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61.
Background
Based on the ethnomedicinal uses and the effective outcomes of natural products in various diseases, this study was designed to evaluate Isodon rugosus as possible remedy in oxidative stress, alzheimer’s and other neurodegenerative diseases. Acetylecholinestrase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitory activities of crude methanolic extract (Ir.Cr), resultant fractions (n-hexane (Ir.Hex), chloroform (Ir.Cf), ethyl acetate (Ir.EtAc), aqueous (Ir.Aq)), flavonoids (Ir.Flv) and crude saponins (Ir.Sp) of I. rugosus were investigated using Ellman’s spectrophotometric method. Antioxidant potential of I. rugosus was determined using DPPH, H2O2 and ABTS free radicals scavenging assays. Total phenolic and flavonoids contents of plant extracts were determined and expressed in mg GAE/g dry weight and mg RTE/g of dry sample respectively.Results
Among different fractions Ir.Flv and Ir.Cf exhibited highest inhibitory activity against AChE (87.44 ± 0.51, 83.73 ± 0.64%) and BChE (82.53 ± 0.71, 88.55 ± 0.77%) enzymes at 1 mg/ml with IC50 values of 45, 50 for AChE and 40, 70 μg/ml for BChE respectively. Activity of these fractions were comparable to galanthamine causing 96.00 ± 0.30 and 88.61 ± 0.43% inhibition of AChE and BChE at 1 mg/ml concentration with IC50 values of 20 and 47 μg/ml respectively. In antioxidant assays, Ir.Flv, Ir.Cf, and Ir.EtAc demonstrated highest radicals scavenging activities in DPPH and H2O2 assays which were comparable to ascorbic acid. Ir.Flv was found most potent with IC50 of 19 and 24 μg/ml against DPPH and H2O2 radicals respectively. Whereas antioxidant activates of plant samples against ABTS free radicals was moderate. Ir.Cf, Ir.EtAc and Ir.Cr showed high phenolic and flavonoid contents and concentrations of these compounds in different fractions correlated well to their antioxidant and anticholinestrase activities.Conclusion
It may be inferred from the current investigations that the Ir.Sp, Ir.Flv and various fractions of I. rugosus are good sources of anticholinesterase and antioxidant compounds. Different fractions can be subjected to activity guided isolation of bioactive compounds effective in neurological disorders. 相似文献62.
Nisar Ahmad Bilal Haider Abbasi Hina Fazal Mubarak Ali Khan Muhammad Siddique Afridi 《Comptes rendus biologies》2014,337(1):19-28
In this study, a novel approach for in vitro regeneration of Piper nigrum L. has been applied in order to increase healthy biomass, phytochemicals and piperine production via reverse photoperiod (16hD/8hL). Leaf portions of the seed-derived plants were placed on an MS-medium fortified with different PGRs. Under 16hD/8hL, thidiazuron (TDZ; 4.0 mg L−1) and BA (1.5 mg L−1) was found to be the most effective (< 90%) in callus induction. Two concentrations (1.5, 2.0 mg L−1) of the IBA produced > 80% shoots from callus cultures. Healthy shoots were transferred to rooting medium and higher percentage of rooting (< 90%) was observed on IBA (1.5 mg L−1). These in vitro tissues were subjected to amino acid analysis, spectrophotometry, and HPLC. ARG, SER, THR, and TYR were the most abundant components out of 17 amino acids. Higher amino acid production was observed under normal photoperiod (16hL/8hD) than under reverse photoperiod (16hD/8hL). The highest total phenolic content (TPC; 9.91 mg/g-DW) and flavonoid content (7.38 mg/g-DW) were observed in callus cultures incubated under 16hL/8hD than other tissues incubated under 16hD/8hL photoperiod. Higher DPPH and PoMo activities were observed in tissues incubated under 16hL/8hD photoperiod, while ABTS and Fe2+ chelating activities were found higher in tissues incubated under reverse photoperiod. Significant quantities of piperine content were observed in all tissues except callus cultures. These results suggest that reverse photoperiod is a promising approach for callus induction, phytochemicals and piperine production for commercial applications. 相似文献
63.
《Mammalian Biology》2014,79(3):215-220
Using cafeteria trials conducted during June–September 2008 in Qinghai Province, China, we investigated the selection of 20 plant species by root voles (Microtus oeconomus). It was found that both favored and edible plant groups of root voles comprised 6 species, while the remaining 8 species were anorectic plants. Three plant secondary metabolites (PSMs): flavonoids, condensed tannins, and total phenols, exhibited seasonal changes in concentration; being lowest at June and gradually increasing from July to August/September. Total phenols was the only factor included in the best model of generalized linear models, indicating that total phenols was the most important factor deterring food selection by root voles. In contrast, tannins had a weak effect on food selection by root voles. This study indicated that PSMs play an important role in food selection by root voles; however, the effects of PSMs depend on the type of PSMs. Furthermore, this finding partly verifies the hypothesis that PSMs contribute to the defense strategy of plants, significantly influencing plant selection by root voles. 相似文献
64.
苦参是中国传统的植物药,具有清热燥湿等多种作用,广泛地应用于抗肿瘤研究,其活性成分能够通过细胞周期阻滞抑制肿瘤细胞的增殖、诱导肿瘤细胞分化、通过细胞周期阻滞、Fas/Fasl和线粒体途径诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡,通过降低VEGF等的表达抑制肿瘤血管生成和内皮细胞增殖,抑制肿瘤侵袭和转移,通过抑制端粒酶活性、逆转多药耐药、调节免疫耐受等辅助治疗肿瘤。通过收集、分析和整理最近几年涉及苦参活性成分抗肿瘤作用的文献,综述其抗肿瘤作用机制,为临床应用苦参治疗肿瘤提供参考。 相似文献
65.
狭叶柴胡的抗过敏活性及其有效成分 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
本文以compound 48/80在体外诱导大鼠腹腔肥大细胞释放组胺,评价狭叶柴胡及其成分的抗过敏活性。狭叶柴胡醇提物及正丁醇部分(100μg/mL)、乙酸乙酯及水部分(10,100μg/mL)显著减少组胺释放,以乙酸乙酯部分的作用最强,狭叶柴胡挥发油(100μg/mL)对组胺释放呈现一定的促进作用。从乙酸乙酯部分分离得到异鼠李素和槲皮素两种主要化合物,均显著抑制组胺释放,表明黄酮为狭叶柴胡抗过敏作用的有效成分。 相似文献
66.
Vania Rebolledo María Carolina Otero Jos Manuel Delgado Fernando Torres Michelle Herrera Miguel Ríos Mauricio Cabaas Jos L. Martinez Mait Rodríguez-Díaz 《Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences》2021,28(1):1052
The Andean tree Schinus areira L. has multiple traditional uses, from the treatment of bronchitis and rheumatic diseases to menstrual cycle regulation and wound healing. With reported hypotensive, analgesic, antitumoral and anti-inflammatory properties, it acts predominantly against diseases related to oxidative stress. This study focuses on the antioxidant activity and phytochemical profile of the extracts of Schinus areira L.Serial extraction of the fruits was performed both by maceration and by Soxhlet. Total phenols and flavonoids were measured using the Folin-Ciocalteu method and AlCl3, respectively. In vitro antioxidant activity was determined by FRAP and DPPH.Results were similar for both extraction methods. Primary metabolites detected included carbohydrates, proteins and amino acids; secondary metabolites included tannins, flavonoids, saponins, steroids and triterpenes. Antioxidant activity was confirmed for ethyl acetate, methanolic and aqueous extracts. The methanolic extract had both the highest polyphenol content (>195 mg GAE/ g dry weight) and the highest antioxidant activity [EC50 > 476 μg/mL; >273 mg AA/g dry weight (DPPH); >301 mg AA/ g dry weight (FRAP)]. The extract does not produce macrophage cytotoxicity in RAW 264.7, which is indicated by an average cytotoxicity of 2% over 24 h.Our study serves as a starting point for future research on the pharmacological properties of Schinus areira L. 相似文献
67.
In this study, antiproliferative activity of methanol extract of Centaura carduiformis DC. subsp. carduiformis var. carduiformis DC (CC) was examined against Vero, HeLa and C6 cell lines in 1000 and 500 μg/mL concentrations using the BrdU ELISA assay. The CC root (CCR) has the most effective antiproliferative activity. The root extract was fractionated using various solvent and determined antiproliferative activities. Two new and two known flavonoids were isolated from CC roots. The isolated known compound of 7-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-4′-methylapigenin and new compound of 7-O-β-d-6″-O-glucopyranosyl-6″-O-β-d-furanosylpinocembrin were isolated from the ethyl acetate fractions. However, wogonin and new compound of N-(pentyloxy(m-tolyl)methyl)acetamideisowogonin were obtained from chloroform fractions. The chemical structures of pure compounds were elucidated with different chemical and spectroscopic methods (IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, HETCOR, COSY, GC-MS, etc.) and their antiproliferative activities were determined against Vero, HeLa and C6 cell lines. The IC50 results showed that the compound 4 has the highest activity against Vero (250 μg/mL) and HeLa (735 μg/mL) cell lines than isolated other compounds from determined values. 相似文献
68.
Two lines of the red and pale yellow cell suspension cultures, prepared fromPrunus x yedoensis Matsum. callus induced by Murashige and Skoog's (1962) basal medium supplemented with 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,
4-D, 1.0 mg/l), kinetin (0.1 mg/l) and sucrose (30 g/l), were maintained on Schenk and Hildebrandt medium as modified by Mitchell
and Gildow (1975). The red cell suspension culture produced cyanidin 3-monoglucoside, 5, 4′-dihydroxy-7-methoxyisoflavone
4′-glucoside (prunetrin), isoquercitrin, catechin, epicatechin, and procyanidin B-1, B-2, B-3 and B-4, while the pale yellow
cells produced only a small amount of catechin and epicatechin as main flavonoids. These flavonoid compounds found in the
red cell culture were present also in maturePrunus leaves.
Maximum growth and maximum amount of total phenol and proanthocyanidin (procyanidins) were obtained with 0.3 mg/l of both
2,4-D and kinetin. Maximum concentration of anthocyanin was also obtained with 0.3 mg/l 2, 4-D regardless of kinetin concentration.
Accumulation of proanthocyanidin was markedly stimulated by low concentrations of phosphate, which reduced growth by about
half, and also by high concentrations of inorganic nitrogen. Production of both anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin was reduced
by lowered nitrogen levels. Cell growth and production of all phenolics were inhibited when ammonium ion replaced nitrate
in the medium. 相似文献
69.
蕨类植物的黄酮类成分及其系统学意义 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:7
蕨类植物的黄酮类成分以比较原始的结构类型为主,少数类群也拥有相当进化的类型。双黄酮,黄酮醇,白花色甙及原花色甙对于蕨类植物的系统学研究具有重要意义。化学证据表明小叶型蕨类较大叶型真蕨类原始,厚囊蕨类较薄囊蕨类原始等。 相似文献
70.
Yaping Huang Geng Sun Pengfei Wang Rui Shi Yanchun Zhang Xiaoan Wen Hongbin Sun Caiping Chen 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2018,28(17):2957-2960
In this study, Complex I inhibitor R419 was firstly revealed to have significant anticancer activity against HepG2 cells (IC50?=?5.2?±?0.9?μM). Based on this finding, a series of R419 derivatives were synthesized and biologically evaluated. As results, 9 derivatives were found to have obvious anticancer activity. Among them, H20 exhibited the most potent activity (IC50?=?2.8?±?0.4?μM). Mechanism study revealed that H20 caused severe depletion of cellular ATP, dose-dependently activated AMPK, decreased Bcl-2/Bax ratio and induced necrotic cell death. Most importantly, H20 displayed definite inhibitory activity against Complex I. 相似文献