亚低温治疗对重型颅脑损伤患者颅内压、脑血流及氧代谢的影响

目的:探讨亚低温治疗对重症颅脑损伤(sTBI)患者颅内压(ICP)、脑血流及氧代谢的影响。方法:收集50例sTBI患者随机分为实验组和对照组,每组25例,均给予常规治疗,观察组在常规治疗基础上给予亚低温辅助治疗,检测患者治疗前、治疗第3、5、7天ICP动态变化以及治疗前和治疗7天后脑血流和氧代谢等指标变化。结果:治疗第3、5、7天ICP组间差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05),随着治疗时间增加两组ICP均逐渐降低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗前Qmean、Vmean、Wv、DR等组间差异无统计学意义(P0.05),治疗7天后Qmean、Vmean均升高,Wv、DR均降低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗前SjvO_2、CjvO_2、CaO_2、CERO_2组间差异无统计学意义(P0.05),治疗7天后SjvO_2、CjvO_2、CERO_2均升高,CaO_2降低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:亚低温治疗可以显著降低患者颅内压,改善脑血流和氧代谢水平。     

川穹嗪对胸部肿瘤患者TGF-beta1水平的影响及放疗性肺损伤的预防作用

目的：探讨川穹嗪注射液对血浆TGF-beta1 水平的影响及对放射性肺损伤的预防作用。方法：随机选取120 例胸部肿瘤放疗患 者分为观察组与对照组,所有研究对象给予三维适形放射治疗,观察组在放疗期间川芎嗪注射液每日静脉滴注1 次;检测两组放 疗前后血浆TGF-beta1含量变化、放射性肺损伤及肺功能情况。结果：放疗后两组血浆TGF-beta1 均上升,观察组在放疗结束时、放疗 结束后3 月、6 月的血浆TGF-beta1 含量明显低于对照组(P<0.05) (19.12± 5.23) vs(26.69± 5.38)ng/mL、(5.62± 3.48)vs(9.64± 7.82) ng/mL、(3.28± 1.81)vs (7.98± 5.16) ng/mL;观察组放射性肺损伤发生率低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组放疗后三月肺功能指标用力肺 活量(FVC)、第1 秒用力呼气容积(FEV)、肺总量(TLC)、CO弥散量(DLCO)出现明显下降的例数显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论：川 芎嗪注射液可以降低放疗肺损伤患者的血浆TGF-beta1 含量,降低放射性肺炎与放射性肺纤维化的发生率,改善肺功能,无明显不 良反应、安全性好,可起到较好的预防放疗后放射性肺损伤的作用。     

多烯磷脂酰胆碱胶囊联合复方益肝灵胶囊治疗抗结核药物致肝损伤患者的临床疗效

目的:研究多烯磷脂酰胆碱胶囊联合复方益肝灵胶囊治疗抗结核药物致肝损伤患者的临床疗效。方法:选取2014年4月到2015年4月我院收治的抗结核药物致肝损伤患者150例,按照随机数字表法将患者分为研究组和对照组,每组75例,两组均继续行抗结核治疗,对照组给予常规保肝药物治疗,研究组给予多烯磷脂酰胆碱胶囊联合复方益肝灵胶囊保肝治疗,比较两组临床疗效,治疗前后谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)以及r-谷氨酰转移酶(r-GT)。结果:研究组有效率为89.3%显著高于对照组的73.3%,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);两组治疗后AST、ALT以及r-GT显著低于治疗前,且治疗后研究组AST、ALT以及r-GT均显著低于对照组,比较差异均具有统计学意义(均P0.05)。结论:多烯磷脂酰胆碱胶囊联合复方益肝灵胶囊治疗抗结核药物致肝损伤具有较好临床疗效,能增强对肝脏的保护作用。     

Protective effect of vitamin E on spinal cord injury by compression and concurrent lipid peroxidation

Studies were made on the influence of vitamin E on the effects of compression injury of the spinal cord associated with ischemia in rats. The motor disturbance induced by spinal cord injury was greatly reduced by vitamin E supplementation. After injury, the spinal cord evoked potentials showed greater recovery of both amplitude and latency in the vitamin E-supplemented group than in the control group. Spinal cord blood flow was promptly restored and remained normal after injury in the vitamin E-supplemented group, but was significantly decreased from 3 h after injury in the control group. Thiobarbituric acid (TBA)—reactive substances in the spinal cord was immediately increased by compression injury in both groups, and after injury it persisted at a high value for 24 h in the control group, but decreased within 1 h in the vitamin E-supplemented group. Pathological examination of the spinal cord showed less damage, such as bleeding and edema, in the vitamin E-supplemented group than in the control group. Vitamin E may have protective effects on the spinal cord by inhibiting damage induced by lipid peroxidation and/or by sustaining the blood flow by maintaining the normal metabolism of arachidonic acid.     

Use of repair-deficient strains of escherichia coli and liver microsomes to detect and characterise DNA damage caused by the pyrrolizidine alkaloids heliotrine and monocrotaline

E. coli WP2 and its repair-deficient derivatives were treated with the pyrrolizidine alkaloids, heliotrine and monocrotaline in the presence of a liver microsomal fraction. The doubly repair-deficient strains WP100 uvrA recA and CM611 uvrA exrA showed considerable killing. The singly repair-deficient strains WP2 uvrA, CM561 exrA and CM571 recA showed slight killing. In strains WP2 and WP2 uvrA induced reversion to Trp⁺ was not detected with either monocrotaline or mitomycin C. These results are entirely consistent with liver activation converting pyrrolizidine alkaloids into bifunctional alkylating agents.     

Absence or presence of glucose in growth medium and its effect on heat injury inStaphylococcus aureus

Summary Staphylococcus aureus 196E, when grown in a glucose (0.25% wt./vol.)-containing medium, produced cells that would undergo injury when subjected to sublethal heat conditions (45 min at 50°C); however, if glucose was omitted from the growth medium, the extent of injury was greatly reduced. Media containing glucose sterilized by filtration or by separate autoclaving produced cells equal in injury susceptibility to medium in which glucose was autoclaved as part of the medium components. Injury also occurred when other sugars such as fructose, mannose, maltose, or lactose were substituted for glucose. Sugar-containing media that producedStaphylococcus aureus of maximal susceptibility to heat injury reached a pH of approximately 6 or lower during growth of the cells. Incubation of staphylococci in growth medium acidified with acetic or lactic acids or HCl did not lead to cells that would undergo injury under the stated conditions. The stimulatory effect of glucose on injury appears to be related to the metabolism of the sugar byStaphylococcus aureus.Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Reference to brand or firm name does not constitute endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture over others of a similar nature not mentioned.     

Loss of Ascorbic Acid from Injured Feline Spinal Cord

Feline spinal cord contains 0.97 mM ascorbic acid, as measured by the dinitrophenylhydrazine method. Greater than 90% is maintained in the reduced form. When functioning normally, the CNS conserves its ascorbic acid with a turnover rate of 2% per h. Following contusion injury severe enough to produce paraplegia, ascorbic acid is rapidly lost from injured spinal tissue. Thus, ascorbic acid is decreased 30% by 1 h and 50% by 3 h following injury. Oxidized ascorbic acid is increased at 1, but not 3, h following impact. As a consequence of its many functions in CNS, loss of ascorbic acid may contribute to derangements in spinal cord function following injury.     

Production of linalol and geraniol by hydrolytic breakdown of bound forms in disrupted tea shoots

Linalol and geraniol were produced in tea shoots, disrupted by mechanical means, by hydrolytic breakdown of non-volatile compounds. The formation of li     

Pressure – volume curves and drought injury

Leaf hygrometers were used to establish pressure-volume curves on detached leaves of four herbaceous species ( Asarum europaeum , L., Hepatica nobilis , Mill., Phyteuma spicatum , L., Pulmonaria officialis , L.). Breakdown of leaf tissues due to drought injury was independently estimated. There was good agreement between the onset of visible symptoms and beginning deviations from the straight-line portion of the pressure-volume curve. Type I transformation of data (plots of water potential vs. reciprocal relative water content) is superior for recognizing deviating data points. The results are discussed in the context of pressure-volume curve methodology; pressure-volume curves are shown to provide a promising tool for estimating and displaying drought tolerance in plants.