老年2型糖尿病患者血清ANGPTL4、Betatrophin、Vaspin水平与血糖、血脂及下肢血管病变的关系研究

摘要 目的：探讨老年2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者血清脂肪因子血管生成素样蛋白4（ANGPTL4）、促代谢因子（Betatrophin）、腹腔脂肪型丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂（Vaspin）水平与血糖、血脂、下肢血管病变（LVD）的关系。方法：选取我院2018年8月～2019年8月收治的老年T2DM患者108例,根据患者是否合并LVD,分成LVD组（n=38）和无LVD组（n=70）,比较两组临床资料、血清ANGPTL4、Betatrophin、Vaspin水平、血糖指标[空腹血糖（FPG）、餐后2 h血糖（2hPG）、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）]、血脂指标[总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）]。经Pearson线性相关分析患者血清ANGPTL4、Betatrophin、Vaspin水平与血糖、血脂指标相关性。经Logistic多因素回归模型分析患者LVD发生的影响因素。结果：LVD组舒张压、收缩压均高于无LVD组（P＜0.05）。LVD组血清Betatrophin水平及TC、TG、LDL-C、FPG、2hPG、HbA1c高于无LVD组,血清ANGPTL4、Vaspin水平及HDL-C低于无LVD组（P＜0.05）。Pearson线性相关分析显示,血清ANGPTL4、Vaspin与TC、TG、LDL-C、FPG、2hPG、HbA1c呈负相关,与HDL-C呈正相关（P＜0.05）。血清Betatrophin与TC、TG、LDL-C、FPG、2hPG、HbA1c呈正相关,与HDL-C呈负相关（P＜0.05）。Logistic多因素回归模型分析结果显示,血清ANGPTL4、Betatrophin、Vaspin以及舒张压、TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C、FPG、2hPG、HbA1c是患者LVD发生的影响因素（P＜0.05）。结论：老年T2DM合并LVD患者的血清ANGPTL4、Vaspin水平明显下降,而血清Betatrophin水平升高,且三者与血糖、血脂指标均存在相关性,并且是患者发生LVD的影响因素,临床可考虑通过检测血清ANGPTL4、Betatrophin、Vaspin水平,辅助评估LVD的发生风险。     

Lower Jurassic corals from the Pamir Mountains,Central Asia

The paper describes new Lower Jurassic corals from the South-Eastern Pamir Mountains (Tajikistan) and interprets their relationships with contemporaneous West Tethyan corals. Taxonomic similarities with Pliensbachian European and North African faunas indicate a Pliensbachian age for this fauna, which was previously considered to be of Hettangian/Sinemurian age. Together with the taxa earlier described from the Pamirs, this fauna consists of 30 species of 25 genera, including Triassic holdover genera such as Stylophyllopsis, Phacelostylophyllum and Eocomoseris. The bulk of the fauna represents new Jurassic genera: Alichurastrea, Eomicrophyllia, Guembelastreomorpha, Gurumdynia, Pinacomorpha, Protostephanastrea, Psenophyllia, Sedekastrea and Stylimorpha. Earlier coral studies of the region concerned the genera: Archaeosmilia Melnikova, 1975, Archaeosmiliopsis Melnikova, 1975, Cylismilia Roniewicz, 1988, Pachysmilia Melnikova, 1989, and Prodonacosmilia Melnikova in Melnikova and Roniewicz, 1976. Two species that were considered to belong to the genus Cylismilia, are redescribed and reclassified in the genera Psenophyllia, and Archaeosmilia Melnikova, respectively.     

南亚热带森林2种菌根类型树木水分传导和养分利用策略的对比研究

为揭示南亚热带季风常绿阔叶林在季节性干旱加剧和氮沉降增加等环境影响下,菌根树木优势度变化趋势机理,对3种优势EM树木黄杞（Engelhardtia roxburghiana）、锥（Castanopsis chinensis）、黧蒴锥（C. fissa）和3种优势AM树木云南银柴（Aporusa yunnanensis）、山蒲桃（Syzygium levinei）、广东金叶子（Craibiodendron scleranthum var. kwangtungense）的水力性状和养分性状进行了研究。结果表明,EM树木叶片导水率下降50%和88%时的水势（P₅₀、P₈₈）和膨压丧失点（Ψ_tlp）均低于AM树木,边材比导水率（K_S）、叶片比导水率（K_L）、光合氮利用效率（PNUE）和光合磷利用效率（PPUE）均高于AM树木。可见,EM树木比AM树木具有更强的抗旱能力以及更高的导水效率和养分利用效率,这可能是在干旱加剧和氮沉降增加背景下EM树木优势度增加而AM树木优势度减少的生理机制。     

2型糖尿病患者血糖波动与心律失常和下肢血管病变的关系及其影响因素分析

目的:探讨2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者血糖波动与心律失常和下肢血管病变的关系,分析影响T2DM心律失常和下肢血管病变的因素。方法:选择2019年7月到2020年6月我院收治的82例T2DM患者,根据是否合并心律失常分为心律失常组28例和无心律失常组54例,根据是否合并下肢血管病变分为下肢血管病变组31例和无下肢血管病变组51例。所有患者均通过72 h监测血糖获得日内平均血糖波动幅度(MAGE)、日间血糖平均绝对差(MODD)、全天血糖标准差(SDBG)、全天血糖波动次数(NGE)。比较组间差异,分析影响T2DM患者心律失常和下肢血管病变的因素。结果:心律失常组MAGE、MODD、SDBG、NGE、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)、T2DM病程、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、丙二醛(MDA)高于无心律失常组(P<0.05)。下肢血管病变组T2DM病程、Hcy、MDA、HOMA-IR、MAGE、MODD、SDBG、NGE均高于无下肢血管病变组(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示MDA、HOMA-IR、MAGE、MODD是T2DM患者心律失常的危险因素(P<0.001),MAGE、MODD、SDBG是T2DM患者下肢血管病变的危险因素(P<0.001)。结论:T2DM患者血糖波动与心律失常和下肢血管病变均有关,血糖波动增加是T2DM心律失常和下肢血管病变的危险因素。     

Correlation between macrophyte vegetation and some water properties in the irrigation system of the Lower river Po Plane

Abstract

The distribution of macrophytic plant communities, defined by phytosociological numerical methods, in the irrigation system of the Lower river Po Plane was correlated with water characteristich. Water samples were collected periodically within phytocoena well-characterized from the phytosociological viewpoint. Nymphaeid-dominated communities (all. Nymphaeion) usually occur in deeper waters than elodeid- myriophyllid-, and ceratophyllid-dominated vegetation types (all. Potamogetonion). Hydrochemically, all of the studied waterbodies can be classified as rich in electrolytes and in bicarbonates. The distribution of phytocoena reflects a gradient in nutrient content: the Nymphoidetum peltatae characterizes waters moderately rich; the Myriophyllum spicatum community and the Trapetum natantis fairly rich; the Potamogetonetum pectinati and the Ceratophyllum demersum community very rich in nutrients.     

2型糖尿病患者下肢血管病变的危险因素分析

目的:探讨2型糖尿病患者发生下肢血管病变的危险因素.方法:回顾性分析我院2009年12月～2011年12月收治的98例2型糖尿病患者的临床资料,通过彩色多普勒超声检查其下肢血管,按下肢血管有无病变将其分为单纯2型糖尿病租和2型糖尿病合并下肢血管病变组,通过非条件Logistic回归分析导致2型糖尿病患者发生下肢血管病变的危险因素.结果:彩色多普勒超声检查结果显示,98例2型糖尿病患者中,61例发生不同程度下肢血管病变,占62.24％.与单纯2型糖尿病组比较,下肢血管病变组患者年龄、病程、收缩压及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),经非条件Logistic回归分析,患者的年龄、病程、SBP及LDL-L是下肢血管病变的独立危险因素(P＜0.05).结论:2型糖尿病患者下肢血管病变的发生与患者的年龄、病程、血压及血脂情况密切相关.     

Genetic monitoring of progeny derived from natural spawning of Acipenser ruthenus Linnaeus, 1758 and Acipenser stellatus Pallas, 1771 as well as their hybrids in the Lower Volga river during the period 2017 to 2019

The state of natural spawning of sturgeons in the Lower Volga River was investigated through genetic monitoring of juveniles (larvae, fingerlings, subadults) captured at seven traditionally used monitoring locations. Sampling was performed during the period 2017–2019. In total, 460 individuals were caught and genotyped using a set of six microsatellite loci (Afug41, Afug51, Afug135, An20, AoxD161, AoxD165) and mtDNA control region sequencing. The observed species-specific microsatellite alleles revealed the presence of juvenile sturgeons originating from natural spawning also included some hybrids between Acipenser stellatus and A. ruthenus. Thus, the majority of sterlet breeding takes place in natural spawning grounds but also sterlet hybridizes with a small number of stellate sturgeons. Juveniles of other sturgeon species were not identified, and it is concluded that natural spawning activities of Russian sturgeon, beluga and ship sturgeon were insignificant or even absent in the Lower Volga during the observation period.     

Evolutionary patterns of Clavatoraceae (Charophyta) in the mesogean basins analysed according to environmental change during Malm and lower cretaceous

Evolutionary patterns of Clavatoraceae during the Malm and the Lower Cretaceous can be understood by considering how palaeoecological constraints of these charophytes were affected by palaeoenvironmental change. Speciation of Clavatoraceae reached maxima in the Tithonian and especially in the Lower Barremian, coinciding with an important areal extension and environmental diversification of freshwater swamps. Extinction reached a peak in the Upper Barremian, coinciding with the marine flooding of freshwater environments in Mesogea, and continued through the Aptian and Albian due to substitution of carbonatic freshwater swamps by terrigenous deltaic environments and probably by development of highly competitive aquatic flora of angiosperms. Anagenetic change within species attained maxima during the Berriasian and Lower Barremian, when freshwater environments became extensively developed. Absence of change (stasis) was marked during the Valanginian and Hauterivian, in a geological context of environmental stability and areal reduction of the freshwater environments.     

Substrate specific associations of epebionts on Middle Devonian brachiopods: Implications for paleoecology

A detailed study of over 2500 host brachiopods, from the Middle Devonian Hamilton Group of New York State, revealed distinct patterns of epibiont encrustation, that provide insight into taphonomy and paleoautecology of the host brachiopod shells and depositional environments. The concavo‐convex orthid, Tropidoleptus carinatus (Conrad), as well as strophomenid, and smooth athyrid brachiopods are among the most heavily encrusted. However, terebratulids of nearly identical size and shape are relatively clean of epibionts. This selective distribution strongly suggests that epibionts were discouraged from settling on punctate brachiopods. Brachiopods with small spines and frills were also nearly clean of epibionts, possibly because of entrapment of a mud layer, which made the outer layer of the host inhospitable for larval settling. Concavo‐convex taxa reveal high percent coverage and diversity of epibionts on the convex valve, which probably rested on the substrate during the life of brachiopod. This pattern is observed even on brachiopods that were buried with the convex valve downward. This implies complex post‐mortem histories involving multiple episodes of reorientation and colonization.     

Varied development of trunk segmentation in three related Upper Devonian phacopine trilobites

In many arthropods, the development of the trunk region is a complex part of post-embryonic development. Consideration of fossil ontogeny provides an additional source of data and a broader evolutionary perspective on the evolution of arthropod body patterning. Here, I examine the development of the thoraco-pygidial exoskeleton of three related phacopine trilobites from the Upper Devonian according to the integrated ontogenetic scheme proposed by Hughes et al. Pygidial shields assigned to three ontogenetic series gave us the opportunity to further explore the evolutionary pattern of the trilobite segmentation. The analysis showed a different mode of development in two of three species and thus reveals variability between the related taxa. Comparison of the boundaries of different aspects of ontogenesis ratifies the diversity of the segmentation process among trilobites and even among related phacopine species. Results include (i) in a synarthromeric trunk condition recorded to date, there has consistently been a preceding ‘equilibrium’ phase for the late meraspid pygidium and (ii) two developmental modes, i.e. both hypoprotomeric development and synarthromeric development, occur contemporaneously in closely related taxa. Such developments suggest that aspects of segmental development such as segment accretion and segment articulation were able to vary in a labile manner.