Application of a growth-promoting bacteria for stable mass culture of three marine microalgae

The practical mass culture of marine microalgae, facesoccasionally unexpected problems or collapse. The effect of amarine bacterium, Flavobacterium sp., which was found topromote growth of a marine diatom Chaetoceros gracilisin the axenic culture condition, was examined on the masscultures of three marine microalgae.Three marine microalgae (C. gracilis, Isochrysisgalbana, and Pavlova lutheri) were mass cultured in 3 lflatbottom flasks (2.5 l capacity of culture medium), in anindoor culture room at a commercial pearl oyster hatchery. Themicroalgal cells and the bacterium were inoculated at the sametime, in the culture media. The specific growth rate andmaximal cell density were determined in treated cultures (withadded bacterial strain) and in controls (without addedbacterial strain). The specific growth rate of C.gracilis in treated cultures was significantly higher thanthat of control cultures, and the stationary growth phase inthe treated cultures lasted longer till the end of the cultureperiod. However, the bacterium had no apparent effect on theexponential growth phase of two phytoflagellates, I.galbana and P. lutheri, but kept longer the high celldensity in the stationary growth phases. The added bacterialstrain (Flavobacterium sp.) was the dominant species(more than 45%) among the bacterial flora during the cultureperiod.     

微生物实验室管理模式初探

根据微生物学的实践教学特点, 从改革实验大纲和管理方式入手, 积极探索并初步构建了开放微生物实验室在空间场地、仪器设备、实验时间、实验内容等方面的运行与管理模式, 并在实践中收到了良好的成效。     

关于动物学实验课教学设计的新探讨

现代生物技术科学研究的快速发展与新成果的不断取得,使基础教学中动物学实验课的改革已成为必然。本文分析动物学实验课的特点,正是探讨如何应用现代教学设计理论来设计动物学实验课教学,以提高动物学实验课教与学的有效性。     

结合学科建设的应用型本科院校的微生物学实验教学改革

微生物学实验作为生物学科的重要基础课程,在创新人才培养和素质教育中起着重要作用。提高学生的创新实践能力,培养服务区域经济的创新型应用人才是地方应用型本科高校的办学目标。结合长治学院的学科建设,探讨了普通地方本科院校应用型人才培养中,微生物学实验教学模式的新思路,建立了由基础性实验和综合设计性实验相结合的实验内容,开放学科实验室为学生搭建科研创新实践平台,借助微信平台实现"线上"与"线下"的互动交流学习,构建了科学考核评价体系。改革后的新型教学模式能够切实提高教学质量,对学生的能力培养和综合素质提升起到积极促进作用。     

烟草工程专业微生物学课程教学初探

烟草工程专业行业性明显,特色鲜明,微生物学是必修课程。为加强针对性,在当前没有专门教材的情况下,以现有教材为基础进行了适当取舍,只讲授必要的理论知识,实践教学着重规范实验操作,掌握基本技术,培养无菌意识。     

生物学实践活动资源的开发与利用

生物学实践活动资源是开展实践活动的重要基础,是培养学生生物科学素养的条件。在开发和利用生物学实践活动资源时,应当从三个方面入手。一是建设好学校生物园,开放生物实验室,充分挖掘校内实践活动资源的潜力;二是努力开发和利用校外实践活动资源,充分发挥动物园、植物园、学校周围的社区资源以及自然保护区、森林公园等自然生境的作用;三是有效开发和利用信息资源,发挥图书馆、教学软件和网络资源的作用。     

Practical Preparation of Epilactose Produced with Cellobiose 2-Epimerase from Ruminococcus albus NE1

A practical purification method for a non-digestible disaccharide, epilactose (4-O-β-galactosyl-D-mannose), was established. Epilactose was synthesized from lactose with cellobiose 2-epimerase and purified by the following procedure: (i) removal of lactose by crystallization, (ii) hydrolysis of lactose by β-galactosidase, (iii) digestion of monosaccharides by yeast, and (iv) column chromatography with Na-form cation exchange resin. Epilactose of 91.1% purity was recovered at 42.5% yield.     

Genomic organization of selected genes in the small monogonont rotifer, Brachionus koreanus

Information of genome structure with its size variation may provide important clues for evolutionary processes at lower taxon level in eukaryotes. Here, we analyzed the compact genome structure of the monogonont rotifer, Brachionus koreanus in the light of transphyletic genome comparison and economic genome usage. To confirm the genome compactness of B. koreanus, we compared the genomic structure of several selected genes with those of human and pufferfish. For example, one of the large genes, DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) with dimeric protein Ku70 and Ku80, showed high similarity, even though genomic DNA lengths were quite different. The replication protein As (RPAs) as a heterotrimeric protein also showed a compact genomic structure including all the essential domains and motifs in B. koreanus. Regarding transmembrane protein-containing genes, the B. koreanus P-glycoprotein (P-gp) showed exactly the same topology of the TM domain compared to those of human and pufferfish, even though it had a compact genome structure. In addition, the gene structure of an inducible repair enzyme O(6)-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (O(6)-MGMT) of B. koreanus showed the highest compactness among the genes tested. The objective of this report is to evaluate the potential for whole genome sequencing and functional genomic research using the monogonont rotifer B. koreanus as a non-model organism that plays important roles in aquatic food-webs. Subsequently, we discussed possible reasons for compact genome structures as well as small and fewer introns from several perspectives. We conclude that the small size genome of B. koreanus would make this species potentially useful for comparative genome structure analysis of non-model species through whole genome sequencing and genetic mapping.     

以开放性细胞生物学实验教学模式为契机培养实践性、创新型人才

针对目前细胞生物学实验教学的实际情况,提出了以开放性思想为指导的教学思路。实践表明,从教学方式、教学及科研平台、实验准备工作、实验室大型仪器设备管理及公选实验课的开设等方面深入实施开放的教学理念,就能逐步实现培养实践性、创新型人才的目的。     

Bioethics and practical justice in the post‐COVID‐19 era

The ethical concept of justice, as it relates to the development and deployment of innovative health technologies, commands the fair and equitable distribution of burdens and benefits. In bioethics, specific guidance on practical strategies for achieving what this concept of justice demands are somewhat elusive. Drawing on issues of justice arising or likely to arise in the context of the search for a vaccine or cure for COVID‐19, this paper argues for a focus on the concept of “practical justice” in post‐pandemic bioethics work. To illustrate the value and promise of this concept, the paper reflects on an approach to achieving practical justice in health biotechnology research that is grounded in a commitment to offer technical assistance to developing and under‐resourced nations.