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11.
Petter Saxegaard Britta Renstrm Carter Litchfield Synnve Liaaen-Jensen Gunner Borch Yoshito Tanaka 《Biochemical Systematics and Ecology》1981,9(4):325-327
The identity of the carotenoids tedaniaxanthin and allopurpurin from marine sponges has been demonstrated by a direct quantitative comparison of their I2-catalysed stereomutation mixtures (HPLC and visible spectra). Studies on the geometrical isomerism are reported. The 2R-configuration is assigned on the basis of a CD-correlation of the HPLC-purified all-trans isomer and (3R,3′R)-aloxanthin. 相似文献
12.
《Marine Biology Research》2007,3(2):109-116
Phakellia sur sp. nov. is described from the lower slope off Cape Horn (South America). The species differs from other Phakellia by the possession of straight strongyles as a category of megascleres. A revision of literature records of Phakellia is also provided. 相似文献
13.
Synnøve Liaaen-Jensen Britta Renstrøm Thomas Ramdahl Merete Hallenstvet Patricia Bergquist 《Biochemical Systematics and Ecology》1982,10(2):167-174
The 42 identified carotenoids isolated from 36 different marine spontes may, from structural considerations, be divided into four groups; (a) native phytoplankton-type carotenoids; (b) intact carotenoids of possible zooplankton origin, 9c) intact carotenoids of probable bacterial of fungal origin; and (d) sponge metabolized carotenoids. Groups (a) and (d) are the major categories, group (d) comprises several mono- and diaryl carotenoids and some oxygenated carotenoids so far peculiar to the Demospongiae. Chemosystematic considerations suggest that highest capacity for carotenoid accumulation and transformation is to be found within the orders Poecilosclerida and Axinellida, which exhibit similar carotenoid patterns. The screening of carotenoids in 34 coloured species from the Australian RRIMP collection showed a total carotenoid content of 0.1–90 × 10?3% of the ry wt. individual carotenoids were characterized for 16 species including 11 previously known carotenoids, two new partly characterized methoxylated carotenoids and some phenolic carotenoids. 相似文献
14.
From the Kimmeridgian (Upper Jurassic) of Portugal, the coralline sponge Sobralispongia densespiculata nov. gen. and nov. sp. is described. Main characteristics are a crustose habit, a primary spicule skeleton of very densely packed styles and subtylostyles arranged in a plumose architecture, microscleres of possibly aster-type, and a microgranular to fibrous secondary calcareous skeleton. The primary mineralogy of the calcareous skeleton was probably high-Mg calcitic. An assignment to the demosponge Order Axinellida is proposed. 相似文献
15.
Sterol composition and the classification of the demospongiae 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Patricia R. Bergquist W. Hofheinz W. Hofheinz G. Oesterhelt 《Biochemical Systematics and Ecology》1980,8(4):423-435
The Demospongiae (Porifera) have yielded a wide range of novel and conventional sterols; a sample of 55 species screened and reported on have yielded 45 distinct sterol structures. The taxonomic relevance of the occurrence of particular sterols or overall sterol complement is evaluated and has proved to be informative in the case of the Verongida, Nepheliospongida, Axinellida and Hadromerida. A possible relationship between the occurrence of 26-methyl sterols and oviparous reproductive patterns within the Ceractinomorpha is noted. Sterol complement is observed to be qualitatively stable despite season and location of collection. High molecular weight sterols, present as major components, are probable membrane constituents. They afford an interesting parallel to the occurrence of diverse, high carbon fatty acids in sponge membranes. 相似文献
16.
Rangel M Konno K Brunaldi K Procopio J De Freitas JC 《Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Toxicology & pharmacology : CBP》2005,141(2):207-215
In our search for marine bioactive compounds we chose a Brazilian Coast sponge, Geodia corticostylifera (Demospongiae), whose extracts showed previously antibacterial and antifungal activities. In the present work we studied the following toxic properties of G. corticostylifera extract: neurotoxic (in mouse neuromuscular junction); mouse acute toxicity (IP) and haemolytic (against mouse and frog erythrocytes). Insertion of ionic channels in planar lipid bilayers in presence of a haemolytic purified fraction of the extract was observed. The toxic activities of G. corticostylifera crude extract are related to the formation of ionic pores in the cell membrane, which induce the release of haemoglobin from erythrocytes, and depolarization of nerve and muscle membranes. These last physiological effects cause the blockade of the diaphragm contractions, leading to death through respiratory arrest. 相似文献
17.
A 2550-bp portion of the mitochondrial genome of a Demosponge, genus Tetilla, was amplified from whole genomic DNA extract and sequenced. The sequence was found to code for the 3′ end of the 16S rRNA
gene, cytochrome c oxidase subunit II, a lysine tRNA, ATPase subunit 8, and a 5′ portion of ATPase subunit 6. The Porifera cluster distinctly
within the eumetazoan radiation, as a sister group to the Cnidaria. Also, the mitochondrial genetic code of this sponge is
likely identical to that found in the Cnidaria. Both the full COII DNA and protein sequences and a portion of the 16S rRNA
gene were found to possess a striking similarity to published Cnidarian mtDNA sequences, allying the Porifera more closely
to the Cnidaria than to any other metazoan phylum. The gene arrangement, COII—tRNALys—ATP8—ATP6, is observed in many Eumetazoan phyla and is apparently ancestral in the metazoa.
Received: 24 November 1997 / Accepted: 14 September 1998 相似文献
18.
Marine sponges (Porifera) are the best source of marine bioactive metabolites for drug discovery and development, although
the sustainable production of most sponge-derived metabolites remains a difficult task. In vitro cultivation of sponge cells
in bioreactors has been proposed as a promising technology. However, no continuous cell line has as yet been developed. Archaeocytes
are considered to be toti/multipotent stem cells in sponges and, when purified, may allow the development of continuous sponge
cell lines. As a prerequisite, we have developed a novel four-step protocol for the purification of archaeocytes from a marine
sponge, Hymeniacidon perleve: (1) differential centrifugation to separate large sponge cells including archaeocytes; (2) selective agglomeration in low-Ca2+/Mg2+ artificial seawater in which living archaeocytes form small loose aggregates with some pinacocytes and collencytes; (3) differential
adherence to remove anchorage-dependent pinacocytes, collencytes and other mesohyl cells; (4) Ficoll-Vrografin density gradient
centrifugation to purify archaeocytes. The final purity of archaeocytes is greater than 80%. The proliferation potential of
the archaeocytes has been demonstrated by high levels of BrdU incorporation, PCNA expression and telomerase activity. In 4-day
primary cultures, the purified archaeocytes show a 2.5-fold increase in total cell number. This study opens an important avenue
towards developing sponge cell cultures for the commercial exploitation of sponge-derived drugs.
The authors are grateful for the financial support of the Chinese Academy of Sciences under the “100 Talent Project”, the
“Innovation Fund” from the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, the “Hi-Tech Research and Development Program of China” (2001AA620404),
and the European Commission (project: Silicon Biotechnology). 相似文献
19.
Patricia R. Bergquist M.P. Lawson A. Lavis R.C. Cambie 《Biochemical Systematics and Ecology》1984,12(1):63-84
Investigation of the fatty acid profiles of 55 species of Porifera has confirmed the occurrence of high percentages of both long chain fatty acids (C24-C30) and polyunsaturated acids. These features of the fatty acid profile in conjunction with the content of branched chain acids and the dominance of particular acids in different species allow some systematic discussion. The Dictyoceratida, Clathriidae, Halichondrida, Homoscleromorpha and Calcarea are distinguished by aspects of their fatty acid profiles. The diversity in number and type of sponge fatty acids exceeds that of any other phylum. Environmentally induced variation in fatty acid content is such that percentage compositions alone have little taxonomic informational value. 相似文献
20.
Donato Sica Francesc De Simone Eliseo Ramundo Franco Zollo 《Biochemical Systematics and Ecology》1978,6(1):77-79
The sterol composition of four sponges was determined by a combination of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Cliona viridis and Chondrosia reniformis contained mainly C27-C29Δ5 mono- and di-unsaturated sterols. Halichondria bowerbanki and Hymeniacidon sanguinea contained stanols and Δ5-sterols. Cholestanol was the major component of the sterol mixtures. 相似文献