临床实习生对非直属附属医院教学管理满意度调查

目的 通过分析高校非直属附属医院本科实习生对医院教学管理的满意度,为完善医院临床本科实习生教学和管理工作提供参考。方法 制定临床本科实习生对医院管理、科室管理及带教老师教学满意度调查问卷,对河北省人民医院130名临床本科实习生进行现场的问卷调查,结果 学生的总体满意度较高,但医院的教学设备、学生管理、带教教师教学水平还有待完善。结论 应加强医院的教学设备建设、临床实习生管理和改善带教教师的教学方法。     

Calidad de vida y satisfacción con el tratamiento de sujetos con diabetes tipo 2: resultados en España del estudio PANORAMA

ObjectivesFew studies are available on quality of life and treatment satisfaction of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Both of them were the primary objectives of the PANORAMA (NCT00916513) study. Metabolic control, treatment patterns, and management by healthcare professionals were also evaluated.Material and methodsThis multicenter, cross-sectional, observational study randomly recruited>40 year-old patients with T2DM from Spanish healthcare centers. HbA1c was measured using the same technique in all patients, who also completed quality of life (EQ-5D and ADDQoL) and treatment satisfaction (DTSQ) questionnaires and the Hypoglycemia Fear Survey (HFS-II).ResultsFifty-four investigators recruited 751 patients, 60.3% of whom had HbA1c levels <7%. Approximately 25% of patients on monotherapy had HbA1c values ≥ 7%, Patients with longer disease duration and more complex treatments, especially with insulin, showed the poorer control. Despite good overall treatment satisfaction (mean 29.3±6.1, 0 to 36-point scale), patients with a poorer metabolic control, previous hypoglycemia episodes, and more complex therapies had a worse QoL and a greater fear of suffering hypoglycemia.ConclusionsDespite advances in metabolic control, there are still areas to improve. Early addition of safe drugs to monotherapy would help achieve control objectives without increasing the risk of hypoglycemia, and delaying the start of insulin therapy. This would also improve QoL and treatment satisfaction.     

生物安全三级实验室的工作满意度现状及其与职业紧张程度的关联

因生物安全三级(BSL-3)实验室工作人员需在特殊工作环境中对高致病性病原微生物进行操作,其心理健康状态可影响实验室生物安全。本研究以工作满意度作为早期心理健康状况的评估指标,对江苏、浙江、上海、福建、湖北5个省市6家BSL-3实验室工作人员进行调查,分析工作满意度与职业紧张程度的关联。调查结果显示,BSL-3实验室人员的工作满意率为32.2%。职业紧张程度与工作满意度呈负相关。工作要求-自主(JDC)模式中"社会支持"是提高工作满意度的因素,高社会支持组比数比(OR)值为4.60(95%CI为1.25~16.97)。付出-回报失衡(ERI)模式中"内在投入"是降低工作满意度的因素,高内在投入组OR值为0.03(95%CI为0.00~0.28)。分析结果提示,可通过加强"社会支持"和解除过度"内在投入"等措施,降低BSL-3实验室人员的职业紧张程度,从而提高工作满意度。     

Autonomy in the Obstetrician/Gynecologist-Patient Relationship as a Predictor of Patient Satisfaction

A considerable amount of recent medical research focuses on factors involving patient satisfaction. This study attempts to examine the role of autonomy in the gynecologist-patient relationship as it relates to patient satisfaction. Fifty-five patients at a women’s clinic completed measures assessing autonomy preference (API) before the medical visit and patient-perceived autonomy support (HCCQ) and patient satisfaction (MISS) after the visit. Analyses revealed patients prefer a more equal level of decision making with their doctor (a medium level of autonomy) when asked general questions about medical decisions but preferred less autonomy when presented with actual scenarios. Results show a significant relationship between scenario-based autonomy preference level and visit satisfaction for both satisfaction measures. A significant relationship between perceived autonomy support and visit satisfaction was also found for both satisfaction measures. The findings of this study suggest autonomy is important to the gynecologist-patient relationship and worthy of future study.     

禁牧政策背景下宁夏盐池县农民生活满意度影响因素

为了改善北方农牧交错区退化的草原,国家从21世纪初开始实施了禁牧政策,政策实施以后,北方农牧交错区农民的生产生活都受到很大的影响。对该地区农民主观幸福感的影响因素进行研究,尤其是研究收入和禁牧政策的感知对主观幸福感的影响,可以为后续政策实施和改善提供理论支持,并为营造幸福生活、建立幸福乡村提供更多依据。基于此本文以典型北方农牧交错区宁夏自治区盐池县为例,通过调查问卷数据,采用OLS回归模型和分位数回归模型分析了农民生活满意度的影响因素。结果表明：（1）自评价的相对收入、自评价的收支状况、禁牧政策满意度、禁牧政策对收入的影响、参加社会活动的频率和环境满意度对生活满意度有显著的正向影响。（2）自评价的相对收入、自评价的收支状况和禁牧政策满意度的正向影响随农民生活满意度分位点的提高而降低,而禁牧政策的收入影响只对中分位点农民的生活满意度起到显著的正向影响。参加活动的频率对低生活满意度分位点农民的正向影响不显著,而环境满意度只在高分位点对农民的生活满意度有显著的正向影响。（3）较高的生活满意度可以使农村居民更支持和愿意参与到生态政策中去。所以,有必要继续完善现有生态补偿政策,在继续保护和改善北方农牧交错区生态环境的同时,提高北方农牧交错区农村居民的主观幸福感,促进社会的可持续发展。     

Factors Affecting the Job Satisfaction of U.S. Adult Endocrinologists: A Nationwide Survey

ObjectiveDespite the increased demand and worsening burnout among U.S. endocrinologists, there is a paucity of data on job satisfaction and associated factors. This study examines the factors associated with job satisfaction among a nationally representative sample of U.S. endocrinologists.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional survey of 1700 U.S. adult endocrinologists on the Facebook group “Endocrinologists.” The survey was conducted over 4 weeks using an anonymous online questionnaire. The 45-question survey assessed job and salary satisfaction scores on a 5-point Likert scale along with multiple job-related variables. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to identify the factors affecting job satisfaction.ResultsOut of 1700, 654 adult endocrinologists (504 women and 139 men) completed the survey. The mean job satisfaction score was 3.72 ± 0.86, with 67.5% having high job satisfaction. Comparatively, 339 (52.1%) had high salary satisfaction. There was a statistically significant relationship between the job and salary satisfaction scores (P < .01). Factors significantly associated with the job satisfaction score (P < .05) included the practice region, gender, number of medical assistants per endocrinologist, self-performance of thyroid ultrasound, and number of patients in the hospital per week. Multivariate analysis showed that full-time employment, along with high salary satisfaction, seeing fewer new patients per day, performing thyroid ultrasounds, and fewer patients in the hospital were associated with the highest job satisfaction.ConclusionThis study found about one-third of endocrinologists to have lower job satisfaction and identified multiple modifiable factors associated with endocrinologists’ job satisfaction. Interventions focused on these potentially modifiable factors may improve job satisfaction among U.S. endocrinologists.     

“满意度”与可持续发展评价研究进展

可持续发展是全人类共同追求并且不断探索完善的一种社会经济发展模式。各国研究机构和学者针对如何评价城市与区域可持续发展水平,提出了大量的分析方法、评价指标和研究框架。分析了"满意度"在城市与区域可持续发展评价中应用的发展历程、存在问题和研究展望。研究认为,在生态文明建设背景下,城市与区域可持续发展评价需从可持续发展的核心内涵出发,结合主观与客观的方法对指标体系进行判定,在充分利用客观信息提高城市可持续发展能力的同时,考虑居民对于城市可持续发展的要求与"满意度",提出建立与之相适应的指标动态监测体系,构建适应生态文明体制的可持续发展模式。     

北京三级公立医院专业型行政管理人员工作满意度调查

目的 研究北京三级公立医院专业型行政管理人员工作满意现状,提出改进建议。方法 对北京市三级公立医院184名行政管理人员进行问卷调查。结果 北京三级公立医院专业型行政管理人员对工作整体较满意,且其综合满意度高于业务转型,但对福利、薪酬、晋升、工作流程不满意。结论 （1）医院应鼓励行政管理人员进修管理专业,并对其进行职业规划管理;（2）建立独立的管理职称晋升系列和合理的行政管理人员绩效考核制度;（3）进行工作流程再造;（4）提高行政管理人员工资待遇,构建良好的薪酬管理体系。     

北京市某三甲综合医院住院患者满意度影响因素研究

目的 探讨影响住院患者满意度的相关因素,为进一步提高医疗服务质量及患者满意度提供参考。方法 对2013年11月北京市某三甲综合医院1200名住院患者或家属采用自制问卷进行调查,通过多因素分析相关因素对患者整体满意度的影响程度。结果 影响手术科室整体满意度的因素有5个,按影响程度由高至低依次为主管医生对患者进行详细的体格检查、主管医生在术前对手术目的和风险进行了详细的告知、主治医生（主管的上级医生）每个工作日查房、主管医生熟悉病情和治疗方法、医生详细解释用药原因及注意事项。结论 影响住院患者满意度的关键因素为医患沟通与部分医疗流程执行的问题,可针对以上问题进行专项改进或增加关键问题的权重以促进患者满意度及医疗服务质量持续改进。     

5‐HTTLPR S‐allele: a genetic plasticity factor regarding the effects of life events on personality?

The S-allele of the 5-HTTLPR has been identified as a genetic vulnerability factor, being associated with an increased risk for affective disorders and/or maladaptive traits (e.g. neuroticism), especially after exposition to negative life-events (LEs). Alternatively, it has been hypothesized that this genetic risk factor might constitute a genetic plasticity factor. That is, S-allele carriers are not only vulnerable to the negative effects of a preponderance of stressful LEs but also disproportionally benefit from a preponderance of positive environmental influences. We tested this hypothesis in 357 subjects who were genotyped for the 5-HTTLPR and provided self-reports of neuroticism, life-satisfaction and LEs. Results showed a relatively increased number of positive LEss to be associated with reduced neuroticism (men: β = -0.501, P < 0.05, women: β = -0.369, P < 0.005) and increased life satisfaction (β = 0.494, P < 0.001) within SS-homozygotes. Within SL-heterozygotes, similar tendencies were found. No associations were detected in LL-homozygotes. Extreme Group comparisons revealed a genotype × LE interaction (F(2,198) = 5.593, P < 0.005), with SS-homozygotes having experienced predominantly positive LEs exhibiting reduced neuroticism (women: F(1,34) = 4.764, P < 0.05; men: F(1,17) = 2.092, P = 0.17), and increased life satisfaction (F(1,53) = 4.057, P < 0.05), as compared to LL-homozygotes having experienced predominantly positive LEs. Our data support the idea that the S-allele of the 5-HTTLPR is associated with an overall increased reactivity to environmental influences, be they positive or negative in nature. These findings constitute a promising add-on to earlier data and support the plasticity hypothesis.