Differential Effects of Thiopental and Pentobarbital on Spinal GABAA Receptors

General anesthetics thiopental and pentobarbital possess very similar chemical structures whereas their clinical potency is quite different. The underlying molecular mechanism is not fully understood. This study was designed to assess the differential effects of thiopental and pentobarbital on GABA_A receptors of mechanically dissociated rat spinal dorsal horn neurons by using whole-cell patch-clamp technique. Pentobarbital, at a concentration of 30 μM, which markedly enhanced sub-saturated GABA-induced current (I _GABA), had no effect on thiopental-induced maximal current. Similarly, the pentobarbital-induced maximal current was also not affected by 30 μM thiopental. Moreover, a linear summation of thiopental-induced maximal current and pentobarbital-induced sub-maximal current was observed. In addition, pentobarbital failed to further enhance I _GABA in the presence of thiopental at a concentration with maximal modulatory effects on I _GABA, and vice versa. Our results thus suggest that thiopental and pentobarbital might exert the GABA mimetic effects independently, but share a common mechanism to produce the GABA modulatory effects. Special issue article in honor of Dr. Ji-Sheng Han.     

基因"慢"的克隆及其在小鼠组织中的表达

Formin蛋白家族由结构相关的蛋白组成,它们都有两个formin同源功能区（formin homology domains）,FH1和FH2。这些基因上的多种变异均导致动物四肢畸形,提示这些基因在肢体发育中起重要作用。我们自小鼠肢体基因库中分离出了一个新基因：“慢”,该基因含有FH1和FH2。我们检测了该基因在小鼠胚胎及成体的表达情况,并对可能的功能意义进行了讨论。     

豚鼠不同组织亚细胞组分中缩醛磷脂酶活性的比较研究

 豚鼠不同组织亚细胞组分中缩醛磷脂酶活性的比较研究吕灿群蔡镇潮（皖南医学院生物化学教研室,芜湖２４１００１）（加拿大玛尼托巴大学医学院生物化学与分子生物学系）缩醛磷脂（Ｐｌａｓｍａｎｏｇｅｎ）是存在于哺乳动物组织内含有烯醚键（Ｖｉｎｙｌｅｔｈｅｒｂｏｎ...     

严重烧伤早期红细胞膜胆固醇含量及Na+-K+-ATP酶活性的变化

目的 :研究严重烧伤患者早期红细胞滤过指数 (EFI)与红细胞膜胆固醇含量、Na K ATPase活性的变化。探讨其在严重烧伤早期中的相互关系及意义。方法 :采用核孔滤膜法测定红细胞滤过指数 (EFI) ,用化学修饰电极法测定红细胞膜胆固醇含量 ,应用定磷法测定红细胞膜Na K ATPase活性。结果 :4 7例严重烧伤早期患者EFI较 6 0例正常对照组下降 (P <0 .0 1) ,红细胞膜胆固醇含量、Na K ATPase活性均高于正常对照组 (P <0 .0 1) ,且红细胞膜胆固醇含量、Na K ATPase活性与EFI呈密切负相关 (rcho =- 0 .871,rATPase =- 0 .80 1,P <0 .0 1)。结论 :严重烧伤早期EFI下降 ,变形性明显减低是导致血液粘度和微循环改变的原因之一 ,红细胞膜胆固醇含量和Na K ATPase活性的变化则是引起EFI下降、变形性减低的重要因素     

Molecular cloning and characterization of HSP60 gene in domestic pigeons (Columba livia) and differential expression patterns under temperature stress

Heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) is a well-recognized multifunctional protein, playing a substantial role in protecting organisms from environmental stress. The domestic pigeon (Columba livia) is a promising model organism, with important economic and ecological value, and its health is susceptible to temperature stress. To explore the molecular characteristics, tissue expression profile, and response to temperature stress for HSP60 of Columba livia (ClHSP60), we firstly cloned and characterized the complete cDNA sequence and investigated its expression profile under optimal conditions and acute temperature stress. The cDNA of ClHSP60 contained 2257 nucleotides, consisting of 12 exons with length ranging from 65 to 590 bp. The open reading frame (ORF) encoded 573 amino acids with calculated molecular weight of 60.97 kDa that contained a number of structurally prominent domains or motifs. Under optimal temperature conditions, levels of ClHSP60 expression differed between all the tested tissues (the highest was noted in liver and the lowest in pectoralis major muscle). Under acute temperature stress, five patterns of change were detected in the tested tissues, suggesting that different tissues in domestic pigeons differentially responded to various temperature stress conditions. Upregulation of ClHSP60 expression was highest in the lung and pectoralis major muscle, reflecting the crucial role of these two tissues in temperature regulation. However, the crop, cerebrum, and heart showed little change or decreased ClHSP60 expression. The results indicate that ClHSP60 may be sensitive to and play pivotal roles in responding to acute temperature stress.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s12192-020-01160-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

血管内介入栓塞术治疗脑动脉瘤的疗效及对生活质量和预后的影响

目的:探讨血管内介入栓塞术治疗脑动脉瘤的疗效及对生活质量和预后的影响。方法:回顾性分析我院于2014年1月～2019年3月期间收治的80例脑动脉瘤患者的临床资料,根据手术方式的不同分为A组(n=38,开颅夹闭术)和B组(n=42,血管内介入栓塞术),比较两组患者临床疗效、生活质量、预后、复发率、并发症发生率及围术期指标。结果:B组术后6个月的临床总有效率为85.71%(36/42),高于对照组的65.79%(25/38)(P0.05)。两组患者术后6个月躯体功能、社会功能、认知功能、情绪功能、角色功能评分均升高,且B组高于A组(P0.05)。两组轻度残障率、重度残障率、植物生存率、死亡率以及复发率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);B组预后良好率明显高于A组(P0.05)。两组并发症发生率比较无差异(P0.05)。B组手术时间、住院天数、切口长度均短于A组,但住院费用高于A组(P0.05)。结论:与开颅夹闭术相比,血管内介入栓塞术治疗脑动脉瘤,疗效确切,可有效改善患者生活质量及预后,且不增加复发率及并发症发生率,临床应用价值较高。     

益生菌制剂治疗极低出生体重儿喂养不耐受的临床研究

目的探讨益生菌制剂对极低出生体重儿（very low birth weight infant,VLBW）喂养不耐受的影响。方法将56例极低出生体重儿随机分成治疗组和对照组,每组28例。2组均予静脉营养及早产儿配方奶喂哺,治疗组在早产儿配方奶喂哺时添加益生菌制剂,每次0．5g,3次／d,2组同时记录恢复出生体重时间、达全胃肠喂养时间及黄疽消退时间。结果治疗组恢复出生体重时间、达全胃肠喂养时间均显著短于对照组（P〈0．01）,治疗组黄疸消退时间也明显缩短（P〈0．05）。微生态制剂治疗过程中无不良反应发生。结论益生菌制剂可改善极低出生体重儿喂养不耐受,促进患儿体重增长,缩短达到全胃肠喂养时间,值得推广应用。     

Mutagenicity,carcinogenicity, and teratogenicity of acrylonitrile

Acrylonitrile (AN) is an important intermediary for the synthesis of a variety of organic products, such as artificial fibres, household articles and resins. Although acute effects are the primary concern for an exposure to AN, potential genotoxic, carcinogenic and teratogenic risks of AN have to be taken seriously in view of the large number of workers employed in such industries and the world-wide population using products containing and possibly liberating AN. An understanding of the effect of acrylonitrile must be based on a characterization of its metabolism as well as of the resulting products and their genotoxic properties. Tests for mutagenicity in bacteria have in general been positive, those in plants and on unscheduled DNA synthesis doubtful, and those on chromosome aberrations in vivo negative. Wherever positive results had been obtained, metabolic activation of AN appeared to be a prerequisite. The extent to which such mutagenic effects are significant in man depends, however, also on the conditions of exposure. It appears from the limited data that the ultimate mutagenic factor(s), such as 2-cyanoethylene oxide, may have little opportunity to act under conditions where people are exposed because it is formed only in small amounts and is rapidly degraded. The carcinogenic action of AN has been evaluated by various agencies and ranged from `reasonably be anticipated to be a human carcinogen' to `cannot be excluded', the most recent evaluation being `possibly carcinogenic to humans'. Animal data that confirm the carcinogenic potential of AN have certain limitations with respect to the choice of species, type of tumors and length of follow up. Epidemiological studies which sometimes, but not always, yielded positive results, encounter the usual difficulties of confounding factors in chemical industries. Exposure of workers to AN should continue to be carefully monitored, but AN would not have to be considered a cancer risk to the population provided limitations on releases from consumer products and guidelines on AN in water and air are enforced. AN is teratogenic in laboratory animals (rat, hamster) at high doses when foetal/embryonic (and maternal) toxicity already is manifest. Pregnant workers should not be exposed to AN. In view of the small concentrations generally encountered outside plants, women not professionally exposed would appear not to be at risk of teratogenic effects due to AN. Future research should concentrate on the elucidation of the different degradation pathways in man and on epidemiological studies in workers including pregnant women, assessing also, if possible, individual exposure by bio-monitoring.     

眼镜蛇毒对大鼠脑桥前庭神经核nNOS表达的影响

目的 观察眼镜蛇毒对大鼠脑干神经元型一氧化氮合酶(nNOS)表达的影响,探讨其对前庭神经核的作用.方法 采用免疫组织化学方法,观察nNOS阳性细胞在眼镜蛇毒组、生理盐水组、正常对照组大鼠前庭神经核中的表达,并对其作比较.结果 蛇毒组前庭神经核nNOS表达与正常对照组、生理盐水组比较有明显下调(P＜0.01);蛇毒组前庭神经核nNOS阳性细胞灰度值与正常对照组、生理盐水组比较明显增高(P＜0.01),蛇毒对前庭神经核nNOS阳性细胞形态影响不明显.结论 眼镜蛇毒对前庭神经核nNOS表达呈下调作用.