1.5T磁共振不同序列用于检出妇科肿瘤盆腔淋巴结转移的比较

目的:比较1.5T磁共振(MRI)不同序列条件下对妇科肿瘤盆腔淋巴结转移的检出情况,探讨最佳检出序列条件。方法:选取2015年5月-2017年5月初诊为卵巢癌、宫颈癌、子宫内膜癌的患者78例作为研究对象,均行盆腔淋巴结清扫术。所有患者术前均行T1加权序列(T1WI)、T2加权序列(T2WI)、增强扫描(T1WI+C)、弥散加权成像(DWI)检查,记录每个序列检查条件下检出的盆腔转移淋巴结个数及分布。以病理结果作为判断的"金标准"进行对比。结果:对比病理检查结果,应用DWI序列对妇科肿瘤盆腔淋巴结转移的检出率(95.8%)显著高于T2WI-MRI序列(85.8%)和T1WI-MRI序列(75.0%)(P0.05);DWI序列与T1WI+C序列(90.8%)相比差异无统计学意义(P0.05);DWI阈值法与DWI短径法相比,淋巴结的检出率差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:应用1.5T磁共振检查妇科肿瘤盆腔淋巴节转移时,采用DWI序列扫描对于转移淋巴结的具有较高的检出率,显著优于其他序列扫描;在进行阳性淋巴结判断中,ADC阈值法和短径法均可选用。     

Identification of a common microdeletion cluster in 7q21.3 subband among patients with myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome

Monosomy 7 and interstitial deletions in the long arm of chromosome 7 (−7/7q−) is a common nonrandom chromosomal abnormality found frequently in myeloid disorders including acute myeloid leukemia (AML), myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), and juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML). Using a short probe-based microarray comparative genomic hybridization (mCGH) technology, we identified a common microdeletion cluster in 7q21.3 subband, which is adjacent to ‘hot deletion region’ thus far identified by conventional methods. This common microdeletion cluster contains three poorly characterized genes; Samd9, Samd9L, and a putative gene LOC253012, which we named Miki. Gene copy number assessment of three genes by real-time PCR revealed heterozygous deletion of these three genes in adult patients with AML and MDS at high frequency, in addition to JMML patients. Miki locates to mitotic spindles and centrosomes and downregulation of Miki by RNA interference induced abnormalities in mitosis and nuclear morphology, similar to myelodysplasia. In addition, a recent report indicated Samd9 as a tumor suppressor. These findings indicate the usefulness of the short probe-based CGH to detect microdeletions. The three genes located to 7q21.3 would be candidates for myeloid tumor-suppressor genes on 7q.     

国产伏立康唑治疗侵袭性真菌感染6例临床观察

目的观察国产伏立康唑治疗恶性血液病患者侵袭性真菌感染（IFI）的临床疗效和安全性。方法以国产伏立康唑治疗6例发生于恶性血液病患者的侵袭性真菌感染,观察疗效及不良反应。结果6例患者中,有效4例,其中完全反应3例,部分反应1例。1例用药第6天出现低钾血症。结论国产伏立康唑是治疗恶性血液病患者侵袭性真菌感染的安全有效的药物,     

超声介入治疗常见妇科囊性炎症包块的疗效评价*

摘要目的：比较超声引导介入治疗盆腔脓肿、输卵管积脓、输卵管积液、包裹性积液及宫颈囊肿的临床效果,了解超声引导介入 治疗常见的妇科囊性炎症包块的临床价值。方法：选取我院妇科门诊2007 年1 月～2011 年3月收治的常见妇科囊性炎症包块共 108例,其中盆腔脓肿11 例、输卵管积脓19 例、输卵管积液43 例、盆腔包裹性积液31 例、宫颈囊肿4 例,给予超声实时引导抽囊 液、甲硝唑冲洗治疗,治疗后3 个月内复查超声评价和比较疗效。结果：盆腔脓肿、输卵管积脓、盆腔包裹性积液包块均明显缩小 (12/43)或消失(29/43),治疗有效率100%;输卵管积液包块治疗有效率95％(41/43),宫颈囊肿均痊愈。各组间比较无统计学差异 （P>0.05）。结论：超声引导介入治疗对输卵管积脓、盆腔脓肿、盆腔包裹性积液均有显著的疗效,且治疗效果无差异,值得推广应 用,代替传统的非必要的手术治疗。     

金黄色萄葡球菌L型特异性抗体的免疫组化试验在妇科感染性疾病诊断上的应用

本文对49例慢性子宫内膜炎、慢性宫颈炎等妇科疾病的病理切片,用金黄色葡萄球菌细菌型及L型的特异性杭体作酶免疫组化染色(PAP法)证明在金黄色葡萄球菌引起的各种妇科感染中,细菌型及L型混合感染占60％,单独细菌型感染占28.9％,单独L型感染占11.1％。本研究证明了金葡菌变异为L型后,有特异性杭原出现,并证明细菌L型的特异性抗原有一定的免疫学诊断价值。     

1H NMR Ganglioside Ceramide Resonance Region on the Differential Diagnosis of Low and High Malignancy of Brain Gliomas

1. The high-resolution ¹H NMR (MRS) spectra of human brain tumor homogenates revealed a broad resonance at 5.3–5.4 ppm in glioblastoma multiforme (N = 16) and brain metastases (N = 2). The broad resonance was identified as ceramide, a sphingosine–fatty acid combination portion of ganglioside, indicating an elevated abundance of monounsaturated fatty acids. GLC analysis of gangliosides in the highly malignant glioblastoma multiforme revealed that the elevated monounsaturated fatty acid is oleic acid (C18:1). The resonance at 5.3–5.4 ppm region was not detectable in normal human brain (N = 2), in meningiomas (N = 2), or in low-grade astrocytomas (N = 12). In normal human brain the abundance of monounsaturated fatty acid is minimal.2. This investigation was made possible because the method of producing homogenate resulted in (i) no loss of lipids during the process and (ii) a well-homogenised sample, with (iii) no loss in chemical integrity.3. The properties of tumor gangliosides include antigenic specificity and immunosuppresive activity and the ceramide, a sphingosine–fatty acid combination, noticeably influences the ganglioside immunosuppressive activity.4. The observation of ¹H NMR ceramide resonance in high-malignant brain tumors emphasizes the dramatic role of aberrant gangliosides and ceramide precursors on the grade of malignancy and invasiveness.5. Further insight into the specific nature of the ceramide portion of gangliosides in grading the malignancy of brain tumors should be investigated further.