Isotropic high resolution optoacoustic imaging with linear detector arrays in bi‐directional scanning

Optoacoustic (photoacoustic) imaging is often performed with one‐dimensional transducer arrays, in analogy to ultrasound imaging. Optoacoustic imaging using linear arrays offers ease of implementation but comes with several performance drawbacks, in particular poor elevation resolution, i.e. the resolution along the axis perpendicular to the focal plane. Herein, we introduce and investigate a bi‐directional scanning approach using linear arrays that can improve the imaging performance to quasi‐isotropic transverse resolution. We study the approach theoretically and perform numerical simulations and phantom measurements to evaluate its performance under defined conditions. Finally, we discuss the features and the limitations of the proposed method.

The poor elevation resolution in a linear scan (left image) is overcome by the proposed bi‐directional scanning approach that yields isotropic transverse resolution (right).     

不同时间早期肠内营养对急性重症胰腺炎患者的影响

目的:通过观察不同时间早期肠内营养对急性重症胰腺炎患者的影响,探讨急性重症胰腺炎患者早期肠内营养的最佳时机。方法:将重症急性胰腺炎患者60例分为三组:A组、B组和C组,每组20例。A组为肠外营养组予以常规治疗,B组在常规治疗的基础上通过鼻空肠管在入院3-5天内予以早期肠内营养,C组在常规治疗的基础上通过鼻空肠管在入院5天后予以早期肠内营养。抽取所有患者入院时、入院后3天、7天、14天静脉血,ELISA法测定患者血清中TNF-α、IL-6含量,并记录患者住院期间感染率、病死率、并发症发生率、住院时间、住院费用等。结果:各组患者血清中TNF-α、IL-6含量逐渐下降,B组和C组下降较A组下降明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),B组和C组比较B组予以肠内营养后下降较C组明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。B组和C组感染率、病死率、并发症发生率、住院时间、住院费用较A组明显低(P<0.05),B组与C组比较感染率、病死率、并发症发生率B组明显低于C组(P<0.05)。结论:早期肠内营养可改善急性重症胰腺炎早期炎症反应,从而减低感染率、病死率、并发症发生率。在患者循环稳定条件下,越早予以肠内营养对患者的预后越有...     

N-terminal brain natriuretic propeptide levels correlate with procalcitonin and C-reactive protein levels in septic patients

The aim of this study was to find the relationship between N-terminal brain natriuretic propeptide (NT-proBNP), procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) plasma concentrations in septic patients. This was a prospective study, performed at Medical University Hospital No. 5 in łódź. Twenty patients with sepsis and severe sepsis were included in the study. N-terminal brain natriuretic propeptide, procalcitonin and C-reactive protein concentrations, and survival were evaluated. In the whole studied group (128 measurements), the mean NT-proBNP, procalcitonin and C-reactive protein concentrations were, respectively: 140.80±84.65 pg/ml, 22.32±97.41 ng/ml, 128.51±79.05 mg/l. The correlations for the NT-proBNP level and procalcitonin and C-reactive protein levels were 0.3273 (p<0.001) and 0.4134 (p<0.001), respectively. NT-proBNP levels correlate with PCT and CRP levels in septic patients. In the survivor subgroup, the mean NT-proBNP plasma concentrations were significantly lower than in the non-survivor subgroup.     

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome and its pathogen SFTSV

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging hemorrhagic fever in East Asia with case fatality up to 50%. SFTS is caused by SFTSV, a tick borne bunyavirus. In endemic area in China 1%–3% population was infected with SFTSV, but age is critical risk factor for hospitalization and death of SFTS patients.     

乌司他丁联合血必净治疗重症脓毒症的研究

目的：评估乌司他丁联合血必净注射液治疗重症脓毒症的临床疗效。方法：将符合入选标准的脓毒症患者40例,按照随机分组原则分为观察组和对照组,每组20例。所有患者给予常规抗感染治疗（根据培养结果给予敏感抗生素）和必要的对症支持治疗。观察组患者加用血必净注射液50ml静脉滴注,1次／12h,乌司他丁60万u静脉滴注,1次／12h,连用7d。记录治疗前后所有患者的体温、脉搏、呼吸、血白细胞（W33C）、降钙素原（PCT）、c反应蛋白（CRP）、急性生理学与慢性健康状况评分（APACHEII）、7天病死率。结果：疗程结束时观察组脉搏、呼吸、WBC、PCT、CRP、APACHEII评分、7天病死率均较治疗前明显下降,与对照组相比差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：血必净注射液联合乌司他丁对重症脓毒症有明确疗效,改善临床症状,降低病死率。     

空肠营养对重症急性胰腺炎的疗效观察

目的：探讨早期空肠营养对重症急性胰腺炎（SAP）的疗效。方法：118名重症急性胰腺炎患者随机分为EN组和TPN组．比较两组SAP病人住院时间、费用、感染率、并发症及死亡率等。结果：TPN组住院时间长,费用高,感染率、并发症及病死率高。差异具有显著性。结论：早期空肠营养支持可明显改善SAP病情,提高治疗效果。     

早期康复治疗在重度颅脑损伤患者中应用的临床疗效观察

目的：观察早期康复治疗在重度颅脑损伤患者中应用的临床疗效,探讨提高重度颅脑损伤患者临床疗效的治疗方法。方法：选择重度颅脑损伤患者72例,根据康复治疗的时间不同,分为早期组与非早期组,比较两组患者康复治疗3个月后Fugl-Meyer评分、Barthel指数和神经功能恢复情况。结果：早期组患者的,临床疗效好于非早期组患者,两者在上述方面比较,差异均具有统计学意5k（P〈0．05）。结论：对于重度颅脑损伤患者,应积极施行早期康复治疗,可促进患者神经功能恢复,提高l临床疗效。     

磺胺嘧啶银混悬液联合银锌霜分阶段疗法在大面积烧伤中的应用

目的:观察2008年1月至2010年12月期间98例TBSA大于35%的烧伤病人创面联合应用磺胺嘧啶银混悬液联合银锌霜的疗效.方法:以同期76例应用碘伏的病人作为对照,两组病人的平均年龄、烧伤面积、Ⅲ度面积无显著差别,用药方式均以半暴露为主.结果:磺胺嘧啶银混悬液联合银锌霜组能显著增加细菌转阴率,减少抗生素应用时间及植皮手术次数,缩短愈合时间.结论:磺胺嘧啶银混悬液联合银锌霜较碘伏能显著增加抗感染能力,有利于肉芽创面形成,为自行愈合或再次手术打下良好基础,值得应用.     

Polymorphisms of interferon-inducible genes OAS-1 and MxA associated with SARS in the Vietnamese population

We hypothesized that host antiviral genes induced by type I interferons might affect the natural course of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). We analyzed single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase 1 (OAS-1), myxovirus resistance-A (MxA), and double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase in 44 Vietnamese SARS patients with 103 controls. The G-allele of non-synonymous A/G SNP in exon 3 of OAS-1 gene showed association with SARS (p=0.0090). The G-allele in exon 3 of OAS-1 and the one in exon 6 were in strong linkage disequilibrium and both of them were associated with SARS infection. The GG genotype and G-allele of G/T SNP at position -88 in the MxA gene promoter were found more frequently in hypoxemic group than in non-hypoxemic group of SARS (p=0.0195). Our findings suggest that polymorphisms of two IFN-inducible genes OAS-1 and MxA might affect susceptibility to the disease and progression of SARS at each level.