Dysregulation of exosomal miR-192 and miR-194 expression in lung adenocarcinoma patients

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the main reason of cancer linked mortality and around 80% of cases diagnosed in advanced stage. Therefore current study designed to evaluate the deregulation of miRNA-194 and miRNA-192 in different body fluid of Non small cell lung cancer participants. Present study recruited newly diagnosed histopathologically confirmed. It was observed that the 40% NSCLC participants showed elevated miR-194 expression and 60% NSCLC participants showed reduced miR-194 expression in serum sample while in Bronchial wash, only 20% NSCLC participants showed elevated miR-194 expression while 80% showed reduced miR-194 expression (p = 0.003). It was found that the 54% NSCLC participants showed elevated miR-192 expression and 55% NSCLC participants showed reduced miR-192 expression in serum sample while In Bronchial wash sample, only 25% NSCLC participants showed high miR-192 expression while 75% showed low miR-192 expression (P = 0.0004). Expression of miR-194 was significantly associated with TNM stages (p < 0.0001, p < 0.0001), distant organ metastases (p < 0.0001, p < 0.0001), pathological grade (p = 0.0009, p = 0.0005) among serum sample and bronchial wash sample. Same observation was found with expression of miR-192 and it was significantly associated with TNM stages (p < 0.0001, p < 0.0001), distant organ metastases (p < 0.0001, p < 0.0001), pathological grade (p = 0.006, p = 0.001) among serum sample and bronchial wash sample. It was observed that the NSCLC participants who had high serum based miR-194 expression showed 22 months of overall median survival while low expression of serum based miR-194 expression showed 18 months of overall median survival. Present study suggests that decreased expression of miR-194 and miR-192 was significantly associated with different clinical features of NSCLC cases. However, significantly higher number of NSCLC cases showed low expression of miR-194 and miR-192 in bronchial lavage sample. Decreased poor overall survival was found to be associated with bronchial wash sample with respect to low miR-194 and miR-192 expression while NSCLC participants showed better overall survival with high miR-194 and miR-192 expression. This suggested decreased expression of miR-192 and miR-194 expression could be the potential prognostic marker among NSCLC participants.     

LncRNA PDCD4-AS1 alleviates triple negative breast cancer by increasing expression of IQGAP2 via miR-10b-5p

ObjectiveMounting evidence demonstrates that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is dysregulated in breast cancers. This study was designed to detect the influences and regulatory mechanism of lncRNA PDCD4-AS1 in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).MethodsqRT-PCR and Western blot were utilized to investigate the expression levels of PDCD4-AS1, miR-10b-5p and IQGAP2 in TNBC tissues and cells. Online software and luciferase reporter gene system were employed to testify the interactions among these molecules. Loss and gain of function of PDCD4-AS1, miR-10b-5p or IQGAP2 were performed before MTT and colony formation assay, TUNEL staining in addition to Transwell and scratch assays were applied to measure the cell biological functions.ResultsIn this work, PDCD4-AS1 and IQGAP2 were lowly expressed while miR-10b-5p was strongly expressed in TNBC tissues and cells. PDCD4-AS1 or IQGAP2 overexpression effectively attenuated TNBC cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and increased the apoptosis rate, while this effect was abandoned in response to miR-10b-5p mimics transfection. miR-10b-5p bound to IQGAP2 and acted as a downstream target of PDCD4-AS1.ConclusionOur findings identified lncRNA PDCD4-AS1 as a tumor suppressor in TNBC by regulating IQGAP2 expression via miR-10b-5p, giving a novel insight into the regulatory mechanism of PDCD4-AS1 in the pathogenesis of TNBC.     

MicroRNA-424 regulates the expression of CX3CL1 (fractalkine) in human microvascular endothelial cells during Rickettsia rickettsii infection

Cytokines and chemokines trigger complex intracellular signaling through specific receptors to mediate immune cell recruitment and activation at the sites of infection. CX3CL1 (Fractalkine), a membrane-bound chemokine also capable of facilitating intercellular interactions as an adhesion molecule, contributes to host immune responses by virtue of its chemoattractant functions. Published studies have documented increased CX3CL1 expression in target tissues in a murine model of spotted fever rickettsiosis temporally corresponding to infiltration of macrophages and recovery from infection. Because pathogenic rickettsiae primarily target vascular endothelium in the mammalian hosts, we have now determined CX3CL1 mRNA and protein expression in cultured human microvascular endothelial cells (HMECs) infected in vitro with Rickettsia rickettsii. Our findings reveal 15.5 ± 4.0-fold and 12.3 ± 2.3-fold increase in Cx3cl1 mRNA expression at 3 h and 24 h post-infection, coinciding with higher steady-state levels of the corresponding protein in comparison to uninfected HMECs. Since CX3CL1 is a validated target of microRNA (miR)-424-5p (miR-424) and our earlier findings demonstrated robust down-regulation of miR-424 in R. rickettsii-infected HMECs, we further explored the possibility of regulation of CX3CL1 expression during rickettsial infection by miR-424. As expected, R. rickettsii infection resulted in 87 ± 5% reduction in miR-424 expression in host HMECs. Interestingly, a miR-424 mimic downregulated R. rickettsii-induced expression of CX3CL1, whereas an inhibitor of miR-424 yielded a converse up-regulatory effect, suggesting miR-424-mediated regulation of CX3CL1 during infection. Together, these findings provide the first evidence for the roles of a host microRNA in the regulation of an important bifunctional chemokine governing innate immune responses to pathogenic rickettsiae.     

LncRNA ZNF667-AS1靶向 miR-31-5p对食管癌细胞增殖、迁移和凋亡的机制研究

目的探究长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)ZNF667-AS1通过靶向miR-31-5p对食管癌细胞增殖和迁移的影响及潜在的机制。方法采用实时荧光定量PCR(qPCR)技术检测ZNF667-AS1在食管癌细胞Eca109、EC1、TE1和正常食管上皮细胞Het-1A的表达水平,并选择表达差异最大的细胞株进行后续实验。采用脂质体转染技术将pcDNA3.1-ZNF667-AS1过表达重组载体质粒转染至人食管癌Eca109细胞,实验分为对照组(未行转染的Eca109细胞)、pcDNA3.1组(转染空载体质粒的Eca109细胞)和ZNF667-AS1组(转染pcDNA3.1-ZNF667-AS1质粒的Eca109细胞),qPCR技术检测pcDNA3.1-ZNF667-AS1的转染效果,噻唑蓝比色法(MTT)和平板克隆实验检测过表达ZNF667-AS1对Eca109细胞增殖能力的影响,Transwell实验检测Eca109细胞迁移能力,流式细胞术检测Eca109细胞凋亡率,Western blot检测Eca109细胞中G1/S-特异性周期蛋白-D1(Cyclin D1)、细胞周期依赖性激酶抑制因子(p21)、上皮标志物上皮型钙黏蛋白(E-cadherin)、间充质标志物神经型钙黏蛋白(N-cadherin)、波形蛋白(Vimentin)、B细胞淋巴瘤/白血病-2相关蛋白X(Bax)和B细胞淋巴瘤/白血病-2(Bcl-2)的表达水平,生物信息学预测ZNF667-AS1与miR-31-5p的互补配对关系,荧光素酶报告实验和qPCR技术验证ZNF667-AS1和miR-31-5p的靶向调控关系。多组间比较采用单因素方差分析,组间两两比较采用SNK-q检验。结果与Het-1A细胞相比,食管癌Eca109、EC1和TE1细胞中ZNF667-AS1的表达水平均降低(1.00±0.08比0.29±0.04,0.36±0.05,0.33±0.06),差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。与ZNF667-AS1组相比,对照组及pcDNA3.1组中ZNF667-AS1的表达水平(3.14±0.32比1.00±0.10,0.94±0.09),细胞活力[(63.42±3.75)%比100.00±4.85、(97.69±4.57)%],细胞克隆形成数[(34.26±3.52)个比(95.64±10.22)个、(92.80±10.04、个],Cyclin D1表达水平(0.26±0.05比0.75±0.08、0.71±0.07),迁移细胞数[(20.24±2.35)个比(63.55±6.04)个、(60.02±6.12)个],细胞中E-cadherin表达水平(0.19±0.02比0.48±0.05,0.49±0.05)和miR-31-5p的表达水平(0.30±0.03比1.00±0.10,0.95±0.09)均升高,p21表达水平(0.79±0.09比0.24±0.05,0.26±0.06),细胞凋亡率[(29.17±1.26)%比(3.41±0.73)%,(3.72±0.78)%],细胞中N-cadherin(0.87±0.09比0.42±0.04,0.40±0.04)、Vimentin表达水平(0.82±0.08比0.44±0.04,0.44±0.04)均降低,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.001),与对照组比较,pcDNA3.1组ZNF667-AS1的表达水平,细胞活力,细胞克隆形成数,Cyclin D1和p21表达水平,迁移细胞数,细胞中E-cadherin、N-cadherin、Vimentin和miR-31-5p表达水平,细胞凋亡率差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。生物信息学预测发现ZNF667-AS1和miR-31-5p存在靶向结合位点;荧光素酶报告实验结果显示,与空载转染组比较,miR-31-5p组ZNF667-AS1-Wt相对荧光素酶活性(1.00±0.10比0.19±0.02)降低(P<0.05),ZNF667-AS1-Mut相对荧光素酶活性比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论过表达ZNF667-AS1能抑制食管癌Eca109细胞的增殖、迁移并诱导其凋亡,其机制可能与ZNF667-AS1靶向调控miR-31-5p有关。     

Circulating microRNAs have a sex-specific association with metabolic syndrome

Background

The microRNAs let-7 g and miR-221 have been demonstrated to be related to the glucose metabolism. This study assessed the serum levels of these two microRNAs in subjects with and without metabolic syndrome (MetS).

Results

The serum microRNA levels were detected in 102 subjects aged 40 to 80 years who were recruited from the general population. The status of MetS was defined by the Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) criteria modified for Asians. Subjects with histories of cardiovascular diseases or who were receiving treatment with hypoglycemic or lipid-lowering agents were excluded. The levels of both circulating microRNAs (let-7 g and miR-221) were higher in subjects with MetS (p = 0.004 and p = 0.01, respectively). The sex-specific analysis showed that the difference was more prominent in women (for both miRNAs, p < 0.05 in women and p > 0.1 in men). In the female subjects, increased expression of both microRNAs was associated with an increased number of MetS risk components (p = 0.002 for let-7 g and p = 0.022 for miR-221). Moreover, the elevation of serum let-7 g was significantly associated with a low level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p = 0.022) and high blood pressure (p = 0.023). In contrast, the miR-221 level was not associated with any individual MetS risk component.

Conclusions

The circulating levels of let-7 g and miR-221 displayed a female-specific elevation in individuals with metabolic syndrome.     

Role of miR-107 and its signaling pathways in diseases

Abstract

MicroRNAs exert their biologic effects by targeting specific mRNAs for degradation or translational inhibition. MicroRNA-mediated regulation is complex, potentially affecting expression of the host gene, related enzymes within the same pathway or apparently distinct targets. miR-107 is found to be implicated in the pathogenesis of some diseases. This review was performed to sum up the role of miR-107 and its signaling pathways in renal diseases.     

MiRNA-181b suppresses IGF-1R and functions as a tumor suppressor gene in gliomas

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded, 18- to 23-nt RNA molecules that function as regulators of gene expression. Previous studies have shown that microRNAs play important roles in human cancers, including gliomas. Here, we found that expression levels of miR-181b were decreased in gliomas, and we identified IGF-1R as a novel direct target of miR-181b. MiR-181b overexpression inhibited cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and tumorigenesis by targeting IGF-1R and its downstream signaling pathways, PI3K/AKT and MAPK/ERK1/2. Overexpression of IGF-1R rescued the inhibitory effects of miR-181b. In clinical specimens, IGF-1R was overexpressed, and its protein levels were inversely correlated with miR-181b expression. Taken together, our results indicate that miR-181b functions in gliomas to suppress growth by targeting the IGF-1R oncogene and that miR-181b may serve as a novel therapeutic target for gliomas.     

The microRNA-302-367 cluster suppresses the proliferation of cervical carcinoma cells through the novel target AKT1

The miR-302-367 cluster is specifically expressed in human embryonic stem cells and has been shown to convert human somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells. Here, we investigated the role of the miR-302-367 cluster in cervical carcinoma. The cluster was not endogenously expressed in cervical cancer cells, and its ectopic expression did not reprogram the cervical cancer cells to an embryonic stem cell-like state. However, ectopic expression of the miR-302-367 cluster in HeLa and SiHa cervical cancer cells inhibited cell proliferation and tumor formation by blocking the G1/S cell cycle transition. We identified a new cell cycle regulatory pathway in which the miR-302-367 cluster directly down-regulated both cyclin D1 and AKT1 and indirectly up-regulated p27^Kip1 and p21^Cip1, leading to the suppression of cervical cancer cell proliferation. Our findings suggest that the miR-302-367 cluster may be used as a therapeutic reagent for the treatment of cervical carcinoma.