从蓝藻Anabaena cylindrica囊状体膜分离的叶绿素蛋白复合体

当蓝藻的囊状体膜在SDS与叶绿素之比为10:1的条件下增溶后,经不连续的SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分离出六条含叶绿素的带。按照电泳迁移率增加的顺序,以及吸收光谱和荧光光谱的鉴定结果,自上而下分别命名为CP1a,CP1b,CP1c,CP1,CPa和FC。 CP1a,CP1b,CP1c和CP1四种复合体在蓝区和红区的吸收峰分别位于435 nm和675 nm处。该四种复合体在77°K的荧光发射峰位于726～728 nm。铁氰化钾-抗坏血酸氧化还原差异光谱证明这四种复合体都含有 P 700, 说明它们属于光系统Ⅰ反应中心复合体。低温荧光激发光谱表明这些复合体在625～626 nm,677 nm,690～692 nm和712～714 nm处有四个共同的荧光激发峰或肩。根据其E677/E714的比值,可将它们分为CP1a,CP1b和CP1c,CP1两种类型。它们之间的差异在于这两类复合体之间不同状态的色素比例明显不同。 第五种叶绿素蛋白复合体CPa在蓝区的吸收峰位于435nm处,在红区的吸收峰位于672nm处,CPa在77°K的荧光发射峰位于686 nm处,另外在690～696nm范围内还有一个较弱的肩。它属于光系统Ⅱ反应中心复合体。它仅存在于营养胞中。 异形胞中只有光系统Ⅰ反应中心复合体。     

脱春化对冬小麦幼芽中可溶性蛋白质组成及植株个体发育状态的影响

Tomita 曾证明冬小麦经长时间低温诱导之后有新的蛋白质形成;Dévay 观察到在低温下合成一种核糖核酸酶Ⅰ;Sasaki 证明,冬小麦幼苗的染色质中有一种耐低温的核糖核酸酶.但这些在低温下形成的蛋白质是否与发育过程有关,尚未得到证明。应用蛋白质合成的专一性抑制剂的实验表明,在低温诱导的中期,氯霉素能抑制春化过程的进行,而在这之前或之后都没有抑制作用。说明在春化过程中期,植株体内的蛋白质合成     

Characterization of photosynthesis, photoinhibition and the activities of C4 pathway enzymes in a superhigh-yield rice, Liangyoupeijiu

Characteristics of photosynthetic gas exchange, photoinhibition and C₄ pathway enzyme activities in both flag leaves and lemma were compared between a superhigh-yield rice (Oryza sativa L.) hybrid, Liangyoupeijiu and a traditional rice hybrid, Shanyou63. Liangyoupeijiu had a similar light saturated assimilation rate (Asat) to Shanyou63, but a much higher apparent quantum yield (AQY), carboxylation efficiency (CE) and quantum yield of CO₂ fixation (ΦCO₂). Liangyoupeijiu also showed a higher resistance to photoinhibition and higher non-radiative energy dissipation associated with the xanthophyll cycle than Shanyou63 when subjected to strong light. In addition, Liangyoupeijiu had higher activities of the C₄ pathway enzymes in both flag leaves and lemmas than Shanyou63. These results indicate that higher light and CO₂ use efficiency, higher resistance to photoinhibition and C₄ pathway in both flag leaf and lemma may contribute to the higher yield of the superhigh-yield rice hybrid, Liangyoupeijiu.     

Characterization of photosynthesis, photoinhibition and the activities of C4 pathway enzymes in a superhigh-yield rice, Liangyoupeijiu

Characteristics of photosynthetic gas exchange, photoinhibition and C4 pathway enzyme activities in both flag leaves and lemma were compared between a superhigh-yield rice (Oryza sativa L.) hybrid, Liangyoupeijiu and a traditional rice hybrid, Shanyou63. Liangyoupeijiu had a similar light saturated assimilation rate (Asat) to Shanyou63, but a much higher apparent quantum yield (AQY), carboxylation efficiency (CE) and quantum yield of CO2 fixation (φCO2). Liangyoupeijiu also showed a higher resistance to photoinhibition and higher non-radiative energy dissipation associated with the xanthophyll cycle than Shanyou63 when subjected to strong light. In addition, Liangyoupeijiu had higher activities of the C4 pathway enzymes in both flag leaves and lemmas than Shanyou63. These results indicate that higher light and CO2 use efficiency, higher resistance to photoinhibition and C4 pathway in both flag leaf and lemma may contribute to the higher yield of the superhigh-yield rice hybrid, Liangyoupeijiu.