Lipoprotein immunogenetics in primates. I. Two serum beta-lipoprotein allotypes (Lmb1 and Lmb11) in rhesus monkeys and the LP-B immunological relationship with other primates

Immunogenetic investigations on two serum beta-lipoprotein allotypes of rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) are reported. The allotypes, designated Lmb1 and Lmb11, are associated with the main lipoprotein family, LP-B or beta-lipoprotein, expressed on independent beta-molecules, and classify rhesus monkeys into three phenotypes: Lmb1, Lmb11, and Lmb1,11. Genetic and molecular studies indicate that the allotypes are encoded by two codominant autosomal allelic genes, Lmb1 and Lmb11. Anti-Lmb1 cross-reacts with the sera of two other macaque species, whereas anti-Lmb11 with sera of all Old World monkeys. Heteroimmune sera, antihuman apo-B and antirhesus LP-B, showed high but diversified degrees of cross reactivity with other primates.     

Hepatocystis Parasitemia in Wild Kenya Vervet Monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops)

Blood smears of 159 vervet monkeys from three sites in Kenya were stained with Giemsa and examined for Hepatocystis parasites. The populations differ in incidence of parasitemia, ranging from 0–62% affected individuals. These differences are probably due to altitude and local environmental conditions.     

Early agonistic experience and rank acquisition among free-ranging infant rhesus monkeys

Several aspects of agonistic experience are described for freeranging infant rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta)on Cayo Santiago. Even before infants are fully integrated with peers in rank dominance based on maternal ranks,infants of highranking mothers tend to be threatened less frequently by other members of the group and are less likely to be threatened by unfamiliar individuals than are infants of lowranking mothers. There is no evidence that fearful interactions between pairs of infants are related to their mother’s ranks before 22 weeks of age. However, an imperfect hierarchy can be constructed for infants between 27 and 30 weeks of age. At this age,infants of higherranking mothers are also more likely to receive protection when threatened than are infants of lowerranking mothers. When protected, their protectors are less likely to emit fearful gestures to the infants’ threatener. Close female relatives appear to play a large role in the protection of infants and may be more directly responsible for the differences described above than the mother, other relatives, or other highranking members of the group. It is suggested that more than one mechanism, including intervention by the mother and by close female relatives,may be important in rank acquisition among peers.     

等彩蝇属五新种(双翅目:丽蝇科)

等彩蝇属的研究,国外做过很多工作,国内近年陆续有报道(方建明、范滋德,1984,1985,1986),本文报道5个新种,3个中国新纪录,均采自云南。模式标本存中国科学院昆明动物研究所。     

云南蛮白蚁属及钩白蚁属四新种（等翅目：白蚁科）

1.勐仓蛮白蚁Microtermes menglunensis Zhu et Huang 新种 兵蚁(图Ⅰ:1—8)     

恐鱼类的新材料

本文记述了采自云南盘溪的一恐鱼类的新材料,代表该类的一新种。这一化石的发现和记述,对于地层的对比和了解该类化石的地理分布均有一定意义。     

滇中退化山地不同植被恢复下土壤碳氮磷储量与生态化学计量特征

植被恢复对土壤营养元素的存赋及其生态化学计量特征的影响广受关注,为了深入了解不同植被恢复类型下土壤碳、氮、磷储量与生态化学计量特征,选择滇中地区退化山地飒马场流域具有代表性的4种不同修复阶段的典型植被(荒坡灌草丛、云南松林、针阔混交林和次生常绿阔叶林)为研究对象,分析了不同植被类型下不同深度土壤中有机碳(SOC)、全氮(TN)、全磷(TP)储量和化学计量变化特征。结果表明,退化山地的植被恢复显著改变土壤碳氮磷储存能力和化学计量比,这种改变作用整体上随土壤深度增加而降低。其中,在0—60 cm土层上,SOC储量在次生常绿阔叶林最高,达123.41 t/hm~2,其次是针阔混交林(115.69 t/hm~2)和云南松林(93.08 t/hm~2),荒坡灌草丛(89.56 t/hm~2)最低;TN储量针阔混交林(4.91 t/hm~2)次生常绿阔叶林(4.58 t/hm~2)云南松林(4.43 t/hm~2)荒坡灌草丛(3.98 t/hm~2),4种植被类型间差异显著;TP储量云南松林最高(2.57 t/hm~2),次生常绿阔叶林(2.2 t/hm~2)最低;4种植被类型下土壤C/N介于15.77—30.18,C/P介于29.24—65.33,N/P介于1.28—2.68之间,在0—60 cm土层上均以次生常绿阔叶林最高。植被类型和土壤深度及其交互作用显著影响研究区的SOC、TN和TP储量和化学计量比。分析认为,退化山地不同植被类型对土壤碳氮磷储量和化学计量的影响过程复杂,修复演替进入到次生常绿阔叶林阶段土壤理化性质显著提升,该地区植被修复主要受到氮的限制。研究表征了滇中退化环境植被恢复过程中土壤主要元素变化特征,为揭示植被恢复与土壤生态功能演变关系提供数据支持。     

云南澜沧江下游3种条鳅科鱼类中国新记录

澜沧江-湄公河作为一条国际河流,是全世界鱼类物种多样性最高的流域之一,其中中国境内澜沧江流域的条鳅科鱼类共记录37种,由于该类群分类鉴定较为困难,流域内仍存在未被发现、描述或准确鉴定的物种。2015至2019年,通过对云南省普洱市和西双版纳傣族自治州境内的澜沧江流域进行多次鱼类生物多样性调查,共发现3种未曾记录的条鳅科鱼类。对所采集到鱼类标本的重要性状进行测量,并与国内外相关文献进行形态特征比较,分别鉴定为长带条鳅（Nemacheilus longistriatus）、裸背南鳅（Schistura nudidorsum）和宽齿南鳅（S. latidens）,均为中国物种新记录;其中,由于以前在中国记录的条鳅属鱼类均已移入南鳅属（Schistura）,长带条鳅是目前中国分布的唯一条鳅属物种。本文对这3种新记录的条鳅科鱼类进行描述,对今后澜沧江条鳅科鱼类物种鉴定具有一定的指导意义,同时为澜沧江鱼类资源的调查和保护提供科学依据。     

云南昭通发现红点齿蟾

2019年8月,在云南省昭通市威信县徐家坝一溶洞中发现齿蟾雄性成体1只,并采集到12只蝌蚪标本。雄性成体标本形态特征与红点齿蟾（Oreolalax rhodostigmatus）模式产地标本相符：即鼓膜明显,有鼓环,雄性第一、二指上婚刺粗大,内外掌突长椭圆形,极显著,排成倒“八”形;体侧有10余个极显著的橘红色或浅黄圆疣;腋腺及股后腺大而圆,橘红色。蝌蚪体形肥大,紫色或无色透明,第一行短唇齿的下方,又有一行短唇齿位于左、右第一和二行唇齿之间,两口角处副突多,且有小齿。故鉴定为红点齿蟾,为云南省两栖动物分布新记录种。     

中国窄吉丁属二新种及一新记录种记述（鞘翅目：吉丁科）

本文记述中国刺蛾科1新记录属:拟线刺蛾属Caniatta Solovyev&Witt,2009及1新记录种:光拟线刺蛾Caniatta levis Solovyev&Witt,2009,并提供雄性成虫和外生殖器特征图及分布情况.