正常中国人中枢运动系统传导时间的测定

本文应用高电压、低输出阻抗刺激器,经皮给予大脑皮层和脊髓电刺激(BSPES),同时在上肢鱼际(Thenar)和下肢胫骨前肌(Muscle tibialis anterior)上记录诱发肌肉动作电位,测定了64名正常健康中国人(男:46;女:18)的中枢运动系统传导时间。受试者年龄为20—67岁,身高为156—185cm。刺激大脑皮层出现反应的潜伏期与刺激脊髓出现反应的潜伏期之差为中枢运动传导时间(CMCT)。实验测得鱼际的 CMCT 为6.69±1.48ms;胫骨前肌的 CMCT 为12.90±1.59ms。经统计学处理证明,CMCT 与左右侧肢体、性别、年龄及身高无关。说明 CMCT 是无损伤测定与评价中枢运动系统功能的较精确的一种客观指标。本文根据所测数据,计算出脊髓内运动传导速度为71.34±10.89 m/s,与文献报道的锥体束传导速度50—70 m/s 相近。因此,CMCT 反映了锥体束的传导时间。     

Age-related characteristics of postradiation regeneration of the blood system

This study was pursued on hybrid (CBA X C57Bl)F1 mice at the ages of 17 and 27 months irradiated at a dose of 4 Gy. It was shown that the postirradiation recovery of haemopoiesis in old mice was the same as in the young (2-3 month-old), and in some respects (for instance, granulocytic and erythroid cells of the bone marrow, and CFUc) the recovery was even more active exhibiting a period of a pronounced hyperregeneration.     

酪氨酸对大鼠子宫胞浆雌,孕激素受体的影响

采用放射受体分析法,测定了动情周期不同阶段及去卵巢大鼠子宫胞浆雌二醇和孕酮受体含量,并观察了子宫腔内注射酪、丝、苏三种氨基酸对子宫胞浆雌。醇、孕酮受体含量的影响。结果表明：（１）Ｌ－酪氨酸对动情前期、动情期、间情期大鼠子宫胞浆雌二醇和孕酮受体都具有明显的降低作用。（２）Ｌ－酪氨酸也降低去卵巢大鼠子宫胞浆雌二醇和孕酮含量,即这一作用不是通过影响卵巢激素分泌实现的。（３）Ｌ－苏氨酸仅可降低动情期和间情期大鼠子宫胞浆孕酮受体含量,而对相应周期雌二醇受体没有明显作用。（４）Ｌ－丝氨酸和Ｌ－苏氨酸对去卵巢大鼠子宫胞浆雌二醇和孕酮受体均无影响。     

乙烯消减盐渍胁迫对苜蓿种子萌发的抑制作用

在无盐条件下,外源乙烯对苜蓿种子萌发有促进作用,但对最终发芽率无影响。盐渍严重抑制苜蓿种子萌发,加入１～５０μｌ／Ｌ（ｖ／ｖ）外源乙烯或０．１～５．０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ１－氨基环丙烷－１－羧酸（ＡＣＣ）或５～１００ｍｇ／Ｌ（ｗ／ｖ）乙烯利（ＥＴＨ）均能极显著地减轻ＮａＣｌ对苜蓿种子萌发的抑制作用。激动素（ＫＴ）也有类似作用,并能促进萌发种子的乙烯产生,它与ＡＣＣ一起使用,则对种子萌发和乙烯产生均显示加成作用。在ＮａＣｌ胁迫下,应用乙烯和乙烯利虽有利萌发,但幼芽鲜重和下胚轴长度明显低于无盐对照。     

草鱼、鲤、鲢、鳙和尼罗罗非鱼肝胰脏和肠道蛋白酶活性的初步探讨

草鱼、鲤、鲢、鳙肝胰脏和肠蛋白酶的最适pH值分别为8.7、8.7、7.6、7.6和8.4、8.7、8.0、8.4。草鱼、鲤和尼罗罗非鱼的肝胰脏蛋白酶活性比肠的高;鲢和鳙的肝胰脏蛋白酶的活性却比肠的低;尼罗罗非鱼胃的蛋白酶活性明显高于肝胰脏和肠的。草鱼、鲤和尼罗罗非鱼的肝胰脏蛋白酶活性明显高于鲢和鳙的;5种鱼的肠蛋白酶活性,鲤最高,尼罗罗非鱼最低,草鱼、鲢、鳙和尼罗罗非鱼间蛋白酶活性无明显差异。草鱼、鲤、鲢和尼罗罗非鱼的肠蛋白酶活性由前向后递减,而鳙的则以中肠活性最高。     

热岛效应下亚热带城市植被叶气孔权衡特征及其与叶功能性状的关系

叶片气孔不仅是植物平衡光合-蒸腾关系的重要门户,也是影响大气碳循环与水循环的关键结构。分析热岛效应下福州市乔木、灌木、草本3种生活型和常绿、落叶2种叶习性植物的气孔性状间的差异及其与其他叶功能性状间的权衡关系有助于探究不同类型植物在热环境下的适应策略。以福州市区的自然和半自然植被为研究对象,测定441个植物样本的气孔特征、化学计量特征和形态特征,结果表明：（1）3种生活型、2种叶习性植物的气孔长度（SL）、气孔密度（SD）差异显著（P<0.05）,潜在气孔导度指数（PCI）不存在显著差异（P>0.05）。草本的SL高于灌木和乔木,乔木的SD最高,灌木次之,草本最低;落叶植物的SL高于常绿植物,SD低于常绿植物。（2）SL与SD间的权衡关系稳定存在于3种生活型和2种叶习性植物中,且随着不同生活型和落叶习性植物的生态策略而呈现各异的权衡特征,即当SL一定时,乔木的SD最大,灌木的SD最小,常绿植物的SD大于落叶植物。（3）气孔性状和叶片形态、化学计量特征紧密联系,SL与比叶面积（SLA）正相关（P<0.01）,与叶面积（LA）负相关（P<0.01）;SD与叶氮含量（LNC）、叶磷含量（LPC）、SLA负相关（P<0.01）,与LA正相关（P<0.01）;PCI与LNC、SLA负相关（P<0.01）,与叶厚度（LT）正相关（P<0.05）。（4）复杂的环境是气孔性状变异的重要驱动因素,SL、PCI均与年均温（MAT）负相关（P<0.05）。     

人胚DA能神经元移植于帕金森氏病猴模型的TH免疫细胞化学的研究

为了对人胚黑质ＤＡ神经元移植治疗ＰＤ人的临床应用作出客观评估,将８－１２周人胚黑质细胞移植到用ＭＰＴＰ诱发的偏侧ＰＤ猴新纹状体内。实验动物分别存活２个月、５个月和１年后,用ＴＨ免疫细胞化学方法对被移植的人胚ＤＡ细胞的存活和与宿主间的突触联系进行检查。在光镜下可见被移植侧的新纹状体内有ＴＨ阳性细胞,它们成小群散在分布,每小群有３－１０个细胞。ＴＨ阳性细胞的轴突延伸到整个新纹状体,树突呈现出正常发育过     

Effect of exposure to stress on the role of T- and B-lymphocytes in the response of the hematopoietic system

Cellular composition of the bone marrow, spleen and peripheral blood was studied after 6-hour immobilization on the back in experiments on 4 groups of (CBAxC57BL)F1 mice with varying degree of T lymphocyte deficiency (thymectomy, sham thymectomy, administration of antilymphocytic serum, B mice). The evidence obtained shows that the "lymphoid peak" recorded in the bone marrow during stress is likely to be formed at the expense of T and B lymphocyte migration from the peripheral lymphoid organs. The data have been also obtained, indicating that T lymphocytes migrating to the bone marrow during the first 6-9 hours after the exposure to stress may participate in granulocytopoiesis activation.     

Properties of a Candida albicans strain possessing an increased sensitivity to polyene antibiotics]

Characteristics of a mutant of the yeast-like fungus Candida albicans with increased sensitivity to amphotericin B, levorin and nystatin is presented. Increased sensitivity to the polyens in the isolate must be associated with changes in the cell wall and/or with decreased total viability of the strain. The following factors were in favour of this: presence of significant amounts of pseudomycelial cells with thinner cell walls as compared to the yeast cells in the population of the mutant strain; a higher rate of potassium liberation from the cells of the mutant strain in the presence of amphotericin B; a lower growth rate of the mutant strain on solid and liquid media; an increased death rate of the cells in the intact culture of the mutant strain as compared to the initial strain; absence of changes in the absorption spectrum of sterols isolated from the cells of the mutant strain as compared to the initial culture.