荞麦水合花粉和花粉管中的被膜小泡

荞麦水合花粉粒和生长中的花粉管中内质网潴泡形成的囊袋状结构较少见,但内质网囊袋中含有丰富的被膜小泡,直径约为100－150nm。刚刚形成的花粉管中,被膜小泡主要来自于花粉粒营养细胞的细胞质。生长中的花粉管的被膜小泡可由高尔基体分泌形成。另外还观察到内质网的碎裂也是荞麦花粉管中产生被膜小泡的一种机制。花粉管的被膜小泡中含有花粉管壁的前体物质,与花粉管的壁融合参与花粉管的生长。被膜小泡可能含有与脂体和造粉质体水解有关的酶,参与此类物质的降解。荞麦花柱和柱头细胞内含物的解体物质参与花粉管的生长。     

四川省野生荞麦资源的开发利用

四川省具有丰富的野生荞麦资源。对四川省的野生荞麦种类、分布情况和营养、药用价值进行了详细综述,并根据主要种类的营养、药用价值提出了合理开发利用野生荞麦的途径。     

A Rapid Purification Procedure for Camel Kidney Glutathione S-Transferase

Glutathione S-transferase was isolated from supernatant of camel kidney homogenate centrifugation at 37, 000 xg by glutathione agarose affinity chromatography. The enzyme preparation has a specific activity of 44 μ;mol/min/mg protein and recovery was more than 85% of the enzyme activity in the crude extract. Glutathione agarose affinity chromatography resulted in a purification factor of about 49 and chromatofocusing resolved the purified enzyme into two major isoenzymes (pI 8.7 and 7.9) and two minor isoenzymes (pI 8.3 and 6.9). The homogeneity of the purified enzyme was analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and gel filtration on Sephadex G-100.

The different isoenzymes were composed of a binary combination of two subunits with molecular weight of 29, 000 D and 26, 000 D to give a native molecular weight of 55, 000 D.

The substrate specificities of the major camel kidney glutathione S-transferase isoenzymes were determined towards a range of substrates. l-chloro-2, 4-dinltrobenzene was the preferred substrate for all the isoenzymes. Isoenzyme III (pI 7.9) had higher specific activity for ethacrynic acid and isoenzyme II (pI 8.3) was the only isoenzyme that exhibited peroxidase activity. Ouchterlony double-diffusion analysis with rabbit antiserum prepared against the camel kidney enzyme showed fusion of precipitation lines with the enzymes from camel brain, liver and lung and no cross reactivity was observed with enzymes from kidneys of sheep, cow, rat, rabbit and mouse.

Different storage conditions have been found to affect the enzyme activity and the loss in activity was marked at room temperature and upon repeated freezing and thawing.     

The anionic protease inhibitor BWI-1 from buckwheat seeds. Kinetic properties and possible biological role

Kinetic characteristics and effects on the growth of filamentous fungi of one of the main anionic protease inhibitors, BWI-1, isolated from buckwheat seeds, have been studied. The inhibition constants of bovine trypsin, chymotrypsin and cathepsin G from human granulocytes with BWI-1 were found to be 1.1, 67 and 200 n M , respectively. Analysis of the amino acid sequence of BWI-1 in the vicinity of the reactive site revealed its homology to the potato proteinase inhibitor I family. It is suggested that the inability of BWI-1 to bind elastase of human granulocytes is due to the basic nature of the amino acid residue (Arg) at the P_j position in its reactive site. It was demonstrated that BWI-1 was able to suppress the germination of the spores and the growth of the mycelium of two filamentous fungi.     

普通甜荞主要数量性状相关遗传力的测定

对24个普通甜荞品种,7个主要数量性状,进行了遗传力、遗传相关和相关遗传力的测定．结果表明：株粒数与株粒重h_xy~2=0.8208,有效花序数与株粒重h_xy~2=0.6829,千粒重与株粒重h_xy~2=0.4498;株高、主茎节数,一级分枝数3个性状与株粒重的相关遗传力差异均不显著。     

UV-C照射对苦荞芽生长及品质的影响

以苦荞为材料,研究了不同时间UV.C照射对苦荞芽生长及品质的影响,结果表明：UV-C照射对苦荞芽株高有一定的抑制作用;UV-C照射可以增加苦荞芽的茎粗,平均增粗4.25%;UV-C照射对苦荞芽根长的抑制作用不明显;短时间UV-C照射抑制苦荞芽鲜重的效应不明显;短时间UV-C照射可以提高苦荞芽叶绿素的含量,平均比对照提高24.58%;UV-C照射可以提高苦荞芽总黄酮和Vc的含量,平均分别提高11.42%和23.38%;短时间UV-C照射可以促进苦养芽氨基酸含量的提高,平均挺高22.52%,长时间照射降低苦养芽氨基酸的含量.     

荞麦中氨基酸含量的分析

采用日立８３５—５０型氨基酸分析仪,测定了九个品种荞麦的氨基酸含量,结果表明：①谷氨酸的含量在荞麦中的比例最高。②荞麦中赖氨酸的含量高于一般谷实类赖氨酸的含量。③苦荞与甜荞之间在氨基酸总量上无显著性差异。     

Amino acid sequence of the 26 kDa subunit of legumin-type seed storage protein of common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench): molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis

The paper describes the amino acid sequence of a 26 kDa basic subunit of 13S globulin of common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench). The protein has 93 and 75% sequence homology with 11S globulin of Coffea arabica and beta subunit of 11S globulin of Cucurbita pepo respectively. The subunit has the "globally conserved" N-terminal sequence consisting of Gly-Ile-Asp-Glu and the cysteine at P7' from the proteolytic processing site. A conserved 7 residue domain of Pro-His-Trp-Asn-Ile-Asn-Ala, characteristic of basic subunits of legumins from non-leguminous angiosperms, is also present in this protein. A distinguishing features of this subunit is the relatively high level of lysine and methionine.     

黄土丘陵区荞麦引种试验研究

以解决黄土丘陵区荞麦品种老化问题为主题,通过1995-1997年3年对239个荞麦品种的试种,鉴定,筛选,选择出了5个适应黄土丘陵区生态条件且高产,稳产的荞麦品种,并提出了该区荞麦品种的生态类型。     

荞麦高频离体再生及发根农杆菌转化体系的建立

荞麦无菌苗下胚轴切段在不同激素配比的MS培养基上诱导愈伤组织,出愈率均为100％。在2．0mg/L2,4-D和1．5mg/L 6-BA组合下诱导产生的愈伤组织;转入2．0mg/L 6-BA和1．0mg/L KT的MS培养基,再生苗分化率在80％以上。根尖色体分析表明再生植株具一定的遗传稳定性。发根农杆菌A4转化荞麦下胚轴和子叶获得发状根,纸电泳检测所有随机取样测定的发状根均有相应冠瘿碱的存在。