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151.
152.
美洲斑潜蝇实验种群的饲养技术 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
本文阐述了寄主植物的室内培养及美洲斑潜蝇的饲养技术。实验以花斑芸豆作为寄主植物。经试验,去除复叶对增加真叶有效利用面积有一定作用。经10天左右的培养,叶片长、宽度增长速率明显减慢,此时是接种斑潜蝇的最佳时机,15天后即斑潜蝇幼虫生长到3龄时,叶面积达最大。在25℃室温下,14小时光照,60%的相对湿度,2只接种箱,每天加入成虫100头(雌:雄=1:1),并更换新苗10~12盆,共60~72片叶子,生长期10~15天,每片叶子的面积可达25~40cm。照此每天可得600~1000头蛹即可基本满足室内工作的需要。 相似文献
153.
瞬时极端高温、一天内极端高温持续时间对美洲斑潜蝇各虫态死亡率及极端高温的持续天数对蛹存活和成虫寿命及产卵量影响的研究表明:卵、1龄、2龄、3龄幼虫、蛹及成虫的半数致死瞬时极端高温分别为:51.4、51.1、52.2、53.5、41.1和43.9°C;各虫态死亡率随极端高温持续时间的增长而提高,死亡率与极端高温及持续时间呈二次曲线关系; 40°C下每天持续3h高温,蛹死亡率、成虫寿命和产卵量与持续天数呈线性关系。 相似文献
154.
155.
1995年在调查潜叶蝇种类时,在菊花上发现加藤斑潜蝇,属中国大陆首次报道,本文对其形态特征进行描述。 相似文献
156.
157.
MOSTAFA HAGHANI YAGHOUB FATHIPOUR ALI ASGHAR TALEBI VALIOLLAH BANIAMERI 《Insect Science》2006,13(6):477-483
Reproduction and population parameters of vegetable leafminer, Liriomyza sativae Blanchard were measured on cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) at seven constant temperatures (10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40℃). No eggs were found at 10℃ and flies died after exposure to 40℃. The significantly highest intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm), net reproductive rate (R0) and finite rate of increase (λ) ofL. sativae were obtained at 25℃ as 0.196, 52.452, and 1.216, respectively. The above-mentioned parameters decreased at 15℃ and 135℃ and this reduction at 35℃ was strong. Doubling time (DT) varied significantly with temperature. The shortest doubling time was obtained at 25℃. Mean generation time (T) decreased significantly with increasing temperature between 15℃ and 35℃. Percentage of immature ages in the stable age distribution was more than 95% at all temperatures. Female longevity was greater than male at all temperatures. Liriomyza sativae lived for a long time at 15℃, whereas at 35℃ had lower survival rates. The effect of temperature on reproduction, especially the intrinsic rate of increase of L. sativae would be useful for predicting its longterm population fluctuation over several generations. 相似文献
158.
Abstract. 1. Mortality imposed on the leaf mining fly, Liriomyza commelinae (Frost) was studied at three spatial levels: (1) the leaf, (2) the stem, and (3) a metre quadrat of the food plant.
2. Real mortality (R.M.) (death as a percentage of eggs laid) during development for five sites over 3 years (forty-seven generations) was 96.3 + 1.9% -2.5% (±95% c.l.), due mainly to parasitoids and predatory ants, with a small component due to competition and other causes.
3. Real mortality due to the parasitoid complex averaged 41.2%. It was not related to population density in leaves or stems but was positively dependent on density in one metre quadrats.
4. Predation by Crematogaster brevispinosa Mayr was 21.2% and was independent of population density at all spatial levels.
5. Mortality due to other causes (e.g. competition and exposure to high temperature resulting from insolation) was positively dependent on the number of mines per leaf at three out of five sites studied and the number of mines per stem at two of the three sites studied; however, such mortality was independent of density per metre quadrat. 相似文献
2. Real mortality (R.M.) (death as a percentage of eggs laid) during development for five sites over 3 years (forty-seven generations) was 96.3 + 1.9% -2.5% (±95% c.l.), due mainly to parasitoids and predatory ants, with a small component due to competition and other causes.
3. Real mortality due to the parasitoid complex averaged 41.2%. It was not related to population density in leaves or stems but was positively dependent on density in one metre quadrats.
4. Predation by Crematogaster brevispinosa Mayr was 21.2% and was independent of population density at all spatial levels.
5. Mortality due to other causes (e.g. competition and exposure to high temperature resulting from insolation) was positively dependent on the number of mines per leaf at three out of five sites studied and the number of mines per stem at two of the three sites studied; however, such mortality was independent of density per metre quadrat. 相似文献
159.
The pea leafminer, Liriomyza huidobrensis, is an important pest species affecting ornamental crops worldwide. Plant damage consists of oviposition and feeding punctures created by female adult flies as well as larva-bored mines in leaf mesophyll tissues. How plants indirectly defend themselves from these two types of leafminer damage has not been sufficiently investigated. In this study, we compared the indirect defense responses of bean plants infested by either female adults or larvae. Puncturing of leaves by adults released green leaf volatiles and terpenoids, while larval feeding caused plants to additionally emit methyl salicylate and (E,E)-4,8,12-trimethyl-1,3,7,11-tridecatetraene (TMTT). Puncturing of plants by female adults induced increases in jasmonic acid (JA) and JA-related gene expressions but reduced the expressions of salicylic acid (SA)-related genes. In contrast, JA and SA and their-related gene expression levels were increased significantly by larval feeding. The exogenous application of JA+SA significantly triggered TMTT emission, thereby significantly inducing the orientation behavior of parasitoids. Our study has confirmed that larval feeding can trigger TMTT emission through the activation of both JA and SA pathways to attract parasitoids; however, TMTT alone is less attractive than the complete blend of volatiles released by infested plants. 相似文献
160.
The adult feeding behavior of Liriomyza huidobrensis and L. trifolii was studied in beans of the variety “Catarino.” The insects
were placed on a bean leaf and its behavior observed and recorded on DVD for a period of 30 min. An ethogram was constructed
based on the different behavior parameters that were identified. The time that each species used in each behavior parameter
was registered and compared between the two species. When placed in the arena the two species behaved in a similar manner,
although some differences were observed. The adaptation of the leafminers species to the “Catarino” bean variety under these
experimental conditions and the possibility to use some behavioral parameters as indicators of the preference of these insects
in relation to the host plant are discussed. 相似文献