维护心理健康走出亚健康

世界卫生组织调查表明,目前约有70％的人不同程度地生活在亚健康状态。亚健康是介于健康与疾病之间的一种临界状态。其具有双向性,如果经过合理的调理和维护可以走向健康;如果没有引起足够的重视则会导致疾病的发生,本文谈一谈如何维护心理健康、走出亚健康。     

益生菌与肠道疾病

益生菌是一类消化时能对宿主的健康和生理功能产生积极影响的非病原微生物.他们由酵母菌和细菌,特别是乳酸菌组成,其在肠道中的命运及作用因菌株而异.益生菌的作用可直接或间接地通过调节内源性菌群或免疫系统来实现.虽然益生菌的使用对其他疾病也有减轻作用,但通常被用来治疗与胃肠道相关的疾病.尽管如此,只有少数益生菌菌株在随机取样、安慰剂作对照的临床试验中被认为是有益生作用的.本文就目前益生菌在治疗人类胃肠道疾病中的应用效果进行了综述.     

微生态制剂在儿童肠道疾病的应用进展

儿童患者作为一个特殊的群体,由于其生理及心理尚未发育成熟,对外来致病因索的防御能力及防御意识不够,成为肠道疾病的易感群体。微生态制剂自20世纪70年代问世以来,由于其在防病治病、保健等方面显示出特殊的功效而受到普遍重视,也为临床儿童肠道疾病的治疗提供了有效的手段。笔者就近年来微生态制剂在儿童肠道疾病中的应用进展作一综述。     

2014年《灵长类动物与人类疾病模型》专刊征稿启事

继2011、2012、2013年分别出版3辑《灵长类动物与人类疾病模型》后,我们拟在2014年第4次出版该专题特刊。为了使该专题覆盖的作者面更广,我们诚挚地邀请您或您的学科组撰写、提交研究论文、综述、评述类稿件。其具体事项如下:一、稿件征集学科范围与灵长类实验动物(包括树鼩)和动物实验的相关研究,包括生物化学与分子生物学、遗传学、神经生物学、生理学、免疫学、微生物学、病理学等,尤其欢迎关于疾病动物模型建立和致病机理解析的研究工作和专题介绍。     

Role of mitochondrial quality control in exercise-induced health adaptation

Long-term endurance training or physical activity has been confirmed not only to improve physical performance, but to bring about an obvious beneficial effect on human health; however, the mechanism of this effect is not clear. The most studied health adaptations in skeletal muscle response to endurance exercise are increased muscle glycogen level and insulin sensitivity, fiber type transformation toward oxi- dative myofibers, and increased mitochondrial content/function. Mitochondria are dynamic organelles in eukaryotic cells critical in physical performance and disease occurrence. The mitochondrial life cycle spans biogenesis, maintenance, and clearance. Exercise training may promote each of these processes and confer positive impacts on skeletal muscle contractile and metabolic functions. This review focused on the regula- tion of these processes by endurance exercise and discussed its potential benefits in health and disease. We presented evidence suggesting that exercise training potentiates not only the biogenesis of mitochondria but also the removal of old and unhealthy mitochondria through mitochondrial quality control.     

《病毒学报》征稿简则

<正>(2012年11月15日修订)《病毒学报》是病毒学专业学术刊物,创刊于1985年,国际标准刊号:ISSN1000-8721,国内统一刊号:CN 11-1865/R国内邮发代号:82-227,国外发行代号:BM6448。主管单位是中国科学技术协会,主办单位是中国微生物学会,承办单位是中国疾病预防控制中心病毒病预防控制所。本刊是自然科学期刊的核心期刊,中国精品科技期刊。国外入编MEDLINE(PubMed)数据库,     

Raf激酶抑制蛋白的研究进展

Raf激酶抑制蛋白(RKIP)是磷脂酰乙醇胺结合蛋白家族的成员。RKIP通过与Raf-1结合,抑制了Ras/Raf-1/MEK/ERK信号转导通路,并在NF-κB及G蛋白偶联受体(GPCR)信号转导通路中也起重要调节作用。RKIP参与细胞凋亡、肿瘤转移、神经发育以及精子发生等病理生理过程,通过研究RKIP能为治疗相关疾病提供新思路新靶点。本文主要介绍RKIP的生物功能,着重于其在神经系统、肿瘤和生殖系统中的研究进展。     

Genome-wide analysis of Nilaparvata lugens nymphal responses to high-density and low-quality rice hosts

The brown planthopper （BPH） Nilaparvata lugens is an economically impor- tant pest on rice plants. In this study, the higher population density and yellow-ripe stage of rice plants were used to construct adverse survival conditions （ASC） against BPH nymphs. Simultaneously, the low population density and tillering stage of rice plants were used to establish a suitable survival condition （SSC） as a control. Solexa/Illumina sequencing was used to identify genes of BPH nymphs responding to ASC. Significantly longer duration development of BPH nymphs and significantly lower brachypterous ratio of BPH adults were observed by ASC compared with SSC. A total of 2 544 differentially expressed genes （DEGs） were obtained and analyzed by BLASTx, Gene Ontology and KEGG Orthology. Gene ontology analysis revealed that the DEGs were mainly involved in categories of cell, cell part, cellular process, binding, catalytic, organelle and metabolic processes. 1138 DEGs having enzyme commission numbers were assigned to different metabolic pathways. The largest clusters were neurodegenerative diseases （137, 12.0%）, followed by carbohy- drate metabolism （113, 9.9%）, amino acid metabolism （94, 8.3%）, nucleotide metabolism （76, 6.7%）, energy metabolism （64, 5.6%）, translation （60, 5.3%）, lipid metabolism （58, 5.1%）, and folding, sorting and degradation （52, 4.6%）. Expressing profile of 11 DEGs during eight nymphal developmental stages of BPH were analyzed by quantitative real- time polymerase chain reaction. The 11 genes exhibited differential expression between ASC and SSC during at least one developmental stage. The DEGs identified in this study provide molecular proof of how BPH reconfigures its gene expression profile to adapt to overcrowding and low-quality hosts.     

上海市28家三甲医院双休日门诊的现状研究

通过实地调查上海市28家大型三甲医院,获取全市大型三甲医院双休日门诊的开设情况,同时对实行双休日门诊的上海某三甲综合性医院进行2008—2011年的双休日门诊开设前后的诊次分析。结果发现,上海市三甲医院大部分开设了双休日门诊,但是开始的程度和范围不一,双休日门诊在在三甲医院等优质医疗资源集中区是急需的。     

硫化氢与自噬:一把双刃剑

硫化氢(hydrogen sulfide, H_2S)被认为是第三种气体信号分子,在许多生理及病理生理情况下发挥重要的调节作用。然而,在硫化氢对自噬的作用这一方面仍有一些争论。许多信号通路参与硫化氢的促自噬作用,例如AMPK/mTOR、LKB1/STRAD/MO25以及MiR-30c信号通路。同时,也有许多信号通路在硫化氢的抗自噬作用中发挥重要作用,例如SR-A、PI3K/SGK1/GSK3β、PI3K/AKT/mTOR、Nrf2-ROS-AMPK、AMPK/mTOR以及JNK1信号通路。在治疗人类疾病时,可以设计研发新型硫化氢相关药物,通过调节自噬增加疗效。本文主要讨论硫化氢在其介导的自噬信号通路中的作用。