重症肺炎患者病原菌分布、临床结局分析及血清尿素氮与肌酐比值、尿素氮与白蛋白比值联合检测的临床意义

摘要 目的：分析重症肺炎（SP）患者病原菌分布和临床结局并探讨血清尿素氮与肌酐比值（UCR）、尿素氮与白蛋白比值（UAR）联合检测的临床意义。方法：选取2019年8月～2022年8月三六三医院收治的107例SP患者,根据临床结局分为死亡组和存活组。分析SP患者病原菌分布情况。采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析SP患者临床结局的影响因素,采用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线分析血清UCR、UAR水平对SP患者临床结局的评估价值。结果：107例SP患者痰液标本中培养出122株病原菌,其中革兰阴性菌75株（61.48%）,革兰阳性菌39株（31.97%）,真菌8株（6.56%）。107例SP患者院内死亡率为40.19%（43/107）。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,年龄增加、肺外并发症≥2个和UCR、UAR升高为SP患者临床结局不良的独立危险因素,氧合指数增加为其独立保护因素（P＜0.05）。ROC曲线分析显示,血清UCR、UAR联合评估SP患者临床结局的曲线下面积（AUC）大于各指标单独评估。结论：SP患者病原菌分布以革兰阴性菌为主,血清UCR、UAR升高为SP患者临床结局不良的独立危险因素,可能成为SP患者临床结局的辅助评估指标,且二者联合评估SP患者临床结局的价值较高。     

不同病情急性呼吸窘迫综合征患者血清铁蛋白、血管生成素样蛋白4、降钙素原与白蛋白比值的变化及对预后的评估价值

摘要 目的：探讨不同病情急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）患者血清铁蛋白、血管生成素样蛋白4（ANGPTL4）、降钙素原与白蛋白比值（PAR）的变化及对预后的评估价值。方法：选取2019年3月至2022年6月四川大学华西第四医院重症医学科收治的109例ARDS患者,根据氧合指数（PaO₂/FiO₂）将患者分为轻度组（200 mmHg＜PaO₂/FiO₂≤300 mmHg,38例）、中度组（100 mmHg＜PaO₂/FiO₂≤200 mmHg,42例）、重度组（≤100 mmHg,29例）。检测所有ARDS患者血清铁蛋白、ANGPTL4水平及PAR,根据患者入院后28 d内生存状况将其分为存活组（69例）、死亡组（40例）。多因素Logistic回归分析ARDS患者入院后28 d内死亡的危险因素。受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线分析血清铁蛋白、ANGPTL4、PAR评估ARDS患者预后的预测价值。结果：重度组血清铁蛋白、ANGPTL4、降钙素原及PAR高于中度组和轻度组（P＜0.05）,血清白蛋白水平低于中度组和轻度组（P＜0.05）。死亡组血清铁蛋白、ANGPTL4、降钙素原及PAR高于存活组（P＜0.05）,血清白蛋白水平低于存活组（P＜0.05）。高SOFA评分、高PAR及血清铁蛋白、ANGPTL4水平升高是 ARDS患者入院28 d内死亡的危险因素（P＜0.05）。联合血清铁蛋白、ANGPTL4、PAR三项指标预测ARDS患者预后的曲线下面积为0.867,高于单独指标预测的0.775、0.727、0.776。结论：ARDS患者血清铁蛋白、ANGPTL4水平及PAR增高与病情加重以及预后不良有关,联合检测三项指标在ARDS患者预后评估中具有较高价值。     

红原鸡与家鸡的亲缘关系研究

对中国红原鸡滇地亚种和海南亚种与我国茶花鸡,泰和鸡和寿光鸡等地方鸡种以及芦花鸡,洛岛红等外国鸡种进行了血型（３个位点,１３个等位基因）,蛋白质（酶）多态（５个位点,１１个等位基因）和ＤＮＡ指纹分析,结果表明,红原鸡与茶花鸡（原始型品种）的亲缘关系较近;与泰和鸡,寿光鸡,芦花鸡,洛岛红（进化型品种）的亲缘关系较远,呈红原鸡－茶花鸡－泰和鸡,寿光鸡或芦花鸡,洛岛红这样一个进化阶梯,以上结果与国外资料（     

六种鼠苹果酸脱氢酶,血浆蛋白质和血红蛋白的变异分析

本文分析了家鼠属（Ｒａｔｔｕｓ）４种鼠和姬鼠属（Ａｐｏｄｅｍｕｓ）２种鼠的苹果酸脱氢酶、血浆中β１区和β２区蛋白质、血浆清蛋白、前清蛋白以及红细胞中血红蛋白的变异。结果表明,ＭＤＨ在进化上是比较保守的,其中ＭＤＨｍ和ＭＤＨｓ２带在各鼠间位于同一泳动线上,仅ＭＤＨｓ１带的泳动速度出现属间和种间的微小差异;血浆中β１区和β２区的蛋白质带、清蛋白带以及前清蛋白带各鼠间出现明显的变异,表现为黑线姬鼠和社鼠在β１区出现２种多态型区带,褐家鼠在β２区也有２种多态型带;各鼠间的血红蛋白变异比较明显,主要表现在区带数和主成分的泳动度显著不同,而且社鼠的Ｈｂ出现３种多态型,黄毛鼠出现２种多态型,其余各鼠的Ｈｂ皆为单态性。上述１６项生化特性按相似和相异进行配对比较,初步表明黄毛鼠与褐家鼠亲缘上比较相近,白腹巨鼠要比其他３种鼠亲缘上更接近于黑线姬鼠,而社鼠与白腹巨鼠之间进化分歧相对地较大。     

人重组GM－CSF／HAS－D3嵌合蛋白（GM－HSA）在大肠杆菌中的表达及其产物稳定性的研究

将人粒细胞－巨噬细胞集落刺激因子（ＧＭ－ＣＳＦ）和人血清白蛋白第三功能区（ＨＡＳ－Ｄ３）的基因串联后,在Ｅ．ｃｏｌｉ中获高效表达,表达量占菌体蛋白的３２．６％．利用ＴＦ－１体外细胞活性测定表明,ＧＭ－ＨＳＡ的活性单位为１．０４×１０~６Ｕ／ｍｇ,虽然其比活性低于ＧＭ－ＣＳＦ,但比后者具有更高的体外热稳定性和储藏稳定性．     

献血员抗－HCV检测报告

对１５８７名献血员进行了抗－ＨＣＶ检测,总阳性率５．６０％,在不同职业中农民较高,占６．７２％,３０岁以上为１２．７６％。我站自改进采浆工艺,严格使用一次性消毒器具后,未发现ＨＣＶ交叉感染。职业献血者抗－ＨＣＶ阳性率高达３５．４８％,易造成输血后ＨＣＶ感染。对ＨＣＶ感染ＯＤ值阳性３０人又进行４－６个月的观察复测,其中１６人ＯＤ值下降,６人上升,认为ＯＤ值的变化与自限性ＨＣＶ感染有关。     

Vitamin C stabilization as a consequence of the plasma membrane redox system

Summary Ascorbate is stabilized in the presence of HL-60 cells. Our results showed that cAMP derivatives and agents that increase cAMP stimulate the ability of HL-60 cells to stabilize ascorbate. On the other hand, tunicamycin, a glycosilation-interfering agent, inhibited this ability. The ascorbate stabilization in the presence of HL-60 cells has been questioned as a simple chemical effect. Further properties and controls about the enzymatic nature of this stabilization are described and discussed. This data, together with hormonal regulation, support the hypothesis that an enzymatic redox system located at the plasma membrane is responsible of the extracellular ascorbate stabilization by HL-60 cells.Abbreviations AFR ascorbate free radicals - FCS fetal calf serum - Sp-cAMPS Sp-cyclic adenosine monophosphothionate - Rp-cAMPS Rp-cyclic adenosine monophosphothionate     

Isolation of protoplasts for patch-clamp experiments: an improved method requiring minimal amounts of adult leaf or root tissue from monocotyledonous or dicotyledonous plants

Summary For the purpose of patch-clamp studies, a protoplast isolation procedure is presented in which an osmotic shock (changing the osmolarity of the medium) and centrifugation step are omitted to limit mechanical stress. Apart from the reduction of mechanical stress factors, protoplast washing is also limited. Protoplasts have been isolated from different monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plant species and from different tissues (leaves and roots). The seal success rate in patch-clamp experiments was high (about 85% successful seals showing a seal resistance > 10G). To evaluate the electrogenic viability of the protoplasts, fusicoccin and light responses of the plasma membrane and channel activity were tested. The addition of fusicoccin to the bathing medium caused typical high activation of the proton pump. Switching the light on and off caused transient depolarizations and hyperpolarizations, respectively, matching data reported for mesophyll cells in micro-electrode studies. Whole-cell and single-channel recordings of protoplast plasma membranes isolated from intact tobacco andArabidopsis leaves were comparable with data published for protoplasts from corresponding tissue cultures. It is concluded that our isolation procedure yields protoplasts with electrogenic responses and is therefore suitable for patch-clamp studies in physiological research.Abbreviations K₄BAPTA potassium-1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)-ethane-N,N,N,N-tetraacetic acid - BTP 1,3-bis[tris(hydroxy-methyl)-methylamino]propane - Hepes 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethane sulphonic acid - Mes 2-(N morpholino)ethane sulphonic acid - Tris tris (hydroxymethyl)aminomethane - WC whole cell     

Absence of plasma membrane H+-ATPase in plasmodesmata located in pit-fields of the young reactive pulvinus ofMimosa pudica L.

Summary Immunocytochemical techniques were employed to study the spatial distribution of the plasma membrane H⁺-ATPase within various cell types of the young reactive primary pulvinus ofMimosa pudica L. These cells were interconnected by large numbers of plasmodesmata, being concentrated within pit-fields. Although we could routinely detect evidence of the H⁺-ATPase along the plasma membrane, immunolabelling was rarely, if ever, observed along the plasma membranes of the plasmodesmata. This finding is discussed with respect to the likely specialized supramolecular structure of the plasmodesma.Abbreviations SEL size exclusion limit of plasmodesmata     

Iron and copper in plasma membranes of maize (Zea mays L.) roots investigated by proton induced X-ray emission

Summary Plasma membranes of maize (Zea mays L., cv. Sil Anjou 18) roots were isolated by aqueous two-phase partitioning. Multi elemental analysis by proton induced X-ray emission (PIXE) was used for the investigation of elemental composition of plasma membranes. Fe, Cu, and Zn as well as P, S, and Ca were identified. We did not find significant amounts of V, Mn, Se, Mo, or W.Abbreviations EDTA ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid - HCF III hexacyanoferrate III (ferricyanide, K₃[FeCN₆]) - Hepes 2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazine]-ethanesulfonic acid - PIXE proton induced X-ray emission (proton microprobe) - STA siliciotungstic acid - Tris tris (hydroxymethyl)aminomethane