathy was assessed by studying the effect of 12 weeks'' monotherapy with captopril (25-50 mg twice a day) in 16 hypertensive insulin dependent diabetic patients with persistent albuminuria. In an initial one week randomised single blind trial of captopril versus placebo, captopril (for nine patients) reduced arterial blood pressure from 148/94 (SD11/6) to 135/88 (8/7) mm Hg (p less than 0.05) and albuminuria from 1549 (range 352-2238) to 1170 (297-2198) micrograms/min (p less than 0.05), while glomerular filtration rate remained stable. No significant changes occurred in seven patients treated with placebo. During the 12 weeks of captopril treatment arterial blood pressure in all patients fell from 147/94 (11/6) to 135/86 (13/7) mm Hg (p less than 0.01), albuminuria fell from 1589 (range 168-2588) to 1075 (35-2647) micrograms/min (p less than 0.01), and glomerular filtration rate fell from 99 (SD19) to 93 (25) ml/min/1.73 m2 (p less than 0.01). The renin-angiotensin system showed suppressed plasma concentrations of angiotensin II and increased concentrations of angiotensin I and renin. The study showed that glomerular filtration rate is not dependent on angiotensin II, that captopril reduces albuminuria, probably by lowering glomerular hypertension, and that captopril represents a valuable new drug for treating hypertension in diabetics dependent on insulin with nephropathy. 相似文献
10.
Summary New H2O-selective homonuclear and heteronuclear 2D NMR experiments have been designed for the observation of protein hydration (PHOGSY, Protein Hydration Observed by Gradient Spectroscop Y). These experiments utilize selective excitation of the H2O resonance and pulsed field gradients for coherence selection and efficient H2O suppression. The method allows for a rapid and sensitive detection of H2O molecules in labelled and unlabelled proteins. In addition it opens a way to measure the residence time of water bound to proteins. Its application to uniformly 15N-labelled FKBP-12 (FK-506 binding protein) is demonstrated. 相似文献