腹腔镜与经腹子宫肌瘤剔除术对有生育要求子宫肌瘤患者妊娠结局的影响及术后妊娠率的影响因素分析

摘要 目的：研究腹腔镜与经腹子宫肌瘤剔除术对有生育要求子宫肌瘤患者妊娠结局的影响及术后妊娠率的影响因素。方法：选取我院2018年4月至2021年4月收治的80例有生育要求的子宫肌瘤患者,其中接受经腹子宫肌瘤剔除术治疗的40例归为经腹组,接受腹腔镜子宫肌瘤剔除术治疗的40例归为腹腔镜组。比较两组手术疗效指标,术后并发症发生率以及术后妊娠率。此外,80例患者根据出院后1年是否妊娠分为妊娠组和未妊娠组,以多因素Logistic回归分析术后妊娠率的影响因素。结果：在术后失血量、肛门恢复排气时间以及住院时间方面比较,腹腔镜组均优于经腹组（P＜0.05）。腹腔镜组术后并发症发生率低于经腹组（P＜0.05）,两组术后妊娠率对比无统计学差异（P＞0.05）。单因素分析结果显示：年龄、肌瘤数目和子宫肌瘤剔除术患者术后是否妊娠有关（P＜0.05）,而孕次、肌瘤类型、肌瘤最大直径以及穿透宫腔与否和子宫肌瘤剔除术患者术后是否妊娠无关（P＞0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示：年龄≥35岁以及肌瘤多发是子宫肌瘤剔除术患者术后未妊娠的危险因素（P＜0.05）。结论：腹腔镜与经腹子宫肌瘤剔除术对有生育要求子宫肌瘤患者妊娠结局的影响程度相当,但腹腔镜术式有助于患者术后康复,同时降低并发症发生风险。此外,年龄较大和肌瘤数目较多会使子宫肌瘤剔除术患者术后妊娠难度增加。     

腹腔镜子宫肌瘤剔除术与开腹手术对子宫肌瘤患者内分泌状态、免疫功能和预后的影响

目的:探讨腹腔镜子宫肌瘤剔除术与开腹手术对子宫肌瘤患者内分泌状态、免疫功能和预后的影响。方法:选取2014年1月～2019年1月期间我院收治的子宫肌瘤患者90例,根据手术方式的不同将患者分为A组(n=44)和B组(n=46),A组予以开腹手术,B组予以腹腔镜子宫肌瘤剔除术,比较两组患者临床指标、内分泌状态、免疫功能、并发症及预后。结果:两组手术时间对比未见统计学差异(P0.05);B组术中出血量少于A组,住院时间、术后肛门排气恢复时间短于A组(P0.05)。两组术后1个月卵泡刺激素(FSH)、促黄体生成激素(LH)均较术前升高,雌二醇(E2)较术前降低(P0.05);B组术后1个月FSH、LH低于A组,E2则高于A组(P0.05)。两组术后1 d CD3~+、CD4~+、CD4~+/CD8~+均较术前降低,但B组高于A组(P0.05);CD8~+较术前升高,但B组低于A组(P0.05)。B组的并发症发生率低于A组(P0.05)。两组子宫形态正常率、复发率、月经转归正常率对比无差异(P0.05)。结论:与开腹手术相比,腹腔镜子宫肌瘤剔除术可明显减轻对子宫肌瘤患者机体内分泌状态、免疫功能的损害,促进患者术后恢复,减少并发症发生情况,同时还可获得与开腹手术相当的近期预后。     

Distribution of substance P (SP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in pseudocapsules of uterine fibroids

The authors examined the presence of Substance P (SP) and Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide (VIP) and their related fibers in the pseudocapsule of uterine fibroids (PUF) and in normal myometrium (NM) during myomectomies in 57 non-pregnant women. 4 samples were removed from the normal myometrium (NM) and from PUF. The samples were sent for histological and immune-fluorescent investigations. SP and VIP values were found non-significantly higher in PUF than in NM: SP values were 10.2 ± 0.1 conventional units (C.U.) in PUF at the fundus of the uterus (FU) vs. 8.1 ± 0.6 C.U. of NM in the FU (p > 0.05), and SP values were 25.1 ± 0.9 C.U. in PUF in the uterine body (UB) compared to. 23.2 ± 1.4 C.U. of NM in the myometrium of the UB (p > 0.05). VIP values were 11.5 ± 0.9 C.U. in the PUF in FU compared to 9.8 ± 1.4 C.U. of NM in the FU (p > 0.05), and VIP values were 33.9 ± 3.9 C.U. in the PUF in the UB vs. 32.6 ± 4.8 C.U. of the NM in the UB (p > 0.05). These findings show that SP and VIP neurofibers are present in the fibroid pseudocapsule, similar to the values in the normal myometrium of a non-pregnant uterus. An intracapsular myoma excision which respects the pseudocapsule permits a physiological healing process of the uterine scar, due to a neurotransmitter sparing at the hysterotomic site. In women planning pregnancy, the myomectomy should be preferably performed respecting the pseudocapsule in order to preserve the neurotransmission.