吉林省森林生态系统的碳储量、碳密度及其分布

利用森林资源二类调查汇总数据和标准地实测数据,研究吉林省森林生态系统的碳密度、碳储量及其组分和分布特征.结果表明:吉林省森林生态系统碳储量为1827.293TgC,其中乔木层、灌草层、枯落物层和土壤层的碳储量分别为439.152、5.195、45.600和1330.466TgC,分别占总碳量的24.1%、0.3%、2.5%和73.1%.吉林省森林生态系统碳密度为225.304MgC.hm-2,各层碳密度的大小顺序为土壤层(164.666MgC.hm-2)>乔木层(54.352MgC.hm-2)>枯落物层(5.644MgC.hm-2)>灌草层(0.643MgC.hm-2).不同类型森林生态系统碳储量在9.357～959.716TgC,碳密度在180.648～254.627MgC.hm-2之间,各林型分配特征表现为土壤层最大、灌草层最小.全省森林生态系统碳储量和碳密度的空间分布总体上为东部山区高、中西部平原地区低.吉林省森林中中龄林分比重大,若对现有森林加以更好的管理,可以增加其碳吸存潜力.     

紫堇属（Corydalis DC.）植物的种子形态及其分类学意义

在光学显微镜下研究了湖北产紫堇属（Corydalis DC.）15种及2变型的种子形态特征。结果表明,其种子小,近圆形、扁圆形或肾形,黑色或深棕色,具油质体。油质体帽状、扇形、条形或不规则,紧贴种子表面或分离。根据种子表面形态,种子可分为4种类型：（1）表面光滑,如大叶紫堇（C.temulifolia Franch.）、川东紫堇（C.acu-minata Franch.）、巴东紫堇（C.hemsleyana Franch.ex Prain）、北岭黄堇（C.fargesii Franch.）、鄂西黄堇（C.shennongensis H.Chuang）和小药八旦子（C.caudata（Lam.）Pers.）;（2）表面具刺或疣状突起,如阜平黄堇（C.wilfordii Regel）、小花黄堇（C.racemosa（Thunb.）Pers.）、地锦苗（C.sheareri S.Moore）和珠芽地锦苗（C.sheareri S.Moore f.bulbillifera Hand.-Mazz.）;（3）表面具凹点状印痕,如刻叶紫堇（C.incisa（Thunb.）Pers.）、紫堇（C.edulis Maxim.）、地柏枝（C.cheilanthifolia Hemsl.）、蛇果黄堇（C.ophiocarpa Hook.f.et Thoms.）、北越紫堇（C.balansae Prain）和延胡索（C.yanhusuo（Y.H.Chou et C.C.Hsu）W.T.Wang ex Z.Y.Su et C.Y.Wu）;（4）表面具凹点状印痕,并被有疣状突起,如伏生紫堇（C.decumbens（Thunb.）Pers.）。种子大小、形状和表面形态以及油质体形态在种内相对稳定,对一些物种的划分具有较重要的意义。     

湖北西部山地革螨及恙螨名录

自1989年以来,先后从湖北西部山地6个不同海拔、12个不同类型生境捕获的啮齿、食虫等小型哺乳动物体外采集到一大批革螨、恙螨和吸虱标本,经初步整理,鉴定有革螨l1科32属73种、恙螨有3亚科11属41种和亚种、吸虱3种,其中有中国新纪录1种,籁氏巨刺螨Macronyssus leucippe（Domrow）和湖北新纪录41种。     

记陕西蓝田晚中新世灞河组4种跳鼠(Dipodidae,Rodentia)化石

描述了陕西蓝田晚中新世早期灞河组的4属4种跳鼠:蓝田原跳鼠(新种)(Protalacta- ga lantianensis sp.nov.)、副跳鼠(未定种)(Paralactaga sp.)、原始三趾心颅跳鼠(新种)(Sal- pingotus primitivus sp.nov.)和小五趾心颅跳鼠(新种)(Cardiocranius pusillus sp.nov.)。蓝田原跳鼠兼有原跳鼠和副跳鼠的特征,可能是原跳鼠向副跳鼠进化过程中产生的一种过渡类型。副跳鼠和原始三趾心颅跳鼠及小五趾心颅跳鼠分别代表了副跳鼠属在中国的最早记录和心颅跳鼠亚科(Cardiocraniinae)在地史上的首次出现。4种跳鼠指示了蓝田地区当时的自然环境可能比现代更加干旱。     

河南固始下石炭统杨山组华夏木一新种

描述河南固始杨山煤矿下石炭统杨山组的一个华夏木新种Cathaysiodendronyangshanensesp.nov.,这是近年来继在甘肃靖远早石炭世臭牛沟组中发现华夏木之后该属在早石炭世地层中的又一发现。华夏木属是华夏植物群的特有分子,它在早石炭世的发现对探讨华夏植物群的起源有重要意义。     

Early Silurian (Telychian) rugose coral fauna of Daguan area, northeast Yunnan province, China

Study on rugose coral fauna of the Sifengya Formation (early Telychian) and Daluzhai Formation (mid-late Telychian) in Daguan area, northeast Yunnan Province, China was carried out. Rugose coral fauna of the Sifengya Formation included 18 genera and 34 species, while Daluzhai Formation with nine genera, ten species. We described rugose coral fauna (12 genera, 19 species) including one new genus and five new species, i.e. Protoketophyllum daguanense gen. et sp. nov., Crassilasma huanggexiense sp. nov., Pseudophaulactis heae sp. nov., P. convolutus sp. nov., and Shensiphyllum minor sp. nov. The characteristics and geological significance of rugose coral fauna of Sifengya Formation and Daluzhai Formation were analyzed. Particularly, rugose coral fauna of the Sifengya Formation represent early Telychian rugosan fauna in the Upper Yangtze region and improve the sequences of early Silurian (Llandovery) rugose coral assemblages in Yangtze region. It is therefore very meaningful to further analyze radiation period of rugose coral fauna in such epoch. __________ Translated from Acta Palaeontologica Sinica, 2005, 44(2): 229–246 [译自: 古生物学报, 2005, 44(2): 229–246]     

冀西北坝上地区灯下蛾类群落结构特征

对冀西北坝上地区蛾类进行了逐日灯诱监测,以微软系统的Excel列表、作图,进行蛾类群落的种-多度曲线作图及群落多样性(H')、均匀度(J')、物种丰富度(S)和个体数(N)的时间和空间分布的处理,并做了多样性分析。结果表明:该区蛾类已知16科173属247种,夜蛾科是该区蛾类的优势类群,旋幽夜蛾、网锥蛾野螟(草地螟)和小菜蛾为当地优势种。从5月到9月蛾类多样性指数、物种丰富度和个体数基本呈上升趋势,多样性指数与均匀度(r=0.9477)、物种数(r=0.7785)、个体数(r=0.9704)相一致。不同月份间的蛾类相似程度差异较大,种-多度关系符合对数正态分布模型,研究认为坝上地区蛾类赖以生存的生态环境稳定,生态环境条件保持较好。     

云南主要有害实蝇种类及区划

采用诱剂诱捕辅以受害瓜果调查的方法,系统梳理了云南有害实蝇类群,确定主要有害种类25种。基于云南自然地理特征,采用聚类分析法深入探讨了云南实蝇区系,提出云南实蝇地理区划可分为德宏、版纳盆谷区,南部边缘中低山宽谷区,滇西南山原峡谷区,中东部高原、岩溶山原区以及北部高原山地区等5大区域。研究发现,受热量条件制约,云南主要有害实蝇类群呈南北向梯度递减;受纵向岭谷区"通道-阻隔"综合作用影响,云南西南部河谷地区是实蝇危害较为严重的区域。首次系统揭示了云南主要有害实蝇的地理分布规律。     

Revision of Hyolitha from the Ordovician of Estonia

Topotype specimens of the Middle OrdovicianHyolithes acutus Eichwald, 1840, which is the type of the genus that lent its name to a family, order, class, and even phylum according to some, andH. latus Eichwald, 1860 allow that genus and those species to be firmly established on a sound, morphologic basis. In addition, preservation of the types ofHyolithes striatus Eichwald, 1860 is sufficiently good to warrant reassignment toDorsolinevitus Syssoiev, 1958. In contrast, the type ofH. insularis Eichwald, 1860 is incompletely preserved, and this species is not recognizable beyond the type material. The concept of the family Hyolithidae is revised to more closely conform to the morphology ofHyolithes, with authorship herein ascribed toSyssoiev (1958) rather than toNicholson (1872). The stratigraphic distribution of these taxa suggests thatHyolithes as defined herein first appears in the Middle Ordovician, but extends into at least the Lower Devonian, as suggested by two species from the Barrandian region of the Czech Republic. Their geographic distribution further re-enforces the notion of two distinct paleobiogeographic provinces based on hyoliths, a Mediterranean province and Baltic province, with almost no mixing of hyolith faunas during the Ordovician.      

贵州省发现短肢角蟾

2012年6月,在梵净山国家级自然保护区附近的松桃县一村庄采到雄性角蟾标本1号,经鉴定为短肢角蟾(Megophrys brachykolos Inger and Romer),系贵州省两栖动物新纪录。