Development and characterization of cell culture systems from Puntius (Tor) chelynoides (McClelland)

Puntius (Tor) chelynoides, commonly known as dark mahseer, is a commercially important coldwater fish species which inhabits fast-flowing hill-streams of India and Nepal. Cell culture systems were developed from eye, fin, heart and swim bladder tissues of P. chelynoides using explant method. The cell culture system developed from eye has been maintained towards a continuous cell line designated as PCE. The cells were grown in 25cm(2) tissue culture flasks with Leibovitz' L-15 media supplemented with 20 % fetal bovine serum (FBS) at 24°C. The PCE cell line consists of predominantly fibroblast-like cells and showed high plating efficiency. The monolayer formed from the fin and heart explants were comprised of epithelial as well as fibroblast-like cells, a prominent and rhythmic heartbeat was also observed in heart explants. Monolayer formed from swim bladder explants showed the morphology of fibroblast-like cells. All the cells from different tissues are able to grow at an optimum temperature of 24°C and growth rate increased as the FBS concentration increased. The PCE cell line was characterized using amplification of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) & 16S rRNA genes which confirmed that the cell line originated from P. chelynoides. Cytogenetic analysis of PCE cell line and cells from fin revealed a diploid count of 100 chromosomes. Upon transfection with pEGFP-C1 plasmid, bright fluorescent signals were observed, suggesting that this cell line can be used for transgenic and genetic manipulation studies. Further, genotoxicity assessment of PCE cells illustrated the utility of this cell line as an in vitro model for aquatic toxicological studies. The PCE cell line was successfully cryopreserved and revived at different passage levels. The cell line and culture systems are being maintained to develop continuous cell lines for further studies.     

Monosomy 9pter and trisomy 9q34.11qter in two sisters due to a maternal pericentric inversion

Pericentric inversions of chromosome 9 leading to unbalanced live-born offspring are relatively rare and so far only four cases have been reported. Here we present two sisters with an unbalanced recombinant chromosome 9 which resulted from a large maternal pericentric inversion inv(9)(p24.3q34.1). Further molecular characterisation of the aberrant chromosome 9 by 250k SNP array analysis showed a terminal 460 kb loss of 9p24.3 and a terminal 8.9 Mb gain of 9q34.11. We compared the clinical features of these two patients with the previous reported four cases as well as with patients with similar sized 9pter deletions or 9qter duplications. Based upon this study, we suggest that the recombinant chromosome 9 phenotype is mainly the result of duplication of a 3.4 Mb region of chromosome 9q34.11q34.13.     

Spatial self-organization in a cyclic resource-species model

Biological communities are remarkable in their ability to form cooperative ensembles that lead to coexistence through various types of niche partitioning, usually intimately tied to spatial structure. This is especially true in microbial settings where differential expression and regulation of genes allows members of a given species to alter their lifestyle so as to fill a functional role within the community. The resulting species interactions can involve feedback, as in the case of some bacterial consortia that participate in the cooperative degradation of a given resource in a succession of steps and in such a way that certain "later" species provide catalytic support for the primary degrader. We seek to capture the essential features of such spatially extended biological systems by introducing a lattice-based stochastic spatial model (interacting particle system) with cyclic local dynamics. Here, a given site progresses through a sequence of resource and species states in a prescribed order. Furthermore, this succession of states (at a site) is assumed to form a cyclic pattern due to a natural feedback mechanism. We explore conditions under which all the species are able to coexist and consider the extent to which this coexistence requires the development of spatio-temporal patterns, including spiral waves. This self-organization, if it occurs, results when synchronization of the dynamics at the microscopic level leads to macroscopic patterns. These patterns result in consumer-driven resource fluctuations that generate a form of spatio-temporal niche partitioning. As with most models of this complexity, we employ a mixture of mathematical analysis and simulations to develop an understanding of the resulting dynamics.     

长白山野生有毒植物种质资源调查研究及开发利用

本文重点介绍了长白山有毒植物种质资源的种类、特点,开发利用的现状,存在的问题,开发前景,采取措施等方面的内容,为国内外开发利用这一宝贵资源提供一些原始资料.     

中国作物种质资源学科的奠基者——记中国农业科学院董玉琛院士

董玉琛院士是我国作物种质资源学科的奠基人之一。将个人的成长置于学科发展和社会大背景下,从时代变迁与个人选择、学科发展与个人贡献、学术特点、科学精神与人格魅力4个方面系统梳理了董玉琛院士学术成长历程,探究其取得成功的影响因素,以启发和激励青年学者,传承和弘扬老科学家的科学精神。     

长江中上游主要经济鱼类的渔业生物学特征

根据1996－1999年长江中上游渔业资源监测资料,分析了青鱼,草鱼,链,鳙,铜鱼,圆口铜鱼,长吻Wei,河鲶,瓦氏黄颡鱼,鲤等10种主要经济鱼的渔业生物学特性,并应用von Bertalanffy公式,Key公式,Beverton-Holt公式等估计了生长参数,总死亡系数,自然死亡系数,捕捞死亡系数,总存活率,总死亡率,自然死亡率,捕捞死亡率和开发率,讨论了资源的开发状况,针对存在的问题,提出了渔业管理意见。     

农牧交错区面临的问题及其解决的途径——以内蒙古多伦县为例

对农牧交错区典型地段内蒙古多伦县存在的问题及解决途径进行了研究．结果表明,产业结构不合理。要求多伦必须走压缩一产(主要指规模)提高二产和鼓励发展三产的经济发展道路,并着重提高生产效益．土地利用结构不合理,要求必须减少耕地面积,扩大林地、草地面积．在资源利用上,应着重抓好水资源的合理利用,发挥农牧区资源互补的优势,发展高效益、集约型的农牧业．     

神农架自然保护区大九湖芽孢杆菌资源调查

对神农架自然保护区大九湖 2 1份土样进行芽孢杆菌的分离 ,共分离得到 1 4 0株纯培养 ,鉴定为 1 1个种 ,处优势地位的四个种分别为腊样芽孢杆菌占 31 .3% ,短芽孢杆菌占 2 5% ,环状芽孢杆菌占 1 2 .5% ,蕈状芽孢杆菌占 1 1 .6%。还分析了嗜中温芽孢杆菌在该地区的分布及其与环境的关系。     

广西绞股蓝属的生态分布及资源利用

本文报道了广西绞股蓝属的种类调查研究概况,并分析了广西纹股蓝属的生态条件和地理分布,为绞股蓝属的资源开发利用提供参考。本属在广西有5种,即广西绞股蓝、扁果绞股蓝、光叶绞股蓝、长梗绞股蓝。     

杜松挥发油化学成分与资源利用研究

杜松挥发油的化学成分,采用所相色谱曲法,分离出４８个组分,鉴定了１９个化合物。它们是：α－蒎烯、β蒎烯、月桂烯、α－水芹烯、棕檬烯＋β－水芹烯、异松油烯、龙脑、４－松油醇、α－蛇麻烯、倍半萜烯、大牛儿烯－Ｄ、丁香香叶酯、表－２－甜没药醇、反,反－金合欢醇、反－顺－金合欢醇。为杜松植物资源的开发利用提供科学依据。