Patient ratings of chewing ability from a randomised crossover trial: lingualised vs. first premolar/canine-guided occlusion for complete dentures

Background: Complex procedures involving a facebow transfer and the use of lingualised teeth are deemed to have a positive influence on the chewing ability with complete dentures. Objectives: To determine if patients’ ratings of their ability to chew depend on the method of complete denture fabrication. Methods: Edentulous patients (n = 20) participated in a within‐subject crossover trial. Each patient received two sets of new complete dentures. One pair was manufactured based on intraoral tracing of centric relation and facebow transfer; semi‐anatomical teeth with lingualised occlusion denture (LOD) were chosen. The second pair was made using a simplified procedure without facebow transfer; jaw relations were recorded with wax occlusion rims, and anatomical teeth with a first premolar/canine‐guidance (CGD) were selected. The dentures were delivered in randomised order, and each was worn for 3 months. Three months after delivery, patients’ ratings of each new prosthesis were recorded on visual analogue scales for their ability to chew seven index foods. Repeated measurements analysis of variance was performed to investigate possible carry‐over effects accounting for confounding by treatment period. Results: When comparing the two treatments, participants rated their ability to chew in general, to masticate carrots, hard sausage, steak and raw apple in particular, was significantly better with the CGD (anatomical teeth) than with the LOD (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Comprehensive methods for the fabrication of complete dentures including semi‐anatomical lingualised teeth and a full registration do not seem to influence the perceived chewing ability, when compared with more simple procedures. Chewing ability for tough foods appears to benefit from the use of anatomical teeth.     

Duck hunter activity,success, and satisfaction on public hunting areas

Because hunting disturbance can influence local distribution of ducks and their availability to hunters, managers often limit access to hunting areas to improve hunting success and satisfaction. Few studies have quantified the effectiveness of public area access restrictions on duck hunter activity, harvest, or hunters' satisfaction with their hunting experience. We used a cross-over design over 6 consecutive hunting seasons (2008–2009 through 2013–2014) on State Wildlife Areas (SWAs) in northeastern Colorado, USA, to compare the effects of restricted hunting access regulations and regulations without these restrictions on duck hunter activity, harvest success, harvest levels, and satisfaction. We also considered effects of SWA types, duck abundance, temperature, precipitation, use of equipment by duck hunting parties, and, for hunter satisfaction, hunting success, hunting parties' satisfaction with ducks seen, habitat conditions, crowding from other hunters, and SWA regulations. The number of days when duck hunters had access to restricted properties was about half that on unrestricted properties, and unrestricted properties were used by about twice as many duck hunting parties, but the mean number of hunting parties per available hunting day and mean party size were similar under the 2 types of regulations. Most (56%) duck hunting parties did not bag any ducks; hunting success (harvest of ≥1 duck by a hunting party) was best explained by a model that included a regulation type × hunting season interaction, a SWA type × month interaction, hunter density the previous day, an index of hunter investment (number of decoys used and whether dogs and calls were used), and temperature. Successful hunting parties harvested 1.92 ± 1.60 (SD) ducks/hunter/day (range = 0.1–7.0); the best model predicting the number of ducks harvested per hunter in successful parties included a regulation type × hunting season interaction, a SWA type × month interaction, hunter density the previous day, an index of hunter investment, temperature, and precipitation. Overall satisfaction of duck hunting parties with a day's hunt averaged 3.62 ± 1.20 based on a rank scale of 1 (very unsatisfied) to 5 (very satisfied), and was best explained by a model that included hunting party success; hunter investment; temperature; and satisfaction with duck numbers, habitat conditions, hunting regulations, and crowding. While greatly reducing days available for hunting, access restrictions were associated with improved chances of hunting parties successfully harvesting ≥1 duck in 5 of 6 hunting seasons, and substantially greater numbers of ducks harvested by hunters in successful parties in 1 of 6 hunting seasons. Restrictions did not have a strong direct effect on hunting parties' satisfaction with a day's hunt. Uncontrolled factors, including weather and use of equipment by hunters, had important influences on hunter success, harvest, and satisfaction. Managers should carefully assess hunting activity, hunter expectations and desires, and hunting area characteristics when considering access restrictions on public hunting areas.     

全程无缝隙护理模式在护理质量管理中的应用

目的 探讨全程无缝隙护理模式对肿瘤科护理工作质量的影响。方法 2013年1月-12月我院肿瘤科采用无缝隙护理模式的患者120例为观察组,2012年1月-12月采用常规护理的120例肿瘤科患者为对照组,对比两组患者的心理舒适度、患者对护理工作的满意度。结果 观察组患者的安全感、满足感、尊重感所占比例均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。观察组患者对护士的工作能力、关爱与沟通、服务热情主动、病区管理、健康教育满意度均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 全程无缝隙护理模式应用于肿瘤科护理,能够有效改善患者不良情绪,提高护理工作质量及患者满意度。     

医学工程人员培训及工作满意度现状分析

目的 对医学工程人员的基本情况、培训情况、培训需要以及工作满意度情况调查,为医学工程人员的继续教育和管理提供建议。方法 取武汉三级医院8家、二级医院2家,在每家医院的医学工程部门中随机抽取15名进行问卷调查。结果 调查医学工程人员138名,大专及以下学历占47.9%;97.8%的医学工程人员愿意接受在职教育和培训的意愿;对职称、收入、在医院的地位、晋升机会满意的比例为17.4%、13.1%、15.2%、19.6%。讨论 医学工程人员整体学历偏低;医学工程人员培训需求较大;医学工程人员对职称、收入、在医院的地位、晋升机会、在职教育和培训的机会等满意度均较低。医院应建立科学的职业晋升制度、激励制度、培训方案,同时鼓励医学工程人员积极参加培训。     

护患沟通技巧在呼吸科护理工作中的应用

目的：评价在呼吸科病房常规专业护理的基础上,合理运用护患沟通技巧的效果。方法：100例呼吸科就诊的患者分成观察组和对照组两组,各50例。对照组仅采用常规呼吸科专业护理;观察组在常规专业护理的基础上,合理运用护患沟通技巧。结果：观察组很满意率34.00%（17/50）高于对照组12.00%（12/50）,具有显著性差异（P〈0.01,见表1）。观察组总满意率82.00%（41/50）优于对照组62.00%（31/50）,具有显著性差异（P〈0.05,见表1）。结论：呼吸科病房在常规专业护理的基础上,合理运用护患沟通技巧效果可靠。     

Patients' experiences with partial dentures: a qualitative study

Objective: The aim of the study was to gain insight into people's experiences of being given and using partial dentures. Methods: In‐depth semi‐structured interviews were carried out with 23 people of varied age, social background and denture wearing experience in Tayside, Scotland. Participants were encouraged to discuss how they came to have partial dentures, their day‐to‐day denture use and their interactions with dentists. The interview data were systematically coded using key theme headings, and summary charts were constructed to facilitate analysis. Results: The initial decision that a partial denture was needed was generally difficult to accept. People perceived the main benefits of partial dentures to be improved appearance and confidence, but experienced a variety of difficulties with their dentures and often coped with these by only wearing them on social occasions. Participants had not always told their dentists about the difficulties they experienced. Barriers to seeking help with denture problems included financial constraints, previous experience of rushed appointments or poor communication from dentists and a perceived lack of entitlement to help when partial dentures were issued free. Conclusions: Partial dentures can be difficult to cope with. People experience a range of difficulties in wearing them, not all of which have been discussed with dentists. Informative and supportive communication when partial dentures are first needed, and subsequently, can improve the quality of patients’ experiences and may help promote effective use and appropriate help‐seeking by partial denture wearers.     

国内护士工作满意度研究文献分析

目的：了解我国护士工作满意度的研究现状。方法：采用文献分析法对我国1997～2005年有关护士工作满意度研究的论文25篇进行分析。结果：近年来学者们愈加关注对护士工作满意度的研究,研究的角度各有不同,研究论文的质量也有所提高,但很多方面还存在不足。结论：国内关于护士工作满意度的研究尚集中在调查性研究层次,干预性研究还未充分开展,鉴于护士工作满意度对护士自身以及护理质量的重要影响,开展干预性研究势在必行。     

Zygomatic implant-retained fixed complete denture for an elderly patient

Dental rehabilitation of a completely edentulous geriatric patient has always been a challenge to the clinician, especially in treating those with higher expectations and demands. Treatment duration and the amount of residual alveolar bone available are often important considerations when planning for dental implant-based fixed treatment for these patients. With the introduction of zygomatic implants, a graftless alternative solution has emerged for deficient maxillary bone with provision for immediate loading. This article describes the treatment of a completely edentulous elderly patient using zygomatic implants in conjunction with conventional implants. The implants were immediately loaded using a definitive acrylic resin fixed denture reinforced with a cast metal framework, to provide function and aesthetics.     

Influences of age and maxillary anterior teeth status on patient's satisfaction with dental appearance and tooth colour

doi: 10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2011.00543.x Influences of age and maxillary anterior teeth status on patient’s satisfaction with dental appearance and tooth colour Objectives: To study the impact of age, gender, tooth colour and maxillary anterior teeth status on patient’s satisfaction with their dental appearance. Material and methods: A total of 259 Caucasian subjects participated in the study (119 men, mean age 56 years; 140 women, mean age 61 years) divided into three age groups (young <35 age; middle aged 35–54 age; old ≥55 age). Their maxillary anterior teeth status was classified into three groups: (1) natural teeth (NTG) group; (2) composite filling group (CFG) and (3) porcelain‐fused‐to‐metal fixed prosthodontic restoration group (FPDG). The participants judged appearance and tooth colour using a scale with three categories: completely dissatisfied, moderately dissatisfied and completely satisfied. Results: Almost half of the participants were completely satisfied with their dental appearance and tooth colour. Half of the ‘young’ and ‘middle‐aged’ participants with natural maxillary anterior teeth were completely satisfied and half of the ‘old’ participants were moderately satisfied with their dental appearance and tooth colour. The majority of participants with composite restorations (45–51%) were moderately satisfied with their dental appearance, one‐third of ‘young’ and ‘middle‐aged’ participants were moderately satisfied or dissatisfied with their tooth colour and more than 70% of older participants were dissatisfied with their tooth colour (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Satisfaction with the appearance of the maxillary anterior teeth differed both between individuals of different age and different dental status.     

The effect of attachment type and implant number on satisfaction and quality of life of mandibular implant-retained overdenture wearers

doi: 10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2011.00531.x The effect of attachment type and implant number on satisfaction and quality of life of mandibular implant‐retained overdenture wearers Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the quality of life and patient satisfaction outcomes of two attachment systems in mandibular overdentures with different numbers of supporting implants. Materials and methods: Sixty‐two edentulous patients with either splinted or single attachments in mandibular implant overdentures with different numbers of supporting interforaminal implants were investigated for patient satisfaction and quality of life in this retrospective study. Comparisons between groups were perceived by the Mann–Whitney U test. Relations among the parameters were investigated by Spearman’s rho correlation analysis. The results were evaluated statistically at a significance level of p < 0.05. Results: No statistically significant association is found between visual analogue scales scores and attachment type as well as implant number (p > 0.05), whereas Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP)‐14 total scores for patients with 4‐implant‐supported bars were significantly lower than all the other attachment types (p < 0.05). Additionally, a negative (rate = 32.2%), statistically significant association between period of edentulism and total OHIP‐14 scores was detected (p < 0.05). Conclusions: A mandibular implant‐retained overdenture supported with four implants and bar attachments shows the highest ‘quality of life’ score and patient satisfaction is not influenced by the number of implants or attachment type.