微球囊压迫介入治疗三叉神经痛

目的：三叉神经痛是口腔科常见疾病之一,病因不清。令患者难于忍受。多年来人们探索出很多的治疗手段,这些方法均不同程度伴有疗效、副损伤及并发症上的各种缺点。经研究经介入方法利用微球囊能改变了三叉神经半月节的解剖位置从而缓解其周围压力,进而治疗了三叉神经痛且疗效很好。结论：微球囊加压介入治疗三叉神经痛是目前有效治疗三叉神经痛的方法。     

大鼠动脉内膜损伤后血管中的骨桥蛋白和基质Gla蛋白mRNA的表达变化

本实验采用球囊剥脱大鼠主动脉内皮造成血管内膜损伤的芭Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ印迹分析,逆转录聚合酶链式反应（ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ）等方法,研究大鼠主动脉内损伤后血管中的骨桥蛋白（ｏｓｔｅｏｐｏｎｔｉｎ,ＯＰＮ）和基质Ｇｌａ蛋白（ｍａｔｒｉｘ Ｇｌａ ｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ,ＭＧＰ）ｍＲＮＡ水平的动态变化。与无内皮损伤血管比较,损伤后的血管中ＯＰＮ和ＭＧＰ的ｍＲＮＡ水平明显升高,损伤后１,７,１４ｄ,两者的ｍＲＮＡ水平逐渐     

Field tests of a balloon-suspended trap system for studying insects in the canopy of tropical rainforests

A system of suspending traps from a movable balloon was developed and tested on pollinating and wood boring Coleoptera in a tropical rainforest canopy in Pasoh Forest Reserve, Peninsular Malaysia. The balloons, 2.5 m in diameter, were filled with helium gas for levitation and moored in different directions by three pieces of thin rope. Traps in which benzyl acetate and ethanol were used as attractants for the pollinators and wood borers, respectively, were suspended from the balloon at different heights. The trapping results show that the balloon system can be used for studying canopy insects and their vertical distribution on a spatial and temporal scale.     

Intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation in acute myocardial infarction: old and emerging indications

Background

Recent evidence questions the role of intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation (IABP) in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) complicated by cardiogenic shock (CS). An area of increasing interest is the use of IABP for persistent ischaemia (PI). We analysed the use of IABP in patients with AMI complicated by CS or PI.

Methods

From 2008 to 2010, a total of 4076 patients were admitted to our hospital for primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for AMI. Out of those, 239 patients received an IABP either because of CS or because of PI. Characteristics and outcome of those patients are investigated.

Results

The mean age of the study population was 64 ± 11 years; 75 % were male patients. Of the patients, 63 % had CS and 37 % had PI. Patients with CS had a 30-day mortality rate of 36 %; 1-year mortality was 41 %. Patients with PI had a 30-day mortality rate of 7 %; 1-year mortality was 11 %.

Conclusions

Mortality in patients admitted for primary PCI because of AMI complicated by CS is high despite IABP use. Outcome in patients treated with IABP for PI is favourable and mandates further prospective studies.     

单球囊双侧扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的效果分析

目的：探讨单球囊双侧扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的临床疗效。方法：选取择期在我院接受单球囊双侧扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的52例老年患者的临床资料,对患者的疼痛评分、椎体高度变化情况、术前和术后的后凸cobb角改善情况、术后复发情况等进行分析。结果：全部患者术后随访2-17个月,疼痛均得到缓解,术前VAS评分为8．6,术后VAS评分为2．5,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;平均椎体前缘高度恢复（56．5％±34％）,中部恢复（60．5％±35．4％）,后缘恢复（40．7％±32-3％）,矢状面排列改善明显（P〈0．05）;与术前相比,手术后患者侧位X片显示Cobb角平均改善10。（P〈0．05）。术后3例发生椎体前缘骨水泥渗漏,但未引起其他并发症;1例发生肋间神经痛,经保守治疗6个月后症状得到缓解。结论：单球囊zt-N扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折效果明显,值得临床推广。     

IABP在危重症冠状动脉旁路移植术围手术期的应用

目的：探讨危重症冠状动脉旁路移植术（CABG）患者围手术期应用主动脉球囊反搏（IABP）疗效。方法：回顾性分析2008年1月至2010年9月40例应用IABP治疗的危重症CABG患者围手术期资料。结果：术前安置IABP 19例,术中安置IABP 10例,术后安置IABP11例。平均IABP辅助时间98.6±48.2小时。32例患者治愈出院,死亡8例,死亡率20.0%。术前安置者死亡率为21.1%,若除外机械并发症原因则死亡率为10.5%;术中安置者死亡率为20.0%;术后安置者死亡率为18.2%。5例出现血小板减少症;1例出现肠系膜动脉栓塞。结论：IABP是一种安全有效的循环辅助方法,积极应用可以明显提高危重症CABG的治疗效果。     

小切开EST联合EPBD与单纯EST对85岁以上老年胆总管结石患者疗效的比较

目的:对比内镜下十二指肠乳头括约肌(expressed sequence tags,EST)小切开术联合内镜下十二指肠乳头括约肌扩张术(endoscopic papillary balloon dilation,EPBD)与单纯EST对85岁以上老年胆总管结石患者的疗效。方法:选择我院于2014年1月～2020年2月收治的85岁以上老年胆总管结石患者150例,根据入院顺序随机分成两组,每组各75例,给予对照组单纯小切开EST术治疗,给予研究组小切开EST+EPBD术治疗。对比两组的一次取石成功率、机械碎石、结石复发率等指标;术中操作时间、术中出血量、住院天数、术后排便天数等临床指标;术后胆道感染、急性胰腺炎、高淀粉酶血症、术后腹痛等并发症的总发生率。结果:研究组一次取石成功率显著高于对照组,机械碎石、结石复发率均显著低于对照组(P0.05);研究组的术中操作时间、术中出血量、住院天数、术后排便天数均显著低于对照组(P0.05);研究组术后胆道感染、急性胰腺炎、高淀粉酶血症、术后腹痛、术后迟发性出血等并发症的总发生率为9.33%(7/75),显著低于对照组37.33%(28/75),差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:小切开EST联合EPBD对85岁以上老年胆总管结石患者的疗效显著,该方法可有改善患者临床指标,降低术后并发症发生率,值得推荐至临床广泛应用。     

New approach for graded compression spinal cord injuries in Rhesus macaque: method feasibility and preliminary observations

Background Current models of spinal cord injury (SCI) have been ineffective for translational research. Primate blunt SCI, which more closely resembles human injury, could be a promising model to fill this gap. Methods Graded compression SCI was produced by inflating at T9 an epidural balloon as a function of spinal canal dimensions in a non‐uniform group of monkeys. Results Sham injury and cord compression by canal invasion of 50–75% produced minimal morpho‐functional alterations, if at all. Canal invasion of 90–100% resulted in proportional functional deficits. Unexpectedly, these animals showed spontaneous gradual recovery over a 12‐week period achieving quadruped walking, although with persistent absence of foot grasping reflex. Histopathology revealed predominance of central cord damage that correlated with functional status. Conclusions Our preliminary results suggest that this model could potentially be a useful addition to translational work, but requires further validation by including animals with permanent injuries and expansion of replicates.     

体外反搏机用心电和颞脉波发生器

以病员作为信号源对体外反搏装置的控制系统进行检测既不方便又不实际,本研究利用单片机模拟输出多种心电波形和反搏前、反搏中的颞脉波能解决此问题。实验表明研制出的体外反搏机用心电和颞脉波信号发生器运作良好,具有应用开发价值。     

体外反搏治疗急性重症病毒性脑炎的临床疗效观察

目的:探讨以体外反搏为主的康复手段治疗急性重症病毒性脑炎的临床疗效。方法:选择2015年6月～2016年6月在我院康复科就诊的42例急性重症病毒性脑炎患儿,按照家长治疗意愿分成治疗组和对照组,每组21例。治疗一个月和三个月后,分析和比较两组的治疗前后粗大运动功能评定量表(GMFM)、平衡功能测量(Berg量表)和修订的Glasgow意识障碍评分量表评分的变化。结果:两组患儿平衡能力总有效率(显效率与有效率之和)分别为85.7%和57.1%,以及95.2%和66.7%,治疗组疗效明显优于对照组(P0.05)。两组治疗后1、3个月,GMFM、Glasgow意识障碍评分均较治疗前明显提高(P0.01),且治疗组治疗1、3个月后GMFM显著高于对照组(P0.01)。结论:以体外反搏为主的早期康复治疗有助于急性重症病毒性脑炎患者促醒及运动功能恢复。