噬菌体对产肠毒素大肠杆菌菌型的鉴别

从上海近郊采集的82份污水中,分离到产肠毒素(LT、ST、LT+ST)大肠杆菌噬菌体46株,根据噬菌体的特性,选择19株,试用为产肠毒素大肠杆菌菌型的鉴别,对世界卫生组织、卫生部药品生物制品检定所提供的产肠毒素大肠杆菌75株和福建省卫生防疫站提供的产肠毒素大肠杆菌51株进行了型别的分析,总分型率达98.41％。并研究排除分型试验中可能出现的假阳性结果。     

药用植物肿节枫诱导前噬菌体有效组分的分析

在11种溶原性细菌系统中,以双层琼脂平板-纸片法检测药用植物肿节枫对前噬菌体的诱导作用,表明温和性噬菌体φ52 Ⅰ溶原化的金黄色葡萄球菌2009,对肿节枫的诱导反应最为敏感。其它溶原性菌株,包括曾用以筛选抗肿瘤药物的大肠杆菌K_(12)(λ)-K_(12)S系统都呈阴性反应。化学成分的进一步分析说明,仅肿节枫黄酮糖苷组分Ⅰ具有诱导活性。并与丝裂霉素C作了比较。     

白喉毒素的双重溶原性转换的研究

从白喉噬菌体β和r杂交,分离得到一株白喉噬菌体的重组子一、具有亲代噬菌体β产生毒紊的溶原性转换能力,即带有β的毒素基因(tox)和噬菌体r的溶原性免疫性的特征。该噬菌体再感染单溶原性产毒菌株C7(β),得到双重溶原性菌株,携带了两个前噬菌体及其所带有的两个毒素基因,菌株产毒能力单溶原性亲代株高。     

噬菌蛭弧菌简易保藏方法的研究

本文报道了细菌寄生菌——噬菌蛭弧菌在自来水宿主软琼脂中于4℃冰箱至少可存活3个月以上,一般为5—8个月左右,最长可达18个月。但在自来水宿主双层琼脂平板上形成的噬斑数目,随着保存时间的延长,则有不同程度的减少。     

噬菌蛭弧菌简易保存方法的研究

本文报道了噬菌蛭弧菌在自来水宿主软琼脂中,于4℃环境(冰箱)存活的时间.发现噬菌蛭弧菌在自来水宿主软琼脂中,于4℃冰箱中保存,至少可以存活3个月以上,一般为5～8个月左右,最长时间可达18个月。但在自来水宿主双层琼脂平板上形成的噬斑数目,随着保存时间的延长,则有不同程度的减少。     

磁共振谱在肿瘤细胞生物学及抗肿瘤药物研究中的应用

磁共振谱对生物体无损伤性,无破坏性,对化学反应无干扰性,在医学生物学领域得到了广泛应用。本文介绍磁共振谱中的１Ｈ、１３Ｃ、１９Ｆ、３１Ｐ谱在细胞生物学研究中的应用和方法学。另外还介绍了目前３１Ｐ谱在肿瘤细胞生物学和抗肿瘤药物研究中的应用。     

理解运动行为抑制调控的新视角：乙酰胆碱门控氯离子通道受体

Acetylcholine, the first identified neurotransmitter, plays crucial roles in various brain functions. One well-known case is its involvement as an activating neurotransmitter in the regulation of locomotion. However, its inhibitory regulatory role, particularly in locomotion, remains poorly understood. In a study conducted by Polat et al., the authors investigated the inhibitory role of acetylcholine in locomotion in C. elegans. In this organism, the acetylcholine-gated chloride channel receptor consists of four subunits. The authors thoroughly examined the loss-of-function of each subunit in movement regulation. Interestingly, the mutant worms were still capable of performing various movements such as forward, backward crawling, and turning, suggesting that the overall movement was not significantly affected. However, quantitative behavior analysis revealed subtle yet significant differences in the timing and postures of the movement in these mutants. Furthermore, the authors employed optogenetics to stimulate a specific neuron involved in backward crawling and demonstrated that the loss-of-function of the receptors in individual neurons affects the transitioning between locomotion modes. This work provides evidence for the inhibitory regulatory role of acetylcholine in locomotion. The loss-of-function of acetylcholine-gated chloride channel receptors likely disrupts the balance of neuronal and circuit physiology, thereby affecting the regulation of locomotion. Moreover, this study highlights the powerful role of quantitative behavior analysis in discovering and understanding more sophisticated functions of neural circuits.     

兔肠道正常微生物群的研究

本研究利用稀释滴种的方法,对健康成年家兔回肠及结肠中消化球菌、韦荣氏球菌、梭状芽胞杆菌、优杆菌、双歧杆菌、乳杆菌、肠球菌、酵母菌和肠杆菌等１０种正常微生物群进行了计数分析,并获得其微生态数值,结果显示：结肠中微生物群的总体平均菌数显著高于小肠（Ｐ＜０．０１）;同一菌种在结肠内容物中的在有数量多于回肠;结肠中韦荣氏球菌、肠杆菌为优势菌群;回肠中双歧杆菌、酵母菌为优势菌群。