动物的体色

几乎所有动物都具有一定的体色。动物体色具有多方面的生物学意义，如吸引配偶、警戒敌人、隐蔽自身等。研究动物的体色对研究动物的行为极为重要。     

油的学问

市场上,食用油琳琅满目,花生油、葵花籽油……满满一货架,相信很多人为“如何选择它们”感到困惑,吃什么样的油对健康更有益？什么样的油才是最适合我们身体的“健康好油”呢？要想了解这些,我们先要了解关于食用油脂的一些知识。食用油脂的分类主要是脂肪的分类,构成脂肪的基本单位是脂肪酸,它的基本结构是碳氢化合物的链。据此,油脂有两种分类,一种是     

猕猴自发性胆结石结构与成份研究

胆结石在除人以外的脊椎动物中极为少见，据Martensson（1941）报道胆结石自然发病率，牛：0.68%；猪：0.24%；马：0.08%；狗：0.04%。在非人灵长类中，自然发生的胆结石在猩猩、狨猴、狒狒、夜猴和猕猴有过报道。     

麻疹疫苗诱发中国仓鼠卵巢细胞(CHO-K_1)染色体畸变和基因突变的研究

实验证明,麻疹病毒及其疫苗可诱发染色体畸变。近年来,病毒活疫苗诱变性的研究由细胞水平深入到基因水平,已经发现脊髓灰质炎疫苗和流感疫苗可诱发中国仓鼠细胞(V79)HGPRT位点突变,但有关麻疹疫苗的研究,还未见报道。本实验以中国仓鼠卵巢细胞(CHO)次黄嘌呤——鸟嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶位点突变检测系统(CHO/HGPRT)检测国产麻疹疫苗的诱变性,为麻疹疫苗遗传安全性的认识提供依据。     

乙型肝炎表面抗原S—蛋白糖化位点序列的人工变异及其哺乳动物细胞表…

利用末端重叠ＰＣＲ法和定点突变技术，获得了去除Ｎ－连接多糖结构的乙肝表面抗原Ｓ突变基因，将乙肝表面抗原Ｓ－蛋白中结合Ｎ－连多糖结构序列Ａｓｎ－Ｘ－Ｔｈｒ中的第１４８苏氨酸的密码子ＡＣＴ，改变为编码甘氨酸的密码子ＧＧＴ。构建了该突变基因的表达载体并在ＣＨＯ细胞中表达，筛选到两株表达水平较高的细胞系。对其中的一株细胞系Ｃ４１的表达产物做了初步纯化和鉴定，纯化样品经ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ电泳分析，只含有２３ｋ     

Fractal root system of Melica przewalskyi along different aspect in degraded grassland

Aims Fractal root system is phenotypic plasticity result of plant root architecture to respond to environmental heterogeneity, may reflect the growth strategy of plants to adapt to environmental conditions. Our objective was to explore the relationship between root fractal dimension and fractal abundance of fractal root system of Melica przewalskyi population in response to aspect variation in the northwest of China. Methods The study site was located in a degraded alpine grassland on the northern slope in Qilian Mountains, Gansu Province, China. Survey and sampling were carried out at 40 plots which were set up along four slope aspects transects with 20 m distance between adjacent plots. Handheld GPS was used to determine the elevation, longitude and latitude of each plot. ArcGIS was used to set up digital elevation model (DEM). Community traits were investigated and six individuals roots of M. przewalskyi were collected randomly at each plot. The samples were cleaned and divided into different organs, then scanning the root with the Win-RHIZO for measurements of fractal dimension and fractal abundance in laboratory, and their biomass were then measured after being dried at 80 °C in an oven. Important findings With the slope aspect turned from north to east, west, and south, the density, height and soil moisture content of the plant community displayed a pattern of initial decline, the height, density, root fractal abundance of M. przewalskyi increased and the root fractal dimension decreased. The root fractal dimension was negatively associated with the fractal abundance in all aspects, but the relationship varied along the slope aspects gradient; there was a highly significant negative correlation (p < 0.01) between the root fractal dimension and fractal abundance at north slope and south slope aspect, whereas the correlation only reached a significant level (p < 0.05) at the east slope aspect and west slope aspect; indicating that there is a trade-off between the root fractal dimension and fractal abundance. In addition, when the slope aspect changed from north to east, west and south, the standardized major axis (SMA) slope of the regression equation in the scaling relationships between root fractal dimension and fractal abundance increased (p < 0.05), indicating that the roots of M. przewalskyi at the droughty southern slope have less branch and more sparse in the same soil volume of root exploitation and utilization. Consequently, the resource allocation pattern on reasonable trade-off between root fractal dimension and fractal abundance in different slope aspect of M. przewalskyi, reflects the relationship between the income and the cost of construction of plant root architecture.     

墨江蜈蚣与少棘蜈蚣的比较研究──Ⅱ．药效和毒理

本文比较了墨江蜈蚣与少棘蜈蚣的药效学和毒理学作用，实验包括抗惊厥试验、对致病性真菌和细菌体外生长的影响、急性毒性试验和染色体畸变实验等。结果两种蜈蚣的３％醋酸提取液对所试的真菌有抑制作用但无杀真菌作用，而对细菌无抑制作用。两种蜈蚣的毒性很低，在给小鼠５０ｇ／ｋｇ的剂量下都无法测出ＬＤ５０。在２０５ｍｇ／ｋｇ条件下的致突变率与未给药的突变率接近，表明两者都无遗传毒性。     

荒漠灌丛土壤动物分布及其生态功能

在干旱、半干旱荒漠生态系统中,灌丛作为一种重要的植被类型,其独特的形态和生理适应特性能够有效促进退化生态系统结构与功能的恢复。土壤动物是荒漠生态系统中不可或缺的重要组成部分,对促进灌丛"肥岛"演变具有重要的生态作用,有利于灌丛生态功能的发挥及退化生态系统的恢复。近年来,国内外学者对荒漠灌丛微生境土壤动物的研究逐步深入,取得大量的研究成果。在此基础上,首先综述荒漠灌丛微生境土壤动物群落分布和生态功能,总结灌丛与土壤动物分布间作用关系的数学模型,针对荒漠灌丛土壤动物研究中存在的问题提出了未来可能的研究方向和建议。