女性生殖道炎症支原体多重耐药性分析

了解本地区在采用常规抗生素治疗支原体后多重耐药株的产生情况,为临床针对性用药提供科学依据。采用培养法对女性生殖道炎患者分泌物进行支原体培养、体外药敏试验及分析。结果可见,感染数量≥10~4 cfu/mL的支原体阳性率为52.9%(82/155);13种抗生素中,耐药种数构成比为6R>2R、4R、5R>3R>1R>8R>7R、10R>0R>9R、12R、13R;耐药率为林可霉素>壮观霉素>环丙沙星>诺氟沙星>司帕沙星>罗红霉素>氧氟沙星>克拉霉素>左氧氟沙星>阿齐霉素>强力霉素,美满霉素>交沙霉素。体外药敏试验对临床治疗支原体感染及减少多重耐药株的产生具有重要指导意义。     

The Potential Impact of Disease on the Migratory Structure of a Partially Migratory Passerine Population

Since its introduction into eastern North America in the 1940s, the eastern population of house finches (Carpodacus mexicanus) has become partially migratory, unlike its nonmigratory source population in southern California (Able and Belthoff in Proc. R. Soc. Lond. 265 (1410), 2063–2071, 1998; Belthoff and Gauthreaux in Condor 93, 374–382, 1991). The infectious disease mycoplasmal conjunctivitis (pathogen Mycoplasma gallisepticum or “MG”), which has been monitored in the house finch population since its appearance around 1993 (Dhondt et al. in J. Wild. Dis. 34 (2), 265–280, 1998), may induce higher mortality rates among populations in more northerly latitudes relative to more southerly populations. Here, we investigate the potential impact of this differential disease mortality on the migratory structure of the eastern house finch population using an epidemic modeling approach. Analytical and computational results suggest the ongoing MG epidemic in the eastern house finch could lead to increases in the percentage of and the total number of migrating individuals in a population despite overall population declines, assuming relatively high winter mortality rates in the north eastern part of their range. These results also suggest that empirical evidence of such a change in migratory structure would be most noticeable in northerly inland populations that showed significant declines following the initial outbreak of MG in the east.     

猪支原体肺炎防治研究进展

本文列举了目前临床上用于防治猪支原体肺炎的药物与疫苗的名称和用法用量,并分析了其作用机制及使用效果。抗生素只能抑制支原体生长,无法完全清除,只能解决暂时性问题,且一旦停止用药容易复发,并容易使支原体产生耐药性。国外使用的主要是灭活疫苗,但它无法激发猪体全身免疫系统,需配合优良佐剂使用。国内研制的弱毒疫苗效果很好,但免疫接种方法难度大,不易推广。本文同时综述了目前实验室关于猪支原体肺炎基因工程疫苗的研究进展,并对该病进一步的综合防控措施提出了建议。     

Identification of immunogenic polypeptides from a <Emphasis Type="Italic">Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae</Emphasis> genome library by phage display

The identification of immunogenic polypeptides of pathogens is helpful for the development of diagnostic assays and therapeutic applications like vaccines. Routinely, these proteins are identified by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blot using convalescent serum, followed by mass spectrometry. This technology, however, is limited, because low or differentially expressed proteins, e.g. dependent on pathogen-host interaction, cannot be identified. In this work, we developed and improved a M13 genomic phage display-based method for the selection of immunogenic polypeptides of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, a pathogen causing porcine enzootic pneumonia. The fragmented genome of M. hyopneumoniae was cloned into a phage display vector, and the genomic library was packaged using the helperphage Hyperphage to enrich open reading frames (ORFs). Afterwards, the phage display library was screened by panning using convalescent serum. The analysis of individual phage clones resulted in the identification of five genes encoding immunogenic proteins, only two of which had been previously identified and described as immunogenic. This M13 genomic phage display, directly combining ORF enrichment and the presentation of the corresponding polypeptide on the phage surface, complements proteome-based methods for the identification of immunogenic polypeptides and is particularly well suited for the use in mycoplasma species.     

Mycoplasma fermentans glycolipid-antigen as a pathogen of rheumatoid arthritis

Mycoplasma fermentans has been suspected as one of the causative pathogenic microorganisms of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) however, the pathogenic mechanism is still unclear. We, previously, reported that glycolipid-antigens (GGPL-I and III) are the major antigens of M. fermentans. Monoclonal antibody against the GGPL-III could detect the existence of the GGPL-III antigens in synovial tissues from RA patients. GGPL-III antigens were detected in 38.1% (32/84) of RA patient’s tissues, but not in osteoarthritis (OA) and normal synovial tissues. Immunoelectron microscopy revealed that a part of GGPL-III antigens are located at endoplasmic reticulum. GGPL-III significantly induced TNF-α and IL-6 production from peripheral blood mononulear cells, and also proliferation of synovial fibroblasts. Further study is necessary to prove that M. fermentans is a causative microorganism of RA; however, the new mechanisms of disease pathogenesis provides hope for the development of effective and safe immunotherapeutic strategies based on the lipid-antigen, GGPL-III, in the near future.     

肺炎支原体感染大鼠肺组织中PDGF-BB变化的免疫组织化学研究

为探讨血小板源性生长因子 - BB(PDGF- BB)在肺炎支原体反复肺感染导致肺间质纤维化的发病机制中的作用 ,作者于 2 4周内给大鼠反复 9次吸入肺炎支原体复制慢性肺感染模型。随后用 PDGF- BB单克隆抗体按 SABC法行免疫组织化学染色和定量图像分析 ,以观察肺组织 PDGF- BB蛋白质水平表达的变化。结果显示 :(1)感染组动物 (n=4)支气管肺泡灌洗液肺炎支原体 - PCR检测均为阳性 ,而对照组 (n=4)和感染加红霉素治疗组动物 (n=4)均为阴性 (P<0 .0 5 ) ;三组动物的支气管和肺组织常规细菌培养结果均为阴性 ;感染组动物透射电镜检查见肺泡间隔增宽 ,其中有较多胶原纤维堆积 ,其余两组则未见明显异常。 (2 )感染组动物肺间质结缔组织内、支气管壁和小血管壁内可见较强的 PDGF- BB阳性染色 ,其积分光密度为 37.90± 10 .14(n=4) ,显著高于对照组者 (7.5 4± 1.98,n=4,P<0 .0 5 )和感染加红霉素治疗组者 (10 .90± 3.30 ,n=4,P<0 .0 5 )。提示肺炎支原体反复肺感染的 PDGF- BB蛋白质水平表达增加 ,可能参与肺间质纤维化的发病过程     

培养-增强套式PCR检测肺炎支原体感染

应用培养 增强套式多聚酶链反应 (C ENPCR)检测 44例肺炎支原体感染住院患儿咽拭子标本。在检测的 44份咽拭子标本中 ,肺炎支原体的检测阳性率为 38.6 3%。结果显示 ,C ENPCR检测MP感染敏感性较高 ,可用于MP感染的临床检测     

Development of a selective and sensitive polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of Mycoplasma pirum

Abstract A new assay using the polymerase chain reaction to amplify a 173-nucleotide DNA fragment within the 16S ribosomal RNA gene of Mycoplasma pirum has been developed. The assay selectively amplified DNA from all strains of M. pirum tested with a high level of sensitivity, even in a context of human DNA. DNA from other mollicute species, including those closely related to M. pirum , from bacteria phylogenetically close to mollicutes ( Clostridium innocuum, C. ramosum and Bacillus subtilis ), from Escherichia coli and from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, did not produce the amplified DNA product specific for M. pirum .     

The enhancement of the human immunoglobulin G Fc fragment-binding activity of Mycoplasma salivarium cells by trypsin treatment is ascribed to the binding of trypsin to the Fc fragment

Abstract Human immunoglobulin G Fc fragment-binding activity of Mycoplasma salivarium cells was remarkably enhanced by trypsin treatment of the cells. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis profile of proteins of the cells treated wtrypsin was the same as that of the cells treated with pronase, although pronase treatment had been shown to reduce the activity in our previous study (FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 123, 305–310, 1994). This contradiction was clarified by the finding that trypsin bound the Fc fragment more strongly than the cells, and a small amount of trypsin remained in the cells treated with trypsin and washed well. On the basis of these results, it was concluded that the enhancement of cell activity by trypsin treatment was ascribed to binding of the Fc fragment to trypsin remaining in the trypsin-treated cells.     

Plasmid transformation and replica filter plating of Acholeplasma laidlawii

The restriction deficient mutant 8195 of Acholeplasma laidlawii strain JA1 was transformed by the promiscuous streptococcal plasmid vector pNZ18 at a frequency of 4 x 10(-4)/cfu. The plasmid was maintained without structural rearrangements but was lost in the absence of a selection pressure, i.e. kanamycin or neomycin. Transformed primary colonies were easily recognized due to a different colony morphology. Replica filter plating, previously not obtained with mycoplasmas, was achieved using pNZ18 as a marker by incubating the replica filters with the cell side down on the new agar plates. These findings should greatly facilitate the genetic and functional analysis of A. laidlawii.