Nobiletin protects against insulin resistance and disorders of lipid metabolism by reprogramming of circadian clock in hepatocytes

Scope

Circadian clock plays a principal role in orchestrating our daily physiology and metabolism, and their perturbation can evoke metabolic diseases such as fatty liver and insulin resistance. Nobiletin (NOB) has been demonstrated to possess antitumor and neuroprotective activities. The objective of the current study is to determine potential effects of NOB on modulating the core clock gene Bmal1 regarding ameliorating glucolipid metabolic disorders.

Pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and CCL2 suppress expression of circadian gene Period2 in mammary epithelial cells

Chronic inflammation is known to contribute to tumor initiation and cancer progression. In breast tissue, the core circadian gene Period (PER)2 plays a critical role in mammary gland development and possesses tumor suppressor function. Interleukin (IL)-6 and C-C motif chemokine ligand (CCL) 2 are among the most abundant cytokines in the inflammatory microenvironment. We found that acute stimulation by IL-6/CCL2 reduced PER2 expression in non-tumorigenic breast epithelial cells. Longer term exposure to IL-6/CCL2 suppressed PER2 to an even lower level. IL-6 activated STAT3/NFκB p50 signaling to recruit HDAC1 to the PER2 promoter. CCL2 activated the PI3K/AKT pathway to promote ELK-1 cytoplasm-to-nucleus translocation, recruit HDAC1 to the proximal PER2 promoter and facilitate DNMT3-EZH2-PER2 promoter association. Ectopic expression of PER2 inhibited IL-6 or CCL2 induced mammosphere forming ability and reduced sphere size indicating that PER2 repression in breast epithelial cells can be crucial to activate tumorigenesis in an inflammatory microenvironment. The diminished expression of PER2 can be observed over a time scale of hours to weeks following IL-6/CCL2 stimulation suggesting that PER2 suppression occurs in the early stage of the interaction between an inflammatory microenvironment and normal breast epithelial cells. These data show new mechanisms by which mammary cells interact with a cancerous microenvironment and provide additional evidence that PER2 expression contributes to breast tumorigenesis.     

Studies on interspecies competition between the azuki bean weevil,Callosobruchus chinensis,and the southern cowpea weevil,C. maculatus II. Competition under different environmental conditions

The experimental studies was done on the interspecies competition between the azuki bean weevil, Callosobruchus chinensis, and the southern cowpea weevil, C. maculatus, under the different environmental conditions.

1. At 30°C, 70% R. H., the change of food replenishment interval had no influence upon the competition results, and the competition always ended in the extinction of C. maculatus. But there was a tendency for the period of co-existence to be elongated as the interval of replenishment lengthened.
2. At 30°C, 70% R. H., there were no differences in the competition processes and results between the competition using the dry bean (water content about 11%) or the normal one (about 15%).
3. At 32°C, 64% R. H., the competition result was reversed from that at 30°C, 70% R. H. This is thought to be due to the differences of the developmental rates and the numbers of eggs oviposited between the two species at these conditions.
4. In some cases the competition result could be understood from the point of the phenomena of single species populations of both species, but in other cases, the results were in conflict with the expectation from those phenomena. To analyze the competition mechanism, it is necessary to investigate the interaction between species.

     

Endogenous light-dependent rhythm of zonation in Penicillium claviforme

In darkness, sporalation of Penicillium claviforme Bainier CBS strain 126–23 was uniform. A single 10 J m⁻² blue light pulse (in the range 360 to 520 nm) was sufficient to elicit an endogenous zonation rhythm (coremia formation); the higher the fluence, the longer the rhythm expression. The period was 30 to 36 h as long as sufficient fluence rate (3 μW m⁻² for broad band blue light and 18.1 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹ for wavelengths 433, 457 or 465 nm) was continuously maintained; this rhythm became desynchronized in about a week. The period increased rapidly and reached 72 to 120 h as soon as the fluence rate was too low or dark was established. The 445,479 and 495 nm radiations evoked the rhythm in pulse experiments, whereas the rhythm was immediately desynchronized in continuous light. The participation of two photosensitive reactions in the rhythm regulation of P. claviforme is postulated.     

不同人群人工流产术围手术期预防用多西环素临床分析

目的:分析不同人群人工流产术围手术期预防用多西环素的临床疗效。方法:采用回顾性调查方法,抽取本院2012年要求行人工流产术的日间手术住院患者4073例,分为正常人群和高危人群。正常人群中预防用多西环素者(预防组)2007例,未预防用抗菌药物组(未预防组)688例,高危人群中预防组865例,未预防组513例。对比分析不同人群预防组和未预防组术后1个月的手术部位感染率和远期(1年)并发症发生率。结果:正常人群预防组的手术部位感染率及远期并发症发生率分别为2.14%、7.77%,均分别显著低于未预防组的6.54%、11.05%(P0.05),而高危人群预防组分别为4.62%、10.06%,与未预防组的4.68%、12.09%比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:围手术期预防用多西环素可降低人工流产术中正常人群的手术部位感染率和远期并发症发生率,而对于高危人群的作用不明显,因此术前应对患者的高危感染因素进行积极治愈或纠正后,预防用药价值可能较大。     

三种群食饵系统的平稳振荡

本文研究了一类三种群周期食饵系统,并给出了其存在平稳振荡的充分条件。     

不同结构类蛋白质序列中的关联特性

采用功率谱的方法对不同结构类蛋白质序列进行了研究。结论为：从统计平均的角度看,蛋白质序列并不同一种毫无规律的随机序列,它们存在着明显的关联,而且不同结构类蛋白质序列具有与它们的结构类相对应的不同的关联特性。     

榆林火石梁遗址动物遗存研究

本文对榆林新机场火石梁遗址出土的动物骨骼进行了系统的分类和研究。动物骨骼属哺乳动物18种,鸟类1种;其中以羊骨数量最多,约占总数的60%,不同于任何一个关中新石器遗址。根据对出土的动物骨骼和文化层堆积分析结果表明:遗址周围的自然景观以草原为主,草原上有各种羊、牛、马、兔等食草动物,不远处有一定面积的森林、疏林、灌丛及沙漠,其间有虎、猫等食肉动物和各种鹿类动物及羚羊的出没。动物中虎、梅花鹿、马鹿、狍、羚羊、岩羊现已在此绝迹,其余为现仍生活在该地区的种类。