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51.
J. Sklenar G. G. Fox B. C. Loughman A. D. B. Pannifer R. G. Ratcliffe 《Plant and Soil》1994,167(1):57-62
Although the sensitivity of the plasma membrane H+-ATPase to vanadate is well known, the metabolic response of plant cells to vanadate is less well characterised in vivo and its use as an inhibitor in whole plant experiments has had mixed success. Experiments with maize (Zea mays, L.) roots and with purified plasma membrane fractions from the same tissues showed that exposure to vanadate caused: (i) a reduction in the capacity for phosphate uptake; (ii) a reduction in the extractable ATPase activity from the tissue; and (iii) a significant increase in the ATP level. The measurements on the extractable ATPase activity and the ATP level showed that the effect of vanadate developed slowly, apparently reflecting the slow accumulation of intracellular vanadate. The marked effect of vanadate on the ATP level-exposure to 500 M vanadate for 5 h doubled the ATP content of the roots tips-indicates that there is no stringent control over the ATP level in the roots and that the plasma membrane H+-ATPase activity is likely to have a significant role in determining the ATP level under normal conditions. 相似文献
52.
53.
G. S. Bańuelos G. E. Cardon C. J. Phene L. Wu S. Akohoue S. Zambrzuski 《Plant and Soil》1993,148(2):253-263
High concentrations of boron (B) and selenium (Se) naturally found in the environment are detrimental to sustainable agriculture in the western USA. Greenhouse pot experiments were conducted to study B and Se uptake in three different plant species; Brassica juncea (L.) Czern (wild brown mustard), Festuca arundinacea Schreb. L. (tall fescue), and Brassica napus (canola) were grown in soil containing naturally occurring concentrations of 3.00 mg extractable B kg–1 and 1.17 mg total Se kg–1 soil. During the growing season, four intermediate harvests were performed on wild mustard and tall fescue. Final harvest I consisted of harvesting wild mustard, canola, and clipping tall fescue. Final harvest II consisted of harvesting wild mustard, which had been planted in soil in which wild mustard was previously grown, and harvesting previously clipped tall fescue. The greatest total amount of above ground biomass and below surface biomass was produced by tall fescue. Plants were separated into shoots and roots, weighted, and plant tissues were analyzed for total B and Se. The highest concentrations of tissue B were recovered in shoots of wild mustard and canola at final harvest I, while roots from tall fescue contained the highest concentrations of B irrespective of the harvest. Tissue Se concentrations were similar in all plants species. Soils were analyzed for residual B and Se. Extractable soil B concentrations at harvest times were lowered no less than 32% and total Se no less than 24% for all three species. The planting of wild mustard, canola, or tall fescue can reduce water-extractable B and total Se in the soil. 相似文献
54.
Twenty-four weanling male Wistar rats were divided into four groups fed diets containing adequate or deficient levels of selenium
(0.5 ppm [+ Se] or <0.02 ppm [−Se] and protein (15% [+Pro] or 5% [−Pro]), but adequate levels of all other nutrients for 4
wk to determine the effects of Se deficiency and protein deficiency on tissue Se and glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) activity
in rats. Plasma, heart, liver, and kidney Se and GSHPx were significantly lower in Se-deficient groups in relation to Se-sufficient
groups. In Se-deficient groups, Se and GSHPx were significantly higher in −Se−Pro rats in heart, liver, and kidney. Data analysis
showed that there were significant interaction effects between dietary Se and protein on Se and GSHPx of rats. It is assumed
that under the condition of Se deficiency. a low level of protein may decrease Se and GSHPx utilization, increase GSHPx synthesis,
and result in Se redistribution. This could account for high levels of Se and GSHPx in the −Se−Pro rats compared to −Se+Pro
rats. 相似文献
55.
Mariana Vlad E. Bordas Rodica Tomus Doina Sava Ecaterina Farkas G. Uza 《Biological trace element research》1993,38(1):47-54
Serum copper concentration increases significantly (p<0.01) in rats with experimental atherosclerosis compared to a control group. The serum zinc, the zinc, and copper concentration
in abdominal aorta and in liver decreases significantly (p<0.05) compared to the control group. Administration of copper sulfate for 100 d in these animals induces a significant increase
of serum copper (p<0.01), decrease of serum cholesterol (p<0.05) and increase of liver copper concentration as compared with the group fed only a high cholesterol diet. In the aorta
of these animals the copper concentration increases and edema and lipid infiltration are considerably less than in the group
of animals fed only a high lipid diet. 相似文献
56.
57.
Shuichi Yano 《Population Ecology》1994,36(1):63-71
This report shows that one of the most important roles of the flower nectar of an autogamous perennialRorippa indica (L.) Hieron is as an attractant for employing some ant species as a defense against herbivorous insects. The plant has flowers from spring to early winter. Its flower nectar is frequently stolen by some ant species (hereafter cited as ants) which also feed on small herbivorous insects on the plant. Internations among the tritrophic levels (R. indica, herbivores, ants) were experimentally examined and the followings became clear. (1) Ants were attracted toR. indica in search of its flower nectar. (2) The gradual secretion of flower nectar seemed to detain ants on the plant. (3)Pieris butterfly lavae were the major herbivores onR. indica and were potentially harmful to the plant. (4) The presence of ants reduced the survival rate ofP. rapae larvae onR. indica. (5) The presence of ants reduced the feeding damage toR. indica. (6) The disadvantage of nectar use by ants seemed to be minimal for the plant since the ants did not disturb the other flower visitors. These facts suggest a mutualistic relationship betweenR. indica and ants. That is, the flower nectar serves as an indirect defense against herbivorous insects. 相似文献
58.
59.
Cell Cycle Arrest of Proliferating Neuronal Cells by Serum Deprivation Can Result in Either Apoptosis or Differentiation 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
M. Keith Howard Lindsey C. Burke Carolina Mailhos Arnold Pizzey Christopher S. Gilbert† W. Durward Lawson‡ Mary K. L. Collins§ N. Shaun B. Thomas David S. Latchman 《Journal of neurochemistry》1993,60(5):1783-1791
Abstract: Apoptotic cell death plays a critical role in the development of the nervous system. The death of mature nondividing neurons that fail to receive appropriate input from the target field has been extensively studied. However, the mechanisms mediating the extensive cell death occurring in areas of the developing brain where proliferating neuroblasts differentiate into mature nondividing neurons have not been analyzed. We show here that the cell cycle arrest of a proliferating cell of neuronal origin by removal of serum results in either apoptotic cell death or differentiation to a mature nondividing neuronal cell. The proportion of cells undergoing death or differentiation is influenced in opposite directions by treatment of the cells with cyclic AMP and retinoic acid. This suggests that following the withdrawal of signals stimulating neuroblast cell division, neuronal cells either can cease to suppress a constitutive suicide pathway and hence die by apoptosis or, alternatively, can differentiate into a mature neuronal cell. Regulation of the balance between apoptosis and neuronal differentiation could therefore play a critical role in controlling the numbers of mature neurons that form. 相似文献
60.
本文对血清岩藻糖测定方法进行了系统研究。血清用量由200μL减至50μL,显色反应4h内稳定。吸收峰在396nm。岩藻糖浓度40μg/mL内线性良好,批间CV=2.1%。以Sephadex-G200层析,血清岩藻糖主要存在于分子量为500kD的组分中。以本法测得30例健康人血清岩藻糖浓度为588.1±172.0μmol/L。 相似文献