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排序方式: 共有63条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Summary The use of reticulated polyurethane foam as a support material for the immobilization of methanogenic associations and its application to the anaerobic treatment of fine particulate solid wastes was investigated. The colonization of polyurethane support particles in a continuous upflow reactor fed on a mixture of acetate, propionate and butyrate, was both rapid and dense. The combination of rumen microorganisms and colonized support particles in a two-phase digester resulted in an efficient anaerobic decomposition of papermill sludge. 相似文献
2.
Cappon GD 《Birth defects research. Part B, Developmental and reproductive toxicology》2011,92(4):269-272
The earlier inclusion of children into clinical trials has challenged toxicologists to develop nonclinical strategies to support these trials early in the drug development process, and the routine practise of global development strategies (i.e., concomitant development and filing in multiple geographical regions) adds another complication. Ideally, one would like to develop a stagey that would meet regulatory requirements from all regions. This presentation illustrated the challenges faced in developing a strategy regarding the need to perform a toxicity study in juvenile animals and the design of any necessary study that will receive global regulatory agreement. 相似文献
3.
The Helicobacter pylori VacA cytotoxin activates RBL-2H3 cells by inducing cytosolic calcium oscillations 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
de Bernard M Cappon A Pancotto L Ruggiero P Rivera J Del Giudice G Montecucco C 《Cellular microbiology》2005,7(2):191-198
Helicobacter pylori causes an acute inflammatory response followed by chronic infection of the human gastric mucosa. Identification of the bacterial molecules endowed with a pro-inflammatory activity is essential to a molecular understanding of the pathogenesis of H. pylori associated diseases. The vacuolating cytotoxin A (VacA) induces mast cells to release pro-inflammatory cytokines. Here, we show that VacA activates the mast cell line RBL-2H3 by rapidly inducing an oscillation of the level of cytosolic calcium with exocytosis of secretory granules. Cytosolic calcium derives mainly from intracellular stores. VacA also stimulates a calcium-dependent production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha). These observations indicate that VacA may act as a pro-inflammatory factor of H. pylori at very early stages of the innate immune response. 相似文献
4.
AB Chang NC Cox J Purcell JM Marchant PJ Lewindon GJ Cleghorn LC Ee GD Withers MK Patrick J Faoagali 《Respiratory research》2005,6(1):1-5
Background and methods
Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is a recently discovered respiratory virus associated with bronchiolitis, pneumonia, croup and exacerbations of asthma. Since respiratory viruses are frequently detected in patients with acute exacerbations of COPD (AE-COPD) it was our aim to investigate the frequency of hMPV detection in a prospective cohort of hospitalized patients with AE-COPD compared to patients with stable COPD and to smokers without by means of quantitative real-time RT-PCR.Results
We analysed nasal lavage and induced sputum of 130 patients with AE-COPD, 65 patients with stable COPD and 34 smokers without COPD. HMPV was detected in 3/130 (2.3%) AE-COPD patients with a mean of 6.5 × 105 viral copies/ml in nasal lavage and 1.88 × 105 viral copies/ml in induced sputum. It was not found in patients with stable COPD or smokers without COPD.Conclusion
HMPV is only found in a very small number of patients with AE-COPD. However it should be considered as a further possible viral trigger of AE-COPD because asymptomatic carriage is unlikely. 相似文献5.
Fleeman TL Cappon GD Chapin RE Hurtt ME 《Birth defects research. Part B, Developmental and reproductive toxicology》2005,74(5):442-449
BACKGROUND: Given the role of nutrition and body weight gain in normal development, pharmaceuticals intended to reduce appetite and promote weight loss will generate safety data that may be challenging to interpret. To aid with this, the effects of feed restriction and subsequent body weight reductions on embryo-fetal development were investigated in the rat. METHODS: Groups of 20 timed pregnant female Sprague-Dawley rats were offered Certified Rodent Diet 5002 either ad libitum or in restricted amounts of 20, 15, 10, and 7.5 g/day from Gestation Day (GD) 6-17. Clinical signs, body weights, and food consumption were recorded. Cesarean sections were performed on GD 21 and fetuses were sexed, weighed, and examined for external, visceral, and skeletal development. RESULTS: Mean maternal body weights at the end of the feed restriction period, GD 18, were reduced 0.87 x, 0.80 x, 0.69 x, and 0.63 x control mean in the 20, 15, 10, and 7.5 g/day groups, respectively. Mean body weight gains for the restriction period inclusive, GD 6-18, were 0.49 x and 0.24 x control at 10 and 7.5 g/day, respectively, and a mean body weight loss occurred at 10 and 7.5 g/day (0.95 x and 0.85 x mean GD 6 body weight, respectively). Fetal body weights were reduced 0.95 x, 0.93 x, 0.90 x, and 0.76 x control at 20, 15, 10, and 7.5 g/day, respectively. This resulted in a reduction in gravid uterine weight at 10 and 7.5 g/day. There were no external, visceral, or skeletal malformations attributed to feed restriction. There was an increase in the skeletal variation of wavy ribs and a decrease in ossification at 7.5 g/day. CONCLUSIONS: These data demonstrate that feed restriction-induced reductions in maternal gestational body weight gain of approximately 50% compared to ab lib fed rats only caused a reduction in fetal body weight. Even up to a 15% maternal gestational body weight loss had no effect on embryo viability in rats, but retarded fetal growth significantly enough to induce minor changes in skeletal development. There were no external, visceral, or skeletal malformations associated with any of the levels of maternal body weight reduction or loss. 相似文献
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7.
D. Cappon 《BMJ (Clinical research ed.)》1948,2(4587):997-998
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10.
Olfactory contribution to Fos expression during mating in inexperienced male hamsters 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Male hamsters are very dependent on chemosensory cues for normal mating
behavior. We have previously reported that central, vomeronasal pathways
are intensely and selectively activated during mating or pheromonal
stimulation. The contribution of main olfactory sensory input to the
patterns of c-fos activation was investigated in this study. Sexually
inexperienced male hamsters were either made anosmic by intranasal infusion
of zinc sulfate or remained intact. Fos protein immunoreactivity was
analyzed in main olfactory and vomeronasal pathways of the zinc
sulfate-treated, anosmic animals after mating with receptive females for 45
min, and compared with Fos patterns seen in intact mating animals, some of
which have been described in a previous publication. The zinc
sulfate-treated anosmic males described here all mated when given access to
receptive females. Whether mated or unstimulated, anosmic males had little
or no Fos expression in main olfactory pathways; significantly less even
than in unstimulated intact animals. Mating did not increase Fos expression
in main olfactory pathways of intact animals over that of unstimulated
intact controls. However, Fos expression in central vomeronasal pathways
was significantly higher in mating anosmic males, as in intact males,
compared with appropriate non-mating controls. Fos expression was
significantly different between intact and zinc sulfate-treated anosmic
mating males in only one area studied. The rostral anterior medial
amygdala, known to receive a small olfactory terminal field, had
significantly lower Fos expression in zinc sulfate-treated anosmic males
that mated when compared with intact-mating animals. Thus, functional main
olfactory input to the rostral vomeronasal amygdala can be demonstrated but
does not appear to be critical for mating behavior in previously
inexperienced male hamsters with intact vomeronasal organs. Other main
olfactory input appears to have a negligible contribution to Fos-patterns
in such animals.
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