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91.
Initial (Fo), maximum (Fm) and steady-state (Fs) levels of modulated chlorophyll fluorescence were measured in intact avocado leaves (Persea americana Mill.) during state 1-state 2 transitions using a combination of modulated and non-modulated lights with synchronized detection. Under normal temperature conditions (20°C), transition from state 2 to state 1 was associated with a substantial increase (about 20%) in Fm and Fo whereas the Fm/Fo ratio remained constant, reflecting increased absorption cross-section of PS II. On the contrary, at moderately elevated temperature (35°C), these fluorescence changes were very limited, indicating marked inhibition of the state regulation. The fraction of light distributed to PS II () was calculated from the Fo, Fm and Fs levels for both types of leaves. In control leaves, varied from 48% (in state 2) to values as high as 58% (in state 1). In contrast, mild heat treatment resulted in values close to 50% in both states, indicating the inability of heated leaves to reach extreme state 1. The results suggested that avocado leaves under moderately elevated temperature conditions are blocked in a state close to state 2. This effect was shown to occur in a non-injurious temperature range (as shown by the preservation of the (photoacoustically monitored) oxygen evolution activity) and to be rapidly reversed upon lowering of the temperature. Thermally induced development of state 2 (independent on the light spectral quality) could possibly be a protective mechanism to avoid photodamage of the heat-labile PS II by high light intensities which usually accompany heat stress in the field. 相似文献
92.
S. K. Podder A. Chakraborti K. Vijayalakshmi P. Lalit Kumar Singh 《Journal of biosciences》1987,11(1-4):495-502
To examine how surface Potential controls the reactivity of glycoconjugates at cell surface, the interaction of galactose-sPecific
lectinse.g. peanut agglutinin,Ricinus cummunis agglutinin with liPosomes bearing asialo GM1 were studied in the Presence of varying amount of ganglioside mixture, GMn. The Presence of 5% GMn causes comPlete slowing down of PreciPitin reaction and thereby make carbohydrate moiety of asialo GM1 comPletely inaccessiblei.e. ‘cryPtic’. In contrast the Presence of 1–2% GMn enhances the aPParent rate and amPlitude of the PreciPitin reaction as surface Potential becomes more negative. The relevance
of the findings has been discussed in relation to the exPression and involvement of the cell-surface sialic acid residues
during develoPment and differentiation. 相似文献
93.
Scavenging of superoxide radical by ascorbic acid 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Using acetaldehyde and xanthine oxidase as the source of suPeroxide radical, the second order rate constant for the reaction
between ascorbic acid and superoxide radical was estimated to be 8.2 X 107 M-1 s-1. In rats, the average tissue concentration of ascorbic acid was of the order of 10-3 M and that of superoxide dismutase was of the order of 10-6 M. So, taking together both the rate constants and the tissue concentrations, the efficacy of ascorbic acid for scavenging
superoxide radical in animal tissues appears to be better than that of suPeroxide dismutase. The significance of ascorbic
acid as a scavenger of superoxide radical has been discussed from the point of view of the evolution of ascorbic acid synthesizing
capacity of terrestrial vertebrates. 相似文献
94.
95.
Ten species of Lepadella Bory de St. Vincent, 1826, including one new species and one new form, are documented from North-Eastern India. Two of these species are new records from this country and six are new reports from N.E. region. Comments are also made on the status and distribution of various Indian taxa. 相似文献
96.
The influence of diet on the growth of Stenonema vicarium (Walker) (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae) 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Laboratory studies compared the growth rate of Stenonema vicarium (Walker) nymphs on diets of detritus and natural stream periphyton. In three consecutive runs of the experiment, growth rates
were consistently higher on periphyton (mean growth rate = 2.1% wet wt. d−1) than detritus (mean = 1.8% wet wt. d−1). The starting date of each run also significantly influenced growth rates. In each treatment growth rates generally decreased
over the course of the 3 runs, and ca. one-half of the nymphs in the last run did not molt or grow. It appeared that growth
of S. vicarium may be partially controlled by seasonal factors. 相似文献
97.
Michael F. Hammer James W. Schilling Ellen M. Prager Allan C. Wilson 《Journal of molecular evolution》1987,24(3):272-279
Summary Two major types of lysozymec (M and P) occur in the mouse genus,Mus, and have been purified from an inbred laboratory strain (C58/J) ofM. domesticus. They differ in physical, catalytic, and antigenic properties as well as by amino acid replacements at 6 of 49 positions in the amino-terminal sequence. Comparisons with four other mammalian lysozymesc of known sequence suggest that M and P are related by a gene duplication that took place before the divergence of the rat and mouse lineages. M lysozyme is present in most tissues; achieves its highest concentration in the kidney, lung, and spleen; and corresponds to the lysozyme partially sequenced before from another strain ofM. domesticus. InM. domesticus and several related species, P lysozyme was detected chiefly in the small intestine, where it is probably produced mainly by Paneth cells. A survey of M and P levels in 22 species of muroid rodents (fromMus and six other genera) of known phylogenetic relationships suggests that a mutation that derepressed the P enzyme arose about 4 million years ago in the ancestor of the housemouse group of species. Additional regulatory shifts affecting M and P levels have taken place along lineages leading to other muroid species. Our survey of 187 individuals of wild house mice and their closest allies reveals a correlation between latitude of origin and level of intestinal lysozyme. 相似文献
98.
黑龙江省三江平原丹顶鹤的数量分布 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在地面调查的基础上,我们使用Y-11轻型飞机对黑龙江省三江平原地区的丹顶鹤的数量分布近行了调查,调查时飞行高度80米,航速140公里/小时,续航里程共3748公里。调查结果表明,丹顶鹤在三江平原主要分布在8个地区,其中嘟噜河下游、洪河自然保护区、七星河流域和兴凯湖低地是主要繁殖地,总数量共309只。 相似文献
99.
100.
The effects of defoliation treatments on plant growth in sunflower (Helianthus annuus) were studied in the field. Four defoliation treatments, 0 (control), 37.4, 56.1 and 93.4% of the total leaf dry weight,
were applied to plants that had small third leaves. Decreased leaf weight/whole plant weight (F/W) ratios in defoliated plants
rapidly recovered to almost the same ratio as that observed in the control within 12 to 16 days after defoliation according
to the degree of defoliation. The mechanism involved in the recovery of the F/W ratio in defoliated plants mainly consisted
of three parameters: enhancement of (1) carbon distribution ratios in the leaves, (2) photosynthetic activity in the remaining
leaves, and (3) retranslocation of carbon from the stem and/or roots to leaves.
Inhibitive effects of defoliation on relative growth rate and net assimilation rate were seen at an early stage, but subsequently
both rates became larger in defoliated plants than in controls. Defoliated plants tended to show rapid development and expansion
of new leaves, and to show increased specific leaf area and protein synthesis in individual leaves. The sugar content of leaves
in defoliated plants was higher than that in controls, while the content in both stem and roots was lower. These responses
seem to be advantageous for development of the photosynthetic system. Heights of defoliated plants were clearly depressed
according to the degree of defoliation, and this was attributed largely to differences in the elongation rates of the internodes
resulting from defoliation. 相似文献