广西植物新资料

报道广西新分布记录 1属 :藤枣属 ,9种 :藤枣 ,印禅铁苋菜 ,泰北五月茶 ,薄叶雀舌木 ,贵州苔草 ,密苞叶苔草 ,矮生苔草 ,华芒鳞苔草 ,遵义苔草。     

Berberine synthesis by callus and cell suspension cultures of Coscinium fenestratum

Callus and cell suspension cultures of Coscinium fenestratum were established from sterile petiole segments on Murashige & Skoog (MS) medium, supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) and benzyl amino purine (BAP). The cells in the culture produced berberine as the major compound. NAA stimulated the product synthesis over 2,4-D. Presence of light inhibited the growth and enhanced the berberine synthesis.Abbreviations BAP 6-benzylaminopurine - 2,4-D 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid - HPLC high pressure liquid chromatography - IAA indole-3-acetic acid - NAA -naphthaleneacetic acid - TLC thin layer chromatography     

Biscoclaurine alkaloids in callus tissues of Stephania cepharantha

Although callus tissues derived from tubers of Stephania cepharantha cannot synthesize the main alkaloids of the original plant, cepharanthine and isotetrandrine, they are able to synthesize biscoclaurine alkaloids, berbamine and aromorine, the latter not being found in the original plant. These results suggest that enzymes controlling specific methylation and methylenedioxy group formation are absent from the callus. The maximum content of total alkaloid in the callus tissues subcultured for 9 months was more than 3 times that of original plant. Alkaloid content was affected by addition of various auxins, IAA being most effective.     

Alkaloids from Hyperbaena columbica

Erythroculine, protostephanine and a new alkaloid have been isolated from Hyperbaena columbica, and the latter has been identified as 3-demethoxy-2     

Integrating fossils in a molecular-based phylogeny and testing them as calibration points for divergence time estimates in Menispermaceae

The phylogeny of extant Menispermaceae (Ranunculales) is reconstructed based on DNA sequences of two chloroplast genes (rbcL and atpB) from 94 species belonging to 56 genera. Fossilized endocarps represent 34 genera. The positions of these are inferred using 30 morphological characters and the molecular phylogeny as a backbone constraint. Nine of the thirteen nodes that are each dated by a fossil are used as calibration points for the estimates of molecular divergence times. BEAST is used to estimate stem a...     

北豆根化学成分及其抗炎活性研究

北豆根，防己科蝙蝠葛(Menispermum dauricum)的干燥根茎，是重要的中药材。为阐明北豆根的药效物质基础，该研究利用硅胶柱层析、大孔吸附树脂及高压制备HPLC等色谱技术对北豆根化学成分进行系统分离，采用NMR等波谱技术对化合物进行结构鉴定，并通过测定化合物对脂多糖(LPS)诱导的巨噬细胞RAW264.7释放NO和IL-6炎症因子的含量评价其抗炎活性。结果表明：(1)从北豆根甲醇提取物中分离鉴定了15个化合物，分别鉴定为对羟基苯甲醛(1)、香草酸(2)、丁香醛(3)、2-羟基-1-(4-羟基-3,5-二甲氧基苯基)-1-丙酮(4)、对羟基苯乙酸甲酯(5)、2-(4-羟苯基)-硝基乙烷(6)、对羟基苯乙腈(7)、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(8)、fragransin B₂(9)、7-hydroxy-3,6-dimethoxy-1,4-phenanthraquinone(10)、棕榈酸(11)、花生酸(12)、β-谷甾醇(13)、β-豆甾醇(14)、胡萝卜苷(15)。其中，化合物4-7、9、12为首次从防己科植物中分离得到，化合物1、3-11、14为首次从蝙蝠葛属植...     

Fossil history of the Menispermaceae (Ranunculales)

The Menispermaceae family (Ranunculales) includes more than 500 extant species. Climbers represent the majority of this family, and these plants are now distributed in all of the tropical and subtropical regions of Americas, Asia and Africa. Their endocarps show a characteristic shape that is easily identified in the fossil floras. Numerous fossil leaves are also mentioned in the literature, but the methods for identifying these fossils are often outdated and need revision. Four tribes of Menispermaceae are present in the fossil record, including Fibraureae, Menispermeae, Pachygoneae and Tinosporeae. Only the Anomospermeae are potentially lacking. The Menispermaceae appear in the Palaeocene, and are common in the Eocene, of Europe and in North America as represented by endocarps and locule-casts. The species of this age show morphological diversification, corresponding with the current familial diversity. A few specimens from the Cretaceous period could be part of this Angiosperm family. Fossils after the Eocene are scarcer, despite several relatively rich outcrops. The maximal expansion of the Menispermaceae during the Palaeocene/Eocene limit correlates with the thermal optimum of the early Tertiary and also parallels the maximal expansion of tropical and subtropical floras. The relative richness of the Eocene era in Menispermaceae could be a consequence of more intense sampling in some regions. The bias in tribe representation can be explained by evolution, ecology or taphonomic hypotheses.     

Cissampeloflavone,a chalcone-flavone dimer from Cissampelos pareira

From the aerial parts of Cissampelos pareira L. (Menispermaceae), a chalcone-flavone dimer has been isolated which, mainly from NMR spectroscopic and MS data, was proved to be 2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-7-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-(2-hydroxy-4,6-dimethoxybenzoyl)-furano[3,2-g]benzopyran-4-one. This has been assigned the trivial name cissampeloflavone. The compound has good activity against Trypanosoma cruzi and T. brucei rhodesiense and has a low toxicity to the human KB cell line.