Development of microsatellite markers in heterostylous Hedyotis chrysotricha (Rubiaceae)

? Premise of the study: Microsatellite primers were developed for a heterostylous herb, Hedyotis chrysotricha to investigate the effect of habitat fragmentation on its genetic diversity and population structure. ? Methods and Results: Twelve primer sets were developed and their polymorphisms were tested on 47 individuals from two island populations of H. chrysotricha in Thousand Island Lake of China. The number of alleles per locus ranged from five to 10, with an average of seven alleles. Expected heterozygosity per locus ranged from 0.284 to 0.821 and observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.191 to 0.851. ? Conclusions: We showed that all of the 12 microsatellite markers developed for H. chrysotricha are polymorphic within populations, which should provide a powerful tool for assessing population structure and genetic diversity across fragmented and continuous populations, and for studying the genetic effects of habitat fragmentation on this species.     

Nomenclatural changes in preparation for a World Rubiaceae Checklist

During the preparation of a World Rubiaceae Checklist , numerous unplaced taxa were encountered, including illegitimate and invalid names, and species for which generic placement is uncertain. In this contribution, 35 new combinations and 20 new names are proposed, and the names of three taxa are validated.  © 2008 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society , 2008, 157 , 115–124.     

A tetrahydro beta-carboline trisaccharide from Palicourea coriacea (Cham.) K. Schum

A new tetrahydro beta-carboline alkaloid that has an oligosaccharide unit was isolated from the root extracts of the Palicourea coriacea. The structure was elucidated using spectral methods, including 2D NMR: COSY, HMQC, HMBC and NOESY.     

螺序草属(茜草科)的花粉形态

首次对螺序草属(Spiradiclis B1.)的11种和1变型共16份植物的花粉样品在光镜和电镜下进行了观察。结果表明,本属植物花粉为单粒,小型和中型花粉,近球形至椭球形,辐射对称,常具3孔沟,偶为4孔沟,外壁表面纹饰为孔状。花粉外壁由不连续的具穿孔的覆盖层、柱状结构和基层组成,内外壁明显。此外,本属植物的花粉具有花粉2型和“芽状”结构的现象。螺序草属植物的花粉形态在属下分类上有一定的局限性,但是在个体的系统发育上却可以提供极有价值的信息,如具有花粉单型的种类比花粉二型的种类进化。     

耳草属(HedyotisL.)的起源及地理分布

依据耳草属的系统学,古地理学和细胞染色体资料分析和推论,耳草属植物的起源地点在冈瓦纳古陆,很可能在古陆辽阔的东北部地区。耳草属植物的起源时间不应晚于侏罗纪,有可能在三叠纪就已经出现,并在侏罗纪得到广泛的传播,其迁移的路线有四条,即从起源中心向东经上耳其,伊朗进入东南亚地区,向东南通过古南大陆向印度板块和徜大利亚扩散,向北进入北美地区,向西南进入南美洲地区,随着冈瓦纳古陆的分离,印度板块向北漂移以及澳大利亚与古南大陆的分离,植物迁移与扩散的速度受到了制约,耳草属植物现代分布格局形成的原因在于传播途径的隔断和第四纪冰川的作用。     

白花蛇舌草的抗肿瘤活性和初步化学研究

我们在美国国立肿瘤研究所对白花蛇舌草 (Hedyotisdiffusa)的乙醇提取物及不同的溶剂萃取部位进行了肿瘤细胞株的细胞毒活性筛选 ,发现CH3 OH∶H2 O(9∶1)部位有一定的细胞毒活性 ,特别是对乳腺癌细胞株有中等强度活性。因此我们对该部位进行了初步化学成分研究 ,从中分离得到三个已知化合物 ,即豆甾醇 5 ,2 2 二烯 3β ,7α 二醇 (Stigmasta 5 ,2 2 diene 3β ,7α diol,1) ,豆甾醇 5 ,2 2 二烯 3β ,7β 二醇 (Stigmasta 5 ,2 2 diene 3β ,7β diol,2 )和熊果酸 (Ursolicacid ,3)。其中化合物 (1)和化合物 (2 )系首次从该植物中分离得到 ,同时文献报道这类甾醇类化合物有一定的细胞毒活性。进一步的活性和化学研究仍在进行。     

泰国茜草科少脉粗叶木植物的订正

鲜为人知的泰国少脉粗叶木(Lasianthus oligoneurus)经研究与L．constrictus为同种,应归并为后者的异名。此外,Lasianthus constrictus var.latifolius一变种亦无建立的必要。     

Carapichea guianensis: the correct name for Psychotria carapichea (Rubiaceae), with a correction on the authority of P. carapichea, and a new combination in Carapichea

The correct name forPsychotria carapichea isCarapichea guianensis. Also, the authority ofPsychotria carapichea was previously incorrectly cited, because of an oversight of the illegitimacy ofTapogomea carapichea Poir. The complex taxonomic history of this species is analyzed, and the authority of the binomial is correctly cited. In addition,P. ligularis, which was treated as closely related toC. guianensis in previous publications, is transferred toCarapichea and it is now known asCarapichea ligularis.     

Dereplication of Palicourea sessilis ethanol extracts by UPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS discloses the presence of hydroxycinnamic acid amides and the absence of monoterpene indole alkaloids

Secondary metabolites characterization of ethanol extracts of Palicourea sessilis leaves and stems by UPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS led to putative identification of hydrolysable tannins in leaf extract (ESI negative mode) while hydroxycinnamic acid amides (HCA) such as N-p-coumaroylputrescine and N-feruloylagmatine were detected in both leaf and stems extracts in the ESI positive mode. Secondary metabolites quantification data showed a higher content of total phenolic in the leaf extract while the total alkaloids contents are statistically equivalent in both of the extracts. Furthermore, monoterpene indole alkaloids were not detected in both extracts. The presence of HCA is here firstly reported for a Palicourea species. This finding increases the classes of secondary metabolites occurring in this genus.