微创引流术与开颅术在硬脑膜外血肿患者围手术期的治疗体会及临床疗效评价

目的:分析微创引流术与开颅术在硬脑膜外血肿患者围手术期的治疗体会及临床疗效评价。方法:选取本院2015年1月至2016年10月期间诊断为硬脑膜外血肿的患者100例,随机均分成两组,即对照组和观察组。对照组采用常规开颅手术,观察组给予微创引流手术治疗。比较两组手术效果及治疗前后生活质量改善情况。结果:观察组手术效果优于对照组(P0.05);观察组颅脑缺损(0%)、再出血率(6%)明显低于对照组(12%,20%)(P0.05),观察组生活质量高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:与常规开颅术相比,微创引流术创伤小、恢复快、效果好,值得临床推广应用。     

皮肤软组织扩张Ⅰ期术后血肿危险因素研究

目的:皮肤软组织扩张术一个令人头疼的问题是其高并发症,其中血肿的发生往往意味着二次手术,本研究希望寻找皮肤软组织扩张Ⅰ期术后血肿发生的独立危险因素,为临床工作提供指导.方法:回顾性分析西京医院整形外科2003年1月至2012年12月间行扩张器置入术患者的临床资料,应用单因素Logistic回归法进行比较,寻找潜在危险因素,将单因素分析差异P＜0.1的变量引入多因素Logistic回归分析模型,采用Backward Conditional法行逐步回归分析,以P＜0.05筛选出独立危险因素.结果:2003年1月至2012年12月西京医院整形科行皮肤软组织置入术患者,共2056人次3382例扩张器入选研究,Ⅰ期术后发生血肿的共100例,发生率为3.0％,经过统计分析最终发现术前APTT值、单次手术埋置扩张器数、性别及扩张器埋置部位是血肿的独立危险因素.结论:血肿的独立危险因素为术前APTT值、单次手术埋置扩张器数、性别及扩张器埋置部位,术前APTT值越高、单次手术扩张器埋置数越多、患者为男性及手术部位为面颈部时,软组织扩张术后发生血肿的可能性越大,本研究对指导临床工作降低血肿发生具有重要的参考意义.     

局部亚低温联合血肿清除术治疗外伤性脑内血肿的临床疗效观察

目的:探讨局部亚低温联合血肿清除术治疗外伤性脑内血肿患者的临床疗效。方法:选择我院收治的外伤性脑内血肿患者89例,均给予血肿清除术治疗,其中47例接受血肿清除术联合局部亚低温治疗,评价和比较两组治疗后的临床疗效,术前及术后1天、1周、2周的美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分和血肿体积。结果:治疗组有效率为93.6%,明显高于对照组(P0.05);治疗组术后1天、1周、2周的NIHSS评分明显高于对照组(P0.05),血肿大小明显小于对照组(P0.05)。结论:局部亚低温联合血肿清除术治疗外伤性脑内血肿能有效减轻患者脑部损害,提高患者神经功能。     

Plasma leptin level predicts hematoma growth and early neurological deterioration after acute intracerebral hemorrhage

Higher plasma leptin levels have been associated with poor clinical outcomes after intracerebral hemorrhage. Nevertheless, their links with hematoma growth and early neurological deterioration are unknown. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the relationship between plasma leptin levels, hematoma growth, and early neurological deterioration in patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage. We prospectively studied 102 consecutive patients with acute spontaneous basal ganglia hemorrhage presenting within 6 h from symptoms onset. Significant hematoma growth was defined as hematoma enlargement >33% at 24 h. Early neurological deterioration was defined as an increase of ≥4 points in National Institute of Health Stroke Scale score at 24 h from symptoms onset. We measured plasma leptin levels on admission using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in a blinded fashion. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, plasma leptin level emerged as the independent predictor of hematoma growth (odds ratio, 1.182; 95% confidence interval, 1.061–2.598; P = 0.008) and early neurological deterioration (odds ratio, 1.193; 95% confidence interval, 1.075–2.873; P = 0.004). Using receiver operating characteristic curves, we calculated areas under the curve for hematoma growth (area under curve, 0.844; 95% confidence interval, 0.759–0.908) and early neurological deterioration (area under curve, 0.857; 95% confidence interval, 0.774–0.918). The predictive performance of leptin was similar to, but did not obviously improve that of hematoma volume. Thus, leptin may help in the prediction of hematoma growth and early neurological deterioration after intracerebral hemorrhage.