陕西乾县的旧石器

石制品八件,发现于陕西乾县大北沟黄土之下砂砾粘土层中,和更新世晚期的哺乳类化石伴存。另外由大北沟附近地表拾到一件手斧,和蓝田平梁的大尖状器相似,推测为旧石器时代的文化遗物。     

科氏仓鼠(Kowalskia)一新种

山东沂南马牧池区双泉西山红棕色角砾岩层中的Kowalskia yinanensis sp.nov.头骨和下颌是该属迄今所发现的最完整的材料。这种仓鼠大小接近波兰晚上新世的K.magna,具有和Cricetinua varians相似性状的头骨及下颌。臼齿尖(嵴)发育程度较捷克最晚上新世的K.intermedia稍原始,时代上大致可与之相对比。     

腊玛古猿和西瓦古猿的形态特征及其系统关系——颅骨的形态与比较

本文通过具体的形态比较指出,禄丰腊玛古猿和西瓦古猿应为同一类型的雌雄个体,它们与现代猩猩比较相似,而与大猩猩和黑猩猩差别较大,因此,它们可看作是猩猩的祖先。猩猩这一支大约是在一千二百万年前开始从人猿超科的进化主干上分化出来的。     

山西蒲县薛关细石器

本文记述了采自山西蒲县薛关的一批细石器。这批石器属于以楔状石核为特征的典型细石器技术传统。它的发现,对探索旧石器时代晚期人类在吕梁山一带劳动、生息状况,对进一步探讨我国华北地区各细石器文化之间的相互关系,都有一定的意义。     

中国晚期旧石器的碳-14断代和问题

根据已公布的47个碳-14数据,进而分析10处中国晚期遗址的年代和问题,并提出不同的看法。文中强调:露天遗址中碳-14数据的异常现象,往往与各种原因形成的再次堆积有关。因此必须注意样品的采集和避免引用孤零的碳-14数据,同时还要结合地层和文化性质的分析,才可能保证断代的准确性。     

长室姬蜂属一新种

本文描述了我国山东莱阳莱阳组中的长室姬蜂属(Tanychora)1个新种。这是世界上已知的最古老的姬蜂化石,在研究这个类群的起源和演化上具有重要意义。根据这个属在演化上的原始程度,推断含有此类昆虫化石的苏联、蒙古和我国的有关地层的沉积时代为晚侏罗世。     

Phytosaur remains (Reptilia,Thecodontia)from the Upper Triassic of North-Eastern Thailand

The recently discovered late Triassic vertebratelocality at Chulabhorn Dam (North-Eastern Thailand) has yielded incomplete remains (jaw fragments and teeth) of phytosaurs, which are apparently indicative of a form related to Belodon and Rutiodon. They can be interpreted as showing that in the late Triassic North-Eastern Thailand was already biogeographically part of Laurasia.     

Pollenanalytical research in the Grisons (Switzerland)

In the first part, an overview of the history of palynological researeh in Switzerland and particularly in the Grisons is given, with a map showing all investigated areas in the Grisons. The second part deals with the significance of the pollenanalytical research in the Grisons, namely, the history of vegetation during the Late and Post Glacial, climatic fluctuations and applications in geomorphology, archaeology and forestry research. Finally, some results concerning the history of vegetation during the Late and Post Glacial are discussed.I would like to thank my colleague H. Holzhauser for his help with the drawing of the figures.     

Rhyncholites and conchorhynchs as calcified jaw elements in some late Cretaceous ammonites

Conspicuous calcareous coverings are present in the anterior region of 17 fossil jaws from late Cretaceous rocks of Hokkaido (Japan) and Sakhalin (U.S.S.R.). The jaws were preserved in calcareous nodules either in situ in body chambers of ammonites or in close association with identifiable ammonite conch remains. From the morphologic similarity between in situ and isolated jaws, they may be attributed to Tetragonites glabrus, Gaudryceras tenuiliratum, G. denseplicatum, G. sp., and Neophylloceras subramosum. The jaw apparatus of these species is composed of two three-dimensional black walls of carbonate apatite, which might be a diagenetic replacement of chitinous material. The calcareous coverings in both upper and lower jaws closely resemble those of upper (rhyncholite) and lower (conchorhynch) jaws of modern Nautilus as well as rhyncholite and conchorhynch fossils in their gross morphology, microstructure, and chemical composition. Calcified remains of cephalopod jaws known as rhyncholites and conchorhynchs have been reported from late Paleozoic to Recent. The present discovery of ammonoid rhyncholites and conchorhynchs suggests that at least some previously known late Paleozoic and Mesozoic counterparts belong to the Ammonoidea. The essential similarity of jaw elements of some Late Cretaceous ammonites and modern Nautilus gives reliable information on the feeding habits of the former. The sharp and thick ammonoid rhyncholites and conchorhynchs may have had a special function for cutting up food, similar to those of Nautilus.