Anti-salmonella properties of kefir yeast isolates: An in vitro screening for potential infection control

The rise of antibiotic resistance has increased the need for alternative ways of preventing and treating enteropathogenic bacterial infection. Various probiotic bacteria have been used in animal and human. However, Saccharomyces boulardii is the only yeast currently used in humans as probiotic. There is scarce research conducted on yeast species commonly found in kefir despite its claimed potential preventative and curative effects. This work focused on adhesion properties, and antibacterial metabolites produced by Kluyveromyces lactis and Saccharomyces unisporus isolated from traditional kefir grains compared to Saccharomyces boulardii strains. Adhesion and sedimentation assay, slide agglutination, microscopy and turbidimetry assay were used to analyze adhesion of Salmonella Arizonae and Salmonella Typhimurium onto yeast cells. Salmonella growth inhibition due to the antimicrobial metabolites produced by yeasts in killer toxin medium was analyzed by slab on the lawn, turbidimetry, tube dilution and solid agar plating assays. Alcohol and antimicrobial proteins production by yeasts in killer toxin medium were analyzed using gas chromatography and shotgun proteomics, respectively. Salmonella adhered onto viable and non-viable yeast isolates cell wall. Adhesion was visualized using scanning electron microscope. Yeasts-fermented killer toxin medium showed Salmonella growth inhibition. The highest alcohol concentration detected was 1.55%, and proteins with known antimicrobial properties including cathelicidin, xanthine dehydrogenase, mucin-1, lactadherin, lactoperoxidase, serum amyloid A protein and lactotransferrin were detected in yeasts fermented killer medium. These proteins are suggested to be responsible for the observed growth inhibition effect of yeasts-fermented killer toxin medium. Kluyveromyces lactis and Saccharomyces unisporus have anti-salmonella effect comparable to Saccharomyces boulardii strains, and therefore have potential to control Salmonella infection.     

基于“心与小肠相表里”理论探讨肠道微生态与骨质疏松症的关系

近年来相关研究显示,肠道微生态在骨质疏松症的发生发展中起着重要作用。中医脏腑理论密切关注脏腑之间的生理病理关系,以中医经典《内经》“心与小肠相表里”理论为基础,探讨心、小肠、肠道微生态与骨质疏松症之间的关系。研究发现肠道微生态可能是心系疾病导致骨质疏松症的途径之一,这一发现可能为骨质疏松症的研究与防治提供一定的理论依据。     

Some aquatic oligochaetes of the Nilgiris,South India

Eight species of aquatic oligochaetes, belonging to the families Naididae and Tubificidae, are reported, of which six species are new to the Nigiris. Tubifex tubifex known from Coonoor is reported again from this area.     

Butanedione treatment reduces receptor binding of a lysosomal enzyme to cells and membranes

Treatment of the lysosomal enzyme, α-L-iduronidase, with 2,3 butanedione, an arginine modifying reagent, under conditions where enzyme activity was unaffected, reduced by 50% the internalization of the enzyme into cultured human fibroblasts. The lowered rate of internalization was a result of a reduced binding of the enzyme to cell surface receptors. The butanedione treatment of α-L-iduronidase caused a 90% reduction of binding when isolated fibroblast membranes were used as the source of receptor. This marked reduction of binding was also seen when membranes from a rat chondrosarcoma were examined. Although there is ample evidence that the receptor recognizes mannose 6-phosphate residues on the enzyme, the results suggest that other structural features, such as arginine moieties, may also be important in iduronidase binding.     

定坤丹对多囊卵巢综合征患者性激素水平、胰岛素抵抗及妊娠情况的影响

目的:探讨定坤丹对多囊卵巢综合征患者性激素水平、胰岛素抵抗及妊娠情况的的影响。方法:选择2016年5月至2018年5月我院收治的210例多囊卵巢综合征患者,根据随机化原则将其分为两组,每组105例。对照组患者接受达英-35与二甲双胍治疗,研究组在对照组的基础上口服定坤丹治疗。连续治疗3个月后,比较两组治疗前后的性激素水平及胰岛各相关指标的变化。治疗结束后随访1年,比较两组的排卵及妊娠情况。结果:与治疗前相比,两组治疗后的血清睾酮(Testosterone,T)、黄体生成素(Luteinizing hormone,LH)及LH/FSH均明显降低,且研究组以上指标均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组治疗前后的卵泡刺激素(Follicle-stimulating hormone,FSH)水平比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。与治疗前相比,两组治疗后的空腹胰岛素(Fasting insulin,FINS)、餐后2 h胰岛素(Postprandial 2 hours insulin,2hPINS)及β细胞胰岛素分泌功能(Homeostasis model assessment ofβcell,HOMA-β)均明显升高,胰岛素敏感指数(Homeostasis model assessment-Insulin sensitivity index,HOMA-IS)明显降低,且研究组以上指标较对照组改善更明显(P<0.05)。研究组排卵及成功妊娠率均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:定坤丹有助于改善多囊卵巢综合征患者性激素水平及胰岛素抵抗,提高排卵及妊娠率。     

The hybrid bacterial foraging algorithm based on many-objective optimizer

A new multi-objective optimized bacterial foraging algorithm - Hybrid Multi-Objective Optimized Bacterial Foraging Algorithm (HMOBFA) is presented in this article. The proposed algorithm combines the crossover-archives strategy and the life-cycle optimization strategy, look for the best method through research area. The crossover-archive strategy with an external archive and internal archive is assigned to different selection principles to focus on diversity and convergence separately. Additionally, according to the local landscape to satisfy population diversity and variability as well as avoiding redundant local searches, individuals can switch their states periodically throughout the colony lifecycle with the life-cycle optimization strategy. all of which may perform significantly well. The performance of the algorithm was examined with several standard criterion functions and compared with other classical multi-objective majorization methods. The examiner results show that the HMOBFA algorithm can achieve a significant enhancement in performance compare with other method and handles many-objective issues with solid complexity, convergence as well as diversity. The HMOBFA algorithm has been proven to be an excellent alternative to past methods for solving the improvement of many-objective problems.     

长江中游鱼类资源量的估算

为了解长江中游的鱼类资源现状,于2018年5和6月以及9和10月在宜昌、石首、洪湖、武汉和湖口5个江段进行了渔获物调查工作。通过统计各江段的渔业捕捞情况,计算年捕捞量。用体长股分析方法,对铜鱼(Coreius heterodon)、鳊(Parabramis pekinensis)和瓦氏黄颡鱼(Tachysurus vachelli)的资源量进行估算,并以此推算各江段的鱼类总资源量。结果显示,宜昌江段的鱼类年总资源量1077.36 t,其中,铜鱼为623.25 t;石首江段的年总资源量为2190.74 t,铜鱼为698.19 t;洪湖江段的鱼类年总资源量为58.57 t,其中,瓦氏黄颡鱼为0.41 t;武汉江段的鱼类年总资源量1010.54 t,其中,鳊为148.65 t;湖口江段的年鱼类总资源量14.55 t,瓦氏黄颡鱼为0.032 t。估算结果可以为长江中游鱼类资源保护措施的制定提供数据参考。     

新形势下多元化板书在高校教学中的运用：以生物化学课程为例

板书担负着知识传递和课堂文化传承的双重任务。设计良好的板书不仅有助于学生对知识的记忆、理解和建构,还有助于打造严肃活泼的课堂氛围、塑造立德树人的课堂灵魂、促进教学反思和提升育人质量。笔者以板书教学在生物化学课程中的实践为例,按照针对学生要实现的教学目标,对板书进行了分类,分别介绍了每类板书在多媒体时代的必要性和适用范围,以期使板书这一传统教学形式在新时代课堂教学中发挥其重要作用。     

成长记录袋评价法提升细胞工程课堂教学质量

首次将成长记录袋评价法引入到高等院校生物类专业课程《细胞工程》的课堂教学改革中,构建了较为完备的课堂评价体系,将成长记录袋课堂评价体系的建立分为4个阶段,即准备阶段、演练阶段、实施阶段和作品展示阶段。并从实施成长记录袋评价法的可行性与必要性、评价体系的构建、执行过程中应注意的要点及事项分别展开论述。结果表明：通过该评价法的施行,不仅活跃了课堂气氛,增强了学生学习的主动性和自主性,还提高了学生分析、解决与细胞工程技术相关的专业问题的能力,执行效果良好。本课程课堂教学改革的实施,可为高校同类性质的其他专业课程提供借鉴与参考。