山西省异爪蝗属二新种（直翅目：网翅蝗科）

本文记述在晋南地区采到的异爪蝗属二新种,黑条异爪蝗Euchorthippus nigiliineatus sp.nov.及曲线异爪蝗Eochorthippus sinucarinatus sp.nov.     

Effect of high temperature on calcium uptake by suspension-cultured pear fruit cells

Uptake of Ca²⁺ by suspension-cultured pear (Pyrus communis L. cv Passe Crassane) cells and protoplasts was significantly enhanced by exposure to 38°C compared to 25°C. The increased uptake was specific for Ca²⁺ and was not due to cell wall binding. Tissues pretreated at 38°C showed increased uptake even upon return to 25°C. Treatment with carbonylcyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone, salicylhydroxamic acid + KCN, or arsenite also increased Ca²⁺ content of cells. Results are discussed with regard to membrane permeability changes, the cellular control of Ca²⁺, and heat treatments used to inhibit softening of fruit during postharvest storage.     

Changes in the Physical State of Membrane Lipids during Senescence of Rose Petals

Changes in the physical state of microsomal membrane lipids during senescence of rose flower petals (Rosa hyb. L. cv Mercedes) were measured by x-ray diffraction analysis. During senescence of cut flowers held at 22°C, lipid in the ordered, gel phase appeared in the otherwise disordered, liquid-crystalline phase lipids of the membranes. This was due to an increase in the phase transition temperature of the lipids. The proportion of gel phase in the membrane lipids of 2-day-old flowers was estimated as about 20% at 22°C. Ethylene may be responsible, at least in part, for the increase in lipid transition temperature during senescence since aminooxyacetic acid and silver thiosulfate inhibited the rise in transition temperature. When flowers were stored at 3°C for 10 to 17 days and then transferrd to 22°C, gel phase lipid appeared in membranes earlier than in freshly cut flowers. This advanced senescence was the result of aging at 3°C, indicated by increases in membrane lipid transition temperature and ethylene production rate during the time at 3°C. It is concluded that changes in the physical state of membrane lipids are an integral part of senescence of rose petals, that they are caused, at least in part, by ethylene action and that they are responsible, at least in part, for the increase in membrane permeability which precedes flower death.     

明胶-戊二醛固定化细胞的改进

采用明胶-戊二醛在有机溶液中成球的方法制备固定化细胞,方法简便,固定化细胞酶活力为6.25—6.75单位/g(湿重)。用该固定化细胞裂解3.0—8.0%的青霉素溶液,裂解率达95.3%以上。裂解液经过浓缩后提取6-APA,产率为86.3%,不经浓缩直接提取6-APA,产品收率为72.4%,产品质量合格。     

简介《关于啮齿类进化关系的多学科分析》

<正> 啮齿类是在生存竞争中最成功的一类哺乳动物.它们一直受到实验和进化生物学家的特别关注.最近几十年来,有关现生和化石啮齿类的新资料急剧增加.特别是关于啮齿目起源,进化以及它和其它有关门类的系统关系,许多有关学科(如古生物学、胚胎学、比较解剖学、分子生物学、遗传学、细胞发生学等)从各自不同的角度提出了许多意想不到的新见解、新设想,使关于啮齿类的研究呈现出一片生气勃勃的景