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排序方式: 共有50条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
31.
Joan M. V. Blasi Valentín Ceña Carmen González-García Jordi Marsal Carles Solsona 《Neurochemical research》1988,13(11):1035-1041
We have studied the correlation between [3H]ouabain binding sites, (Na++K+)ATPase (EC 3.6.1.3) activity and acetylcholine (ACh) release in different subcellular fractions ofTorpedo marmorata electric organ (homogenate, synaptosomes, presynaptic plasma membranes). Presynaptic plasma membranes contained the greater number of [3H]ouabain binding sites in good agreement with the high (Na++K+)ATPase activity found in this fraction. Blockade of this enzymatic activity by ouabain dose-dependently induced ACh release from pure cholinergic synaptosomes, either in the presence or absence of extracellular calcium ions. We suggest that one of the mechanisms involved in the ouabain-induced ACh release in the absence of Ca2+
o may be an increase in Na+
i that could (a) evoke Ca2+ release from internal stores and (b) inhibit ATP-dependent Ca2+ uptake by synaptic vesicles. 相似文献
32.
Abstract— The presynaptic regulation of stimulated dopa-mine release from superfused rat striatal synaptosomes by opioids and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) was studied. It was found that in addition to dopamine D2 autoreceptors, calcium-dependent K+-stimulated [3H]dopamine release was inhibited through activation of a homogeneous population of k -opioid receptors in view of the potent inhibitory effect of the k -selective agonist U69.593 (EC50 0.2 nM) and its antagonism by norbinaltorphimine. Neither μ-nor δ-selective receptor agonists affected release of [3H]-dopamine. In addition, GABA potently inhibited the evoked [3H]dopamine release (EC50 0.4 nM) through activation of GABAA receptors in view of the GABA-mimicking effect of muscimol, the sensitivity of its inhibitory effect to picro-toxin and bicuculline, and the absence of an effect of the GABAB receptor agonist baclofen. In the presence of a maximally effective concentration of GABA, U69,593 did not induce an additional release-inhibitory effect, indicating that these receptors and the presynaptic D2 receptor are colocalized on the striatal dopaminergic nerve terminals. The excitatory amino acid agonists N-methyl-d -aspartate and kainate, as well as the cholinergic agonist carbachol, stimulated [3H]dopamine release, which was subject to k -opioid receptor-mediated inhibition. In conclusion, striatal dopamine release is under regulatory control of multiple excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitter by activation of colocalized presynaptic receptors for excitatory amino acids, acetylcholine, dopamine, dynorphins, and GABA within the dopaminergic nerve terminals. Together, these receptors locally control ongoing dopamine neurotransmission. 相似文献
33.
Abstract: Using isolated cholinergic synaptosomes prepared from Torpedo electric organ, we studied the effects of N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCCD) on acetylcholine (ACh) synthesis, compartmentation, and release after stimulation. Whereas ACh synthesis was unchanged, ACh compartmentation inside synaptosomes was affected by the presence of DCCD. In resting conditions, the uptake into the synaptic vesicle pool of newly synthesized ACh (i.e., [14 C]ACh synthesized in the presence of the drug) was progressively and markedly inhibited as the duration of DCCD preincubation was increased, whereas compartmentation of endogenous ACh was unchanged in the presence of DCCD. After stimulation, the release of endogenous ACh from DCCD-treated synaptosomes was similar to that of control, in contrast to the release of [14 C]ACh, which was markedly inhibited. This inhibition was observed whatever the conditions of stimulation used (gramicidin D, calcium ionophore A23187, or KCI depolarization). The study of the compartmentation of [14 C]ACh during stimulation revealed a transfer of highly labeled ACh from the free to the bound ACh compartment in the presence of DCCD, suggesting the existence of several ACh subcompartments within the free and bound ACh pools. The present results are discussed in comparison with the previously reported effects of vesamicol (AH5183) on ACh compartmentation and release. 相似文献
34.
Synaptosomes were prepared from bovine brain by zonal rotor sucrose density centrifugation. While a major fraction of lipid-bound sialic acid is included uniformly within the synaptosomal distribution profile, the sialoglycoproteins and some gangliosides do not follow this pattern, Exposure to extrasynaptosomal calcium results in alterations in the surface labeling properties of some gangliosides and membrane plasmalogens, suggesting that extrasynaptic Ca2+ may influence the conformation of complex lipids in synaptic plasma membranes. The level of intrinsic membrane-associated sialidase activity that liberates sialic acid from these sialoglycoconjugates parallels the synaptosomal buoyant density distribution profile, supporting a view that this enzyme resides in synaptosomal membranes in close association with a sialolipid substrate. 相似文献
35.
36.
神经递质3H-去甲肾上腺素释放与家蝇对拟除虫菊酯抗性的关系 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在用K+去极化条件下,研究了溴氰菊酯和氯菊酯分别对敏感、抗溴氰菊酯和抗氯菊酯家蝇Musca domestica 品系脑突触体释放神经递质去甲肾上腺素的影响。结果表明:在用K+去极化后,神经递质去甲肾上腺素的释放在抗溴氰菊酯和抗氯菊酯家蝇品系中比敏感品系分别下降47.0%和51.0%;当用10-5 mol/L溴氰菊酯预处理家蝇脑突触体,用K+去极化后对敏感、抗溴氰菊酯和抗氯菊酯家蝇品系释放去甲肾上腺素的加强作用分别提高80.3%、26.5%和70.5%;用10-5 mol/L氯菊酯预处理3个家蝇品系的突触体对去甲肾上腺素释放均无加强作用。由此表明,家蝇对溴氰菊酯的抗性是与Na+通道的亲和性降低有关,而氯菊酯的抗性与Na+通道的亲和性关系不大。 相似文献
37.
We studied the localization, activation and function of protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR-1) at the CNS synapse utilizing rat brain synaptosomes and slices. Confocal immunofluoresence and transmission electron microscopy in brain slices with pre-embedding diaminobenzidine (DAB) immunostaining found PAR-1 predominantly localized to the peri-synaptic astrocytic endfeet. Structural confocal immunofluorescence microscopy studies of isolated synaptosomes revealed spherical structures stained with anti-PAR-1 antibody which co-stained mainly for glial-filament acidic protein compared with the neuronal markers synaptophysin and PSD-95. Immunoblot studies of synaptosomes demonstrated an appropriate major band corresponding to PAR-1 and activation of the receptor by a specific agonist peptide (SFLLRN) significantly modulated phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase. A significant membrane potential depolarization was produced by thrombin (1 U/mL) and the PAR-1 agonist (100 μM) and depolarization by high K(+) elevated extracellular thrombin-like activity in the synaptosomes preparation. The results indicate PAR-1 localized to the peri-synaptic astrocytic endfeet is most likely activated by synaptic proteases and induces cellular signaling and modulation of synaptic electrophysiology. A protease mediated neuron-glia pathway may be important in both physiological and pathological regulation of the synapse. 相似文献
38.
超氧自由基对谷氨酸摄取的抑制及Ebselen的保护 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
超氧自由基对谷氨酸摄取的抑制及Ebselen的保护易永杨祥良徐辉碧*(华中理工大学化学系,武汉430074)赵西龙张亨山秦钰慧(中国预防医学科学院环境卫生监测所毒理室,北京100021)关键词大脑皮层突触体;谷氨酸摄取;Na+,K+-ATPase;超... 相似文献
39.
40.
The isomeric forms of bovine S-100a and S-100b have been shown to stimulate ATPase activities in fractions enriched in myelin and mitochondria isolated from the Gerbil brain and for S-100b more effectively than for calmodulin in erythrocytes or skeletal muscle. In the presence of Ca2+, S-100a produced a slight increase of ATPase activity in the mitochondrial fraction. However, S-100b, with or without Ca2+ and Zn2+ respectively, had no effect on the ATPase activity in mitochondria of the Gerbil liver. The observations may indicate a second messenger role for S-100b in the presence of Zn2+ in the Schwann cell. 相似文献