多功能植物增效剂防治害螨研究

多功能植物增效剂是由多种天然植物制成的水剂,属高新科技、专利产品(944110480x),对人畜无毒,不伤害天敌昆虫,无三废残留;与化学农药混用,可节省化学农药50～90％,降低空间毒性,减轻污染和残留,而防效接近或高于单用化学杀螨剂;单用,可杀虫治螨灭菌,促作物生长发育作用,增产显著。     

Double dioxygenation by mouse 8S-lipoxygenase: specific formation of a potent peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha agonist

Mouse 8S-lipoxygenase (8-LOX) metabolizes arachidonic acid (AA) specifically to 8S-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid (8S-HPETE), which will be readily reduced under physiological circumstances to 8S-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (8S-HETE), a natural agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR alpha). Here, we investigated whether 8-LOX could further oxygenate AA and whether the products could activate PPARs. The purified recombinant 8-LOX converted AA exclusively to 8S-HPETE and then to (8S,15S)-dihydroperoxy-5Z,9E,11Z,13E-eicosatetraenoic acid (8S,15S-diHPETE). The kcat/Km values for 8S-HPETE and AA were 3.3x10(3) and 2.7x10(4) M(-1) s(-1), respectively. 8-LOX also dioxygenated 8S-HETE and 15S-H(P)ETE specifically to the corresponding 8S,15S-disubstituted derivatives. By contrast, 15-LOX-2, a human homologue of 8-LOX, produced 8S,15S-diH(P)ETE from 8S-H(P)ETE but not from AA nor 15S-H(P)ETE. 8S,15S-diHETE activated PPAR alpha more strongly than 8S-HETE did. The present results suggest that 8S,15S-diH(P)ETE as well as 8S-H(P)ETE would contribute to the physiological function of 8-LOX and also that 8-LOX can function as a potential 15-LOX.     

Stationarity distributions of mechanomyogram signals from isometric contractions of extrinsic hand muscles during functional grasping

This study investigates the stationarity of steady state mechanomyogram signals for the purpose of determining appropriate features for signal classification. Mechanomyography is the superficial recording of low frequency vibrations detected over contracting muscles. Steady state mechanomyogram signals, recorded at the belly of the extensor digitorum, flexor digitorum superficialis and flexor pollicis longus muscles during functional grasps were tested for weak stationarity. Twenty percent of the contractions were found to be non-stationary, indicating that time frequency methods may be appropriate for automatic pattern recognition of functional grasp from the mechanomyogram. The distribution of the stationary test statistic was dependent on the type of muscle contractions, suggesting that the test statistic itself might be a discriminating feature for mechanomyogram pattern recognition in applications such as multifunction prosthetic control. Since the major known source of non-stationarity was decreasing variance, it is suggested that shifts in the distribution of the test statistic may indicate the time course of relative muscle contributions to functional grasp.     

光声成像造影剂的研究进展

光声成像(PAT)是利用光声效应获得生物组织或材料的断层图像或三维立体图像的一种成像方法,它兼具光学和声学成像的优点,从而成为目前比较有应用前景的一种成像模式。光声成像造影剂是光声成像的对比增强剂,它通过改变局部组织的声学和光学特性,提高成像对比度和分辨率,从而显著增强光声成像的成像效果,成为当前生物医学领域研究的一个热点。目前常见的光声成像造影剂主要有金纳米材料,碳纳米材料,染料相关纳米材料以及其他纳米材料,这些材料有它们独特的优势,它们尺寸小,稳定性好,具有良好的生物相容性,但在临床应用时本身又存在一些问题。本文综述了光声成像造影剂的种类并简要概述了其研究进展,并对其未来在生物医学领域的应用前景做了进一步展望。