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51.
Aminophylline, an inhibitor of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (EC 3.1.4.17), inhibits elongation and correlated H+ and K+ transport in embryos of Haplopappus gracilis and in pea internode segments. Moreover, the drug strongly inhibits the stimulation of these processes by fusicoccin and indole-3-acetic acid and reduces passive permeability of the membrane. The possible mechanisms of action of aminophylline are discussed.Abbreviations cAMP
adenosine 3:5-cyclic monophosphate
- FC
fusicoccin
- IAA
indole-3-acetic acid
- MES
2-N-morpholinoethanesulfonic acid
- PDE
cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 相似文献
52.
George J. P. Murphy 《Planta》1980,149(5):417-426
Naphthalene-1-acetic acid (NAA) binding by membrane fractions derived from maize has been re-evaluated. Using a computer curve-fitting procedure only one major type of NAA binding, in terms of binding affinity, could be identified. Auxins, antiauxins and structurally related compounds have been tested for their competitive effect on NAA binding and the inhibitor constants for a number of these have been determined. Extracts from various plant species have been examined for their NAA binding ability, but all showed much less binding than maize leaf or coleoptile preparations. The possibility of the NAA binding by maize extracts being due to a true hormone receptor is discussed.Abbreviations BA
benzoic acid
- CPIB
p-chlorophenoxyisobutyric acid
- 2,4-D
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
- DCB
2,4-dichlorobenzoic acid
- IAA
indolyl-3-acetic acid
- NAA
napthalene-1-acetic acid
- 2-NAA
napthalene-2-acetic acid
- NAOA
napthalene-2-oxyacetic acid
- PA
phenylacetic acid
- PU
phenylurea
- 2,4,5-T
2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid
- TIBA
2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid 相似文献
53.
The use of spectrofluorimeter coupled to a reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography column permits selective detection of indole-3-acetic acid at the low picogram level. The value of the technique is demonstrated by the analysis of endogenous IAA in elongating shoots, xylem sap and callus of Douglas-fir. The data are also used to illustrate a procedure whereby the accuracy of chromatographic analyses can be verified within definable probability limits.Abbreviations GC-MS
combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
- HPLC
high performance liquid chromatography
- IAA
indole-3-acetic acid
- SEC
steric exclusion chromatography
- SICM
selected ion current monitoring
Technical Paper No. 5379 from the Oregon State University Agricultural Experiment Station 相似文献
54.
Cultured tobacco-pith tissue contains a cytoplasmic receptor for indoleacetic acid (IAA). The concentration of binding sites is very low in comparison to that of several auxin receptors found by other investigators. A few obvious possible causes (degradation or inactivation) were investigated. From the results we conclude that the low number of binding sites is real. The receptor binds IAA optimally at pH 7.5–7.8 and at a temperature of 24–30°C, when incubated for 25–30 min. The binding is very specific, as is shown by competition experiments. The concentration of the receptor in the callus tissue changes dramatically during each culture period, which suggests a possible role in development. The receptor was partly purified by gel filtration on Sepharose 6B followed by ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose. 相似文献
55.
At concentrations inhibitory to the elongation of corn (Zea mays L.) roots, the auxins, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and α-naphthaleneacetic acid (α-NAA), cause an increase in the pH of the
bathing medium; this increase occurs with an average latent period shorter than the latent period for the inhibitory effect
of these auxins on elongation. Indole-2-carboxylic acid, an inactive structural analogue of IAA, and β-naphthaleneacetic acid,
an inactive analogue of α-NAA, affect neither growth nor the pH of the medium. Since acid pH is known to promote and basic
pH to inhibit root elongation, the data are consistent with the hypothesis that hormone-induced modification of cell-wall
pH plays a role in the control of elongation of roots, as has been proposed for elongation of stems and coleoptiles. 相似文献
56.
The velocity and intensity of basipetal transport of 14C-labelled indol-3yl-acetic acid (IAA) applied to the apical bud of the intact pea plant were influenced by the temperature to which the stem was exposed and were not influenced by changes in the temperature of the root system when this was controlled independently between 5°C and 35°C. The velocity of transport increased steadily with temperature to a maximum in excess of 35°C and then fell sharply with further increase in temperature. The Q10 for velocity, determined from Arrhenius plots, was low (ca. 1.3). Transport intensity increased to a maximum at about 25°C (Q10=2.2) and then declined gradually with further increase in temperature. It is suggested that transport velocity and transport intensity are controlled independently.The characteristics of auxin transport through the stem were not affected by removal of the root system, or by the withdrawl of root aeration. Labelled IAA did not pass a region of the stem cooled to about 1.0°C, or through a narrow zone of stem tissue killed by heat treatment. In the latter case the heat treatment was shown not to interfere with the upward transport of water in the xylem. Labelled IAA continued to move into, and to accumulate in, the tissues immediately above a cooled or heat-killed region of the stem. It was concluded that the long-distance basipetal transport of auxin through the stem of the intact plant is driven by the transporting cells themselves and is independent of the activity of sinks for the transported auxin.The fronts of the observed tracer profiles in the stem were closely fitted by error function diffusion analogue curves. However, diffusion of IAA alone could not account for the observed characteristics of the transport and it is suggested that the curvilinear fronts of the profiles resulted from a diffusive mixing of exogenous IAA (or IAA-carrier complexes) with endogenous IAA already in the transport pathway.Abbreviations IAA
indol-3yl-acetic acid
- IAAsp
indol-3yl-acetyl aspartic acid
- CFM
methyl 2-chloro-9-hydroxyfluorene-9-carboxylate (morphactin)
- TIBA
2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid
- ABA
abscisic acid 相似文献
57.
We have compared the effects of cycloheximide (CHI) and two other rapid and effective inhibitors of protein synthesis, pactamycin and 2-(4-methyl-2,6-dinitroanilino)-N-methyl proprionamide (MDMP), on protein synthesis, respiration, auxin-induced growth and H+-excreation of Avena sativa L. coleoptiles. All three compounds inhibit protein synthesis without affecting respiration. The effectiveness of the inhibitors against H+-excretion and growth correlates with their ability to inhibit protein synthesis. Both CHI and MDMP inhibit auxin-induced H+-excretion after a latent period of 5–8 min, and inhibit growth after a 8–10-min lag. These results support the idea that continued protein synthesis is required in the initial stages of the growth-promoting action of auxin.Abbreviations CHI
cycloheximide
- DMSO
dimethyl sulfoxide
- FC
fusicoccin
- IAA
indole-3-acetic acid
- MDMP
2-(4-methyl-2,6-dinitroanilino)-N-methyl proprionamide 相似文献
58.
P.H. Rubery 《Planta》1979,144(2):173-178
1. The effects of 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) and chemical modifying reagents on the transport of indol-3-yl acetic acid (IAA) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4 D) by suspension-cultured crown gall cells of Parthenocissus tricuspidata Planch. were investigated. 2. DNP smoothly reduced uptakes of both benzoic acid and 2,4 D but IAA uptake at pH 6.0 was not inhibited by concentrations below 20 mol/l except in the presence of 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA) whose stimulatory effect was thereby abolished. DNP stimulated the efflux of 2,4 D and of IAA in the presence of TIBA. Without TIBA, DNP first inhibited but later stimulated IAA efflux. —3. Low concentrations of N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) (<5 mol/l) abolished TIBA-stimulation of net IAA uptake while not affecting (or slightly promoting) net uptake of IAA alone, whose inhibition needs greater NEM concentrations. Diethylpyrocarbonate behaved similarly. The poorly-penetrant p-chloromercuriben-zenesulphonic acid did not cause a marked differential inhibition of the TIBA stimulation. — 4. Together with earlier data, the results support a two-carrier model comprising a common carrier for IAA and 2,4 D, previously suggested to be an auxin anion/proton symport, and also an electrogenic carrier, specific for IAA anions, and inhibited by TIBA. The role of such carriers in polar auxin transport is discussed.Abbreviations IAA
Indol-3-yl acetic acid
- 2,4 D
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
- BA
Benzoic acid
- DNP
2,4-Dinitrophenol
- NEM
N-ethylmaleimide
- PCMBS
p-Chloromercuribenzenesulphonic acid
- TIBA
2,3,5-Triiodobenzoic acid 相似文献
59.
Growth regulators were measured in extracts from the upper and lower halves of 7-mm apical segments of horizontally oriented, red-light-irradiated and non-irradiated roots of Zea mays L. cv. Golden Cross Bantam 70 which exhibit a georesponse only after an exposure to light. Abscisic acid (ABA) was measured by gas-liquid chromatography, auxin (indole-3-acetic acid, IAA) by the Avena straight-growth assay, and an unidentified growth inhibitor by a Zea root-growth assay. The ratio of ABA in the upper and lower halves was 1.6 in the irradiated roots and 1.0 in the non-irradiated ones. The total amount of ABA after irradiation was increased by a factor of ca. 1.8. The ratio of IAA in the upper and lower halves of irradiated and non-irradiated roots was 1:3.4 and 1:2.9, respectively. The content (or activity) of an unidentified growth inhibitor was highest in the lower halves of horizontally oriented roots which had been irradiated with red light. The unidentified growth inhibitor, rather than IAA or ABA, may be the major factor in the light-induced geotropic responsiveness in Zea roots. 相似文献
60.
A. R. Sheldrake 《Planta》1979,145(2):113-117
Segments of mesocotyls of Avena sativa L. transported [1-14C]indol-3yl-acetic acid (IAA) with strictly basipetal polarity. Treatment of the segments with solutions of sorbitol caused a striking increase in basipetal auxin transport, which was greatest at concentrations around 0.5 M. Similar effects were observed with mannitol or quebrachitol as osmotica, but with glucose or sucrose the increases were smaller. Polar transport was still detectable in segments treated with 1.2 M sorbitol. The effects of osmotic stress on the polar transport of auxin were reversible, but treatment with sorbital solutions more concentrated than 0.5 M reduced the subsequent ability of mesocotyl segments to grow in response to IAA. The increased transport of auxin in the osmotically stressed segments could not be explained in terms of an increased uptake from donor blocks. The velocity of transport declined with higher concentrations of osmoticum. The reasons for the enhancement of auxin transport by osmotic stress are not known. 相似文献