抗旱作物上岗记

一边是水资源的严重短缺，一边是干旱导致的农业减产，无疑使世界粮食危机雪上加霜。水资源正成为世界多数国家制约农业发展的重要因素，培育“不怕渴”农作物品种成为摆在世界育种学家面前的共同难题，也是节水农业中最有效的技术手段。     

Mitosis and microtubule organizational changes in rice root-tip cells

The pattern of change of the microtubule cytoskeleton of the root-tip cells of rice during mitosis was studied using immunofluorescence technic and confocal laser scanning microscopy. All the major stages of ceil division including preprophase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase were observed. The most significant finding was that in the preprophase cells microtubules radiating from the nuclear surface to the cortex were frequently seen. During development these microtubules became closely associated with the preprophase band and prophase spindie indicating that the microtubules radiating from the nuclear surface, the preprophase band and the prophazc spindle were structurally and functionally closely related to each other. Granule-like anchorage sites for the radiating microtubules at the muclear surface were often seen and the possibility that these gramle-like anchorage sites might represent the microtubule organizing centres was discussed.     

A Technique to Analyse Succession Data from Permanent Plots

IIntroductionSuccessionstudyIsaspeclalfleldInvegetationecology（Greig—Smith1983）．ItreferstocummulatlvechangeInvegetationovertime．Florl幻IcgradientsIndicativeofsuccessionaltrendsmayemergefromconventionalordinationIfextrinsic！nformatlonallowsthemtobel－dentlfledassuch．Inthespedalcaseofforestvegetation,forInstance,Informationonthesize—classesoftreespedespresentmaypermitsuccessionalgradientslobeldentlfleddirectly（Goff1968,Carleton＆Maycock1978）．Fewauthors,however,haveattempted…     

Changes of intracellular Na+ concentration in erythrocytes caused by pulsed electrical field

Changes of sodium ionic concentration of human erythrocytes applied to pulsed electrical field (PEF) were studied by using shift reagent and NMR spectroscopy. The results show that the concentration of intracellular Na⁺ increases with the increasing intensity of PEF when the erythrocytes are applied to PEF with higher intensities. The relationship between intracellular Na concentrations and the intensities of PEF does not follow linear or exponen-tial behavior. As the intensities increase, the intracellular Na⁺concentrations increase even faster by an exponential curve. However under effects of PEF at lower intensities, intracellular Na⁺ concentration decreases. Ouabain can in-hibit the decrease of intracellular Na concentration, and the inhibition increases with the increasing concentration of ouabain, suggesting that Na⁺ , K⁺ -ATPase on cell membrane can be activated by PEF at lower intensities. Direct measurement of activities of the enzyme by using Malachite green method has confirmed this observation. Cell perme-abilities to ions, activation of enzymes by electrical fields and transmission of physical signals like PEF across cell mem-branes are discussed.     

植物色氨酸一天冬氨酸重复序列蛋白响应逆境胁迫的调控作用

干旱、盐渍、低温等逆境胁迫会严重影响植物的正常生长发育,导致植物的许多响应基因被诱导表达,其蛋白质产物能够保护植物免受胁迫的伤害。色氨酸一天冬氨酸重复序列蛋白（wD40蛋自）在植物中广泛存在,参与植物体内众多代谢反应的调控,如花的发育、开花、花青素的生物合成、激素响应、渗透胁迫等。WD40蛋白含有40-60个氨基酸的保守的wD重复序列,其c末端为色氨酸．天冬氨酸（Trp-Asp,WD）,形成一个p螺旋桨（p—propeller）结构,通过调节多蛋白复合体的组装而影响蛋白质与蛋白质、蛋白质与DNA间的相互作用。本文综述植物WD40蛋白响应逆境胁迫的调控作用。     

盐穗木过氧化氢酶基因的克隆与功能分析

利用同源基因克隆法,从新疆荒漠盐碱地多年生灌木盐穗木(Halostachys caspica)中克隆获得盐穗木过氧化氢酶基因(HcCAT1)。序列分析表明,HcCAT1基因开放阅读框为1 479 bp,编码492个氨基酸,推测编码蛋白质的分子量为56.7 kD,等电点为6.84。基因序列比对发现,HcCAT1与多种植物过氧化氢酶基因具有较高的同源性。半定量RT-PCR结果表明,HcCAT1基因受盐胁迫而上调表达。将构建的重组质粒pET32a-HcCAT1转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),以IPTG诱导重组蛋白His-HcCAT1的表达;SDS-PAGE和Western印迹检测显示,重组蛋白的分子量大小为77.7 kD,其大小与推测的大小一致;在低温诱导下以可溶性形式表达,且表现出一定的过氧化氢酶活性。盐胁迫实验结果显示,在添加400 mmol/L NaCl、400 mmol/L KCl以及300 mmol/L甘露醇的LB培养基中,重组质粒转化菌的生长情况和生长速率明显优于对照,表明HcCAT1可明显提高大肠杆菌的耐盐性。该研究结果将有助于从抗氧化角度认识盐生植物盐穗木的耐盐分子机理。     

美丽的草原，我的家

“敕勒川,阴山下,天似穹庐,笼盖四野。天苍苍,野茫茫,风吹草低见牛羊”。内蒙古自治区从东到西跨度达4000千米,自然条件复杂,生物种类丰富,植物群落和植被类型繁多。呈现森林、森林草原、典型草原、荒漠草原、荒漠、湿地等多种     

神奇的营养素

研究表明,人体需要大约40种维生素和矿物质。虽然人们吃下去丰富的食物,但获得的某些至关重要的维生素和矿物质却仍然太少。究竟什么样的合理饮食才能使人们生活得更好呢?     

沉浸雨林

作为中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园的研究生,第一年要到位于北京的研究生院完成理论学习。虽然是理论学习,但已经不再是看书、听课、考试的程式化生活了,除了课程,还要大量阅读国内外的专业文献,为学位论文的选题和论证做好准备。在堆积如山的文献面前,曾经认为很有新意的选题却早有研究报道了,要凝练     

利用毕赤酵母表达外源蛋白的研究

综述了毕赤酵母表达系统的优越性、表达受体菌和表达载体、酵母转化、分泌信号、翻译后加工和修饰等特点,以及广泛的医用、商业用途,在理论研究特别是蛋白质结构与功能：疗面的潜在应用价值。